| 人教新课标高一下知识归纳（U16） |
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高一下知识归纳（U16） 1. in one's opinion 依某人看，在某人看来 [用法] in one's opinion 中的one’s表示不同的物主代词，如your, his, her, their 等，也可以用名词的所有格代替，如Jane’s, Mum's, my teacher’s等，它用来表示个人的看法或意见，并使自己的看法或意见听起来不那么武断，不那么绝对化。 [例] (1)In my opinion, he is wasting time. 依我看，他在浪费时间。 (2)In Charlie's opinion, Americans should eat less meat. 在查理看来，美国人应该少吃一点肉。 (3)In the opinion of most people, there will be a good harvest time this autumn. 根据多数人的看法，今年秋天会有一个好收成。 [拓展]在英语中，in my opinion也可以说in my view，还可用I think／guess／feel等，但前者更为正式些。 2. waste vt. 糟蹋，浪费，徒耗；毁坏，荒废 n. 浪费，徒耗；废物，荒地 (1)Mother told me not to waste money. 母亲告诉我别浪费金钱。 (2)She always wastes her time on trifles. 她总是在琐事上浪费时间。 (3)The fields were wasted by a long drought. 那些田地由于久旱而荒废了。 (4)It's a waste of money to buy that. 买那个东西是白浪费金钱。 (5)A lot of waste from the factory is polluting the sea. 工厂排放出的大量废弃物正在污染海洋。 3. pollute vt. 弄脏、污染 [例] A lot of rivers have been polluted. 许多河流已被污染。 pollute的名词形式为pollution。 (1) air pollution 空气污染 (2) environmental pollution 环境污染 (3)noise pollution 噪音污染 (4)water pollution 水污染 4. use n. 使用，利用，用 [搭配] It is (of) no use doing sth. = It is no use to do sth. 做……也是徒然。 be of use 有用，有效 come into use 开始使用 in use 使用之中，使用着 make(full，more)use of(充分、更多地)使用、利用 [例] (1)It's no use talking. 说是没有用的。 (2)The medicine is of great use. 这药很有效。 (3)Computers have come into use in the class. 电脑已开始应用于课堂上了。 (4)The laboratory is in use until three o'clock. 实验室一直到二点钟都有人使用。 (5)You should make the best use of this chance. 你该好好利用这次机会。 (6)He make use of his free time to learn French. 他利用空余时间来学法语。 5．though adv．可是；倒是；然而 [用法]though作副词讲，一般放在句尾，常用逗号与句子分开。 [例] (1)He said he would come, he didn't, though. 他说他会来，可是他并没有来。 (2) He has a bit cold. It's nothing serious, though. 他有点感冒，不过不太严重。 [拓展]though作“虽然”“尽管”解时是连词，连接一个表示让步的状语从句，从句可放在句句尾。 天气虽然很冷，但是他却没穿外衣就出去了。 (2)He will come back for supper，though l don’t know when． 他要回来吃晚饭的，尽管我不知道他什么时候回来。 6．discover vt.发现；看出 [例] (1)When we discover what this thing is, we must work until we succeed. 当我们发现这事情是什么的时候，我们就必须坚持下去直到成功。 (2) We discovered his mistakes too late.我们发现他的错误太晚了。 [辨析] discover与invent (1)discover的对象是一直存在的，以往末被人们认识或发现。 (2)invent是产生出以前没有的东西。往往是物质性的东西。 [例] (1) Gilbert discovered electricity, but Edison invented the light bulb. 吉尔伯特发现了电。但爱迪生发明了灯泡。 (2) Paper was invented in China.纸发明于中国。 (3) Who discovered America in 1492? 是谁在1492年发现了美洲大陆的呢? discover和invent的名词形式为discovery和invention 7．conduct vt. [用法]conduct作动词为“指导、引导、指挥、传导”等。 [例](1) He conducted me around the museum. 他带领我参观了博物馆。 (2) The young man conducted the tour. 这位年轻人担任该队的导游。 (3) The concert on this evening will be conducted by a world-famous conductor．本周六的音乐会将由一位著名的世界级指挥家担任指挥。 (4) The material can conduct electricity and heat.这种材料既导电又传热。 8．charge vt. [用法]charge作动词时，有多种词义，具体含义要根据全句的意思。 [例](1) How much do you charge for a room with a bath? 一间带浴室的房间要多少钱。 (2)They charged me five dollars for a cup of coffee． 他们一杯咖啡向我要(价)5美元。 (3)The teacher charged him with calling the roll. 老师指派他点名。 (4)Mother charged me to tell the truth and not to steal. 母亲训诫我要诚实，不可偷窃。 (5)The frightened animal charged into the toy shop. 那只受了惊吓的动物冲进了玩具店。 (6)It usually takes ten hours to get the condenser fully charged. 将那个蓄电器充满通常要十个小时。 [拓展]charge也可用作名词，变成很多短语。 [搭配]free of charge 免费的，免费地 in charge (of)... 负责，掌管 in (under) the charge of... 被……管理，由……管理 [例] (1)You get service free of charge. 你可得到免费的服务。 (2)She is in charge of our class. 她担任我们的班主任。 (3)The prisoner was in the charge of the guard. = The guard was in charge of the prisoner. 囚犯由警卫看管。 9. cross n. v. [用法]cross作名词为“十字形符号”“交叉点”“混合种／物”；作动词为“越过”“渡过”“交叉”。 [例](1) He wrote crosses on the wrong answers.他在错误的答案上打“X”。 (2) A mule is a cross between a horse and an ass.骡是马和驴的混合种。 (3) Cross the street/river/bridge/desert穿过马路／渡河／过桥／穿过沙漠 (4) The two main roads cross in the center of the town. 那两条主要道路于市中心交会。 10. sharp adj. adv. [用法]sharp作形容词时指①(刀具等的)锋利；②(言词等的)尖酸、刻薄；③(感觉)敏锐的；④(颜色、图片)清晰的，鲜明的；作副词指(时间)恰好正点。 [例] (1) The boy like to keep his pencil sharp. 那个男孩总是喜欢把铅笔削得尖尖的。 (2) His sharp words seemed to hurt her. 他那些尖酸的话似乎伤害了她。 (3) Dogs have sharp ears. 狗具有灵敏的听觉。 (4) There is something wrong with our TV. The picture is not very sharp. 我们的电视机有问题，图像不是很清晰。 (5) He got home at seven o'clock sharp. 他七点整回到家。 [用法](1)tear作名词时常用复数形式。为“眼泪、泪水”. (2)tear作动词时为“撕、扯”，过去式或过去分词为tore，torn. [例] (1)She shed tears when she was left alone in the room. 她独自一个人在房间时，流下了眼泪。 (2)dry (wipe away) one's tears 擦干(试)眼泪 burst into tears 突然哭起来 in tears (adj. adv. ) 含泪、流着眼泪 (3)He tore the letter into pieces. 他把那封信撕成了碎片。 (4)This paper tears easily. 这纸容易撕破。 [搭配] tear sth. into pieces 将…….撕碎 tear sth. open 将……撕（扯）开 tear sth. in half 将……撕成两半 tear sth. from (off, out of) 将……从……上撕下 tear down 扯下，拆毁 tear up 撕裂，撕毁 12. be made up of由……组成、构成 [比较] be made from 由……制成(原材料看不出) be made of 由……制成(原材料看得出) be made into 把……制成…… be made in 在……生长(制造) be made up of 由……组成(构成) [例] (1)Steel is made from iron. 钢是由铁炼成的。 (2)The bridge is made of steel. 这座桥是由钢材造的。 (3)Bamboo is made into paper. 竹子可以造纸。 (4)This kind of TV set is made in China. 这种电视机是中国制造的。 (5)The team is made up of ten people. 这个小组由十个人组成。 |
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