Unit 18 Mainly revision

中学英语教学资源网英语教案教学设计 手机版


学习目标
教学目标
1.能就"等人"和"交通"话题进行日常交际,注意所使用的语气。
2.掌握本单元的词汇和惯用语,特别是before long,no one,not…any longer等短语的用法。
3.复习、归纳过去完成时态、过去将来时态、宾语从句、动词不定式等,进一步学习定语从句。
4.学习形容词、副词作修饰语的位置,进一步复习形容词、副词比较等级的用法。
5.认真学习"Because it's there",培养我们坚韧不拔和勇往直前的精神,树立远大的目标,不懈地为之奋斗。
句型及日常交际用语
l.有关"交通"的用语
There is a little traffic accident.
有一个小的交通事故。
There's a big traffic jam.
交通阻塞很厉害。
2.有关"等待"的用语
We can't wait any longer.
我们不能再等了。(not … any longer= no longer,"不再"的意思)
Sorry I'm late.
对不起,我迟到了。
Now we need to wait for Jim.
现在我们需要等吉姆。
Well, I'm sure he'll be here before long.
我想他很快就到了。
I'm beginning to get angry with him!
我开始生他的气了。
Yes, we can't wait any longer. Let's go without him.
是啊。我们不能再等了。咱们走吧。
3.表示一种情绪或看法
That's terrible!
那太恐怖了!(表示害怕,恐惧心理)
That's a really bad excuse!
这可是个不怎么样的借口。(表示不满)
4.提出建议的方法
Let's have a cup of coffee.
我们来喝杯咖啡。
教材内容分析
本单元是复习单元,我们要复习前面5个单元的所学内容,主要是复习表示过去的时态(过去将来时态和过去完成时态)和动词不定式及定语从句。同时,我们要能就"等人"和"交通"话题进行日常交际。认真学习"Because it's there",培养我们的勇往直前的精神,同时要求掌握里面的重点词汇和习惯用语的用法。本单元通过填空的方式,帮助我们复习了形容词、副词比较等级的用法,以及形容词和副词作修饰语的位置。还复习了so that句型等。本单元的语法功能项目是定语从句,我们在上一单元对此已初步有所了解,应进一步学习它,为我们日后的高中阶段的学习打好基础。

知识讲解
本单元词语例句及相关知识分析
1.mist [mist] n. 雾,其形容词为misty,比较级为mistier,最高级为mistiest。
【例】(l)The accident happened on a misty evening.
事故发生在一个有雾的晚上。
(2)She is lost in the mists of time.
她随着时间消逝被渐渐遗忘。
(3)The distant trees misted over. ( vi. )
远处的树木被罩上了雾霭。
2.alive[E5laiv]adj.活着的,come alive表示"活跃起来",stay alive表示"继续活着;幸存"的意思。
【例】(l)Was the lion alive or dead?
这只狮子是死是活?
(2)He is alive to his own interests.
他对自己的利益很关心。
3.Well, first I was so busy reading a novel that I forgot to look at the time.
句中be busy dong sth是"忙于做某事",而be busy with sth 则是"忙于某事"的意思。forget的过去式为forgot,过去分词为forgotten,其后的宾语可以由不定式充当,也可以由动词的-ing形式来充当,但两者的意思是有区别的。forget to do sth是"忘记做某事",此事还未做;forget doing sth是"忘记了做过某事",此事已做过。
【例】(l)Don't forget to post the letter.
不要忘了寄出这封信。
(2)He has forgotten to pay me.
他忘了付钱给我。
(3)I shall never forget hearing Chaliapin singing the part of Boris Go-dunov.
我永远不会忘记沙利亚宾唱波里·高德诺夫一角。
(4)Forgive and forget.不念旧恶。
4.Now we need to wait for Jim.现在,我们须等等Jim。
need既能作名词,亦能作动词,意思是"需要;必须"。
need既能作情态动词,也能作规则动词。need解释为规则动词的"需要;要"时,相当于want,need+ V-ing = need to be + V - ed
例:It needs rewriting. = It needs to be rewritten. 它需重写.
need解释规则动词的"必要"时,相当于be necessary,通常限用于疑问句及否定句中。
need作情态动词时,相当于must,但语气较弱些。
5.He can visit his sick grandmother. 他可以去探望他生病的祖母。
(1)visit(动词)=go to/and see 看望、访问、游览。
visit亦能作名词,其后常带介词to。
例:visit a friend访友,visit Rome游访罗马,visit at a hotel住在旅馆里,a visiting card名片,a visiting professor客籍教授,pay a visit to = visit, go on a visit to去……游览,be on a visit to = be visiting 正在游览。
(2)sick(仅作表语)恶心、翻胃的;
sick(作表语或定语)生病的,在英国常用ill与unwell,在美国通用。
on sick leave在病假中,sick room病房。
be sick of sth or sb = be tired of 厌倦……
6.I'm sure he will be here before long.我肯定他不久就会来的。"
before long的意思是"不久以后,很快"用于将来时态。而 long before意为"很早以前",用于过去时。例如:
(1)I hope to see you again before long.我希望不久再见到你。
(2)We finished our work long before.我们早就把工作做完了。
7.I'm beginning to get angry with him.我开始生他的气了。
get在本句中当系动词,后跟形容词作表语。意思是"变为……;变得……"。需要注意的是 get angry with与 be angry with虽然汉语意思相同,但前者更强调"由不生气变得生气了"这一过程。例如:
(1)Spring comes, it gets warmer and warmer.春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了。
(2)I hope you will get better soon.我希望你很快就会好多了。
8.Mallory was an English school teacher who loved climbing.
句中who是关系代词,引导的是定语从句,用来修饰前面的先行词teacher。同时,who在定语从句中作主语。因此,不可以省略,可由that来替换。
【例】(1)I didn't see the man who/that stole my bag.
我没有看到偷我包的那个男的。
(2)Most people who/that live in less developed countries are quite poor.
居住在欠发达国家的大部分人民都很贫穷。
9.… but some people wondered whether Mallory and Irvine had got there first.
本句是带有宾语从句的复合句,主句使用了一般过去时态,从句使用的是过去完成时,说明从句的动作在主句的动作之前完成的。wonder用作动词,是"想要知道"的意思,常跟宾语从句。同时它还有"感到惊奇"之意。
【例】(1)I don't wonder at her refusing to marry him.
她拒绝和他结婚,我一点儿也不感到惊异。
(2)I wondered to hear her voice in the next room.
我听到她在隔壁房间的声音,觉得很奇怪。
(3)I wonder what she wants.我想知道她需要什么。
(4)I was wondering how to get there quickly.
我想知道怎么样可以很快地到达那儿。
10.The other members of their climbing team watched as Mallory and Irvine climbed slowly up towards the summit. 登山队的其他成员看着Mallory和Irvine向着峰顶缓慢地攀登着。
(l)climbing team登山队。climbing在这里是动名词,表示目的。所以,climbing team=team for climbing
动名词作定语的其他例子:
walking stick = stick for walking拐杖;sleeping bag = bag for sleeping睡袋;swimming suit = suit for swimming泳装。
(2)as在这里等于when/while。
(3)towards = toward(介词)朝……的方向,但不一定到该处。
to有时相当于towards,但有时有"到"该处的含义。
11. I had never spoken English with an English person before I went to Toronto.去Toronto之前,我从未与英国人用英语交谈过。
(1)speak with sb(暗示"俩人互讲")比speak to sb(暗示"一个讲,另一人听")更为合理一点。
(2)这里的English person应该等于English-speaking person,而非person from England。

典型例题
【例1】 Who is the greatest man___________?
A.alive B.lived C.living D.lives
答案与提示:有些学生可能会把这道题的答案误选为C,而正确答案是A。本题旨在考察alive和living的区别。alive和living都是形容词,都有"活着的;有生气的"之意。alive更多地指人,在句中常作表语或后置定语;living可指人也可指物,在句中作表语或前置定语。正是因为有些考生不了解alive作定语时必须后置,才会犯下错误。因此掌握同义词之间的区别也是很重要的。望同学们在今后的学习中多留心,注意对比。
【例2】按要求改写下列各句,每空一词,缩写词算一词
1. The box is too heavy for me to carry. (改为同义句))
The box is ______ heavy ______ I can't carry it.
2. Where will they spend their summer holidays next year? She didn't know. (改为含有宾语从句的复合句)
She didn't know ________________________ their summer holidays the next year.
3. "Have you returned the books to the library?" she asked me. (改为含有宾语从句的复合句)
She asked me ______ I ____________ the book to the library.
4. Where is the beautiful picture? You bought it last Sunday. (合并为带有定语从句的复合句)
Where is the beautiful picture _______________ last Sunday?
5. He spent two days repairing the radio. (改为同义句)
It ______ him two days ____________ the radip.
答案与提示:
l. so, that(so...that意思是"如此……以致于……"。引导结果状语从句。)
2.where,they,would,spend(主句的主语是一般过去时态,宾语从句中的谓语要用相应的过去时态。该句须用过去将来时态。)
3.if/whether,had,returned(一般疑问句改为宾语从句须用 if或whether引导。该句的主语是一般过去时态,因此句中宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时态。)
4.that/which,you,bought(that/which为关系代词,在定语从句中做宾语可省略。)
5.took,to,repair(spend的主语必须是"人",宾语可以是钱、精力、时间等。其后用on+名词或in(可省略)+动名词形式,不接动词不定式。例如:
He spends a lot of money on books.他平时将很多钱用在买书上。
I spent two hours (in) doing my homework.我做作业用了两个小时的时间。
take表示"花费"时,其主语一般是"一件事"。例如:
It took me ten minutes to go to the post office. 到邮局用去了我十分钟的时间。(it为形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式。)


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