| 人教版 高三10单元语言点教案 |
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Unit 10 American Literature Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision Grammar revision Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar 2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement Teaching materials & focuses: 1. background 距华盛顿州不远的北卡罗来纳州有一个名叫格林斯波罗的小镇。1862年9月11日，小镇里一位不得志的医生和他美丽纤弱的妻子生了一个大眼睛、不大强壮的孩子。谁也不曾想到，在19世纪末20世纪初，这个孩子以欧·亨利的笔名平步文坛，成为一个深受美国和世界读者喜欢的伟大小说家，并且在百年之后仍然保持着长久的影响和魅力。 欧·亨利的人生之路崎岖、艰苦而又不幸，他三岁丧母，15岁就走向社会，从事过牧童、药剂师、事、办事员、制图员、出纳员等多种职业。1889年，他和罗琦不顾她父母的反对私奔成婚，并在年轻妻子鼓励下走上创作道路，创办《滚石》杂志，发表幽默小品。后来，他因挪用银行资金被判五年徒刑。出狱后，他迁居纽约专门从事写作，每周为世界报提供一个短篇，但因第二次婚姻的不幸，加之饮酒过度，终于1910年6月5日在纽约病逝。 19世纪80年代至20世纪初的美国，随着资本主义逐渐向垄断发展，各种社会矛盾日益显露突出。欧·亨利长期生活在下层，形形色色的社会现象使他对这些矛盾心感身受。曲折的人生、丰富的经历、独特的视角和敏锐的观察，使他情不自禁地把社会的各种现象形象地概括在自己的作品中，如下层劳动群众生活的贫穷艰辛，道貌岸然的上流骗子，巧取豪夺的金融寡头，肆无忌惮的买卖官爵，小偷、强盗、流浪汉的生活，以及失业、犯罪等等。对贫民他充满了同情，对资产阶级剥削者从不同角度予以批判与揭露，道出了下层劳动群众对剥削、压迫的愤怒反抗与心声。 欧·亨利一生创作了270多个短篇小说和一部长篇小说，还有数量很少的诗歌。欧·亨利的诗歌创作反映了他对自然、人生所面临的社会矛盾的态度，他写小鸟、古老的村庄，歌颂流浪者，以阴郁的笔调吟颂“唱催眠曲的男孩”，抨击不合理的社会现象。但因数量少、成就不大，因而影响很小。相反，他的许多书信倒是精彩的随笔，他同编辑谈生活，谈创作，表达作者的生活态度和创作思想。欧·亨利的代表作品是《麦琪的礼物》、《警察与赞美诗》和《最后一片叶子》。其著名小说还有《黄雀在后》、《市政报告》、《配供家具的客房》、《双料骗子》等，真实准确的细节描写，生动简洁的语言使一系列栩栩如生的艺术形象展现在读者面前，也使他在世界短篇小说史上占有重要位置。有人曾将他比做“美国的莫泊桑”，这是有其道理的。 幽默是美国的文学传统之一。从华盛顿·欧文开始，许多作家都善于写那些有趣可笑而又意味深长的故事。欧文的幽默是在善意的揶揄之中含有淡淡的讽刺；马克·吐温的幽默以充满俚语的口语，滑稽、俏皮的描写和极夸张的形象，揭示了生活中的真理；欧文·肖的幽默则在注重描述人物性格的幽默风趣上。欧·亨利承袭这一传统，受同时代作家的影响，加之一生经历坎坷，使得他独特的幽默与众不同——充满了辛酸的笑声，在夸张、嘲讽、风趣、诙谐、机智的幽默之中，含有抑郁、凄楚的情绪。读《麦琪的礼物》让人苦笑，读《警察与赞美诗》让人悲凉辛酸。这种“含泪的微笑”，加深了作品的社会意义，具有长久的艺术魅力。 Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision Grammar revision Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar 2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement Teaching materials & focuses: 2. at a time adv. 每次, 逐一，依次 We had to go and see the headmaster one at a time. 我们得逐一去见校长。 She ran up the stairs two at a time. 她一步两阶地跑上楼梯。 注意与at one time 的区别。 3. work vi. 正常运转 如： You should check that the smoke alarm is working properly. 你要确保火警系统运转正常。 Vt. Do you know how to work a lathe? 你知道怎样开机床吗？ 其他意义： 1. 有效 you need to find which method works best for you. 你需要弄清楚哪种方法对你最有效。 They are testing a drug that works against some types of cancer. 他们正在测试一种能治疗某些癌症的药物。 ２。 行。 如： I don’t think the scene with the horses really works, do you? 我认为有马的场面不好， 你怎么认为？ （３）。 适合 The color combination just doesn’t work for me. 这种颜色组合不适合我。 比较：do 的用法 适合，足够（be suitable/enough） The shoes won’t do for the party. --Can you lend me some money? –Will $20 do? The box will do find as a table. 习语：It won’t do. 那不行，那不合适。 This is the third time you’ve been late this week; it simply won’t do. Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision Grammar revision Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar 2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement Teaching materials & focuses: 4. bearing the name Bear : 载运；带走 负荷；负重 有；显示 （对某人）怀有（情感） 适合于 生（孩子） 生产（农作物或水果） Different trees bear different fruits. 什么样的树结什么样的果。 忍受 He bears a grudge against me because I took his place in the office. 他对我怀恨在心,因为我取代了他在办公室里的位置。 to bear pain 忍痛 bear in mind 牢记在心 You must bear in mind that your parents hope to depend on you to become a good doctor. 你要记住你的父母指望你成为一名好医生。 5. expense 用法 Vt/vi. n. 花费；支出 expense account 支出帐目 What are the expenses of moving house? 搬家的花销是多少？ at sb.'s expense 由某人付钱 at one’s own expense 自费， at great/considerable/vast expense花费很大， Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision Grammar revision Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar 2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement Teaching materials & focuses: 6. Attend to 处理，照顾 I may be late. I have got one or two things to attend to. 我可能会晚一些，有一两件事要处理一下。 Are you being attend to, sir? 先生，有人在招呼你吗？ man must attend to matters of the yard. 男人必须照顾院子。 attend a meeting [lecture] 出席会议[听演讲, 听课] attend a wedding [a funeral] 参加婚礼[葬礼] attend school [church] 上学[教堂] attend to 倾听, 注意, 留心 关心, 照顾, 护理; 办理 7. Many happy hours had she spent planning for something nice for him. 这种倒装句属于“强调需要的倒装”。“强调需要的倒装”中，分为1.谓语置于句首的倒装，2.表语置于句首的倒装，3.宾语置于句首的倒装，4.状语置于句首的倒装。如： 1..Yield he would not. 2. I’m going back to Washington to fight for it, believe you me. 3. Present at the meeting were Professor Smith, Professor Brown, Sir Hugh and many other celebrities. 4. For be it from me to condemn him in any way. 3. So say the rest of us. “Yes,” said the youth shortly. 4. Often had she intended to speak of this. 5. Only then could the work of reconstruction be begun. 8. take pride in 以。。。为荣 She took great pride in her appearance. 她对自己的外表感到自豪。 近义：Be proud of 9. to its full length We walked the length of the street. 我们走完了整条街。 At length 终于，详尽地 At length we came back. 我们终于回来了。 We have already discussed the matter at great length. 我们已经详细地讨论了这件事。 10. hesitate犹豫；踌躇（常用搭配：hesitate about/over, hesitate to do ） She hesitated over the choice between the two blouses for her daughter. 这两件短恤衫她拿不定主意究竞挑哪一件给她女儿。 "We do not hesitate to give our lives for our country, let alone suffer some hardships." "我们不惜为国献身,更不必说吃点苦了。" Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision Grammar revision Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar 2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement Teaching materials & focuses: 11. 多个形容词修饰一个名词的用法。 多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --出处--材料性质，类别--名词 a small round table; a tall gray building; a dirty old brown shirt; a famous German medical school; an expensive Japanese sports car 典型例题: 1） Tony is going camping with ___ boys. A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two 答案：C。由"限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --性质--名词"的公式可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有C符合答案。 2) One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old 答案A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词，他们的排列顺序是：年龄，形状，大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。 3) ---- How was your recent visit to Qingdao? ---- It was great. We visited some friends，and spent the ___days at the seaside. A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last 答案：B。本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的重要性差不多，音节少的形容词在前，音节多的方在后，在不能确定时，可参照下表： 限定词+数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+ those + three + beautiful + large + square 新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词 old + brown + wood + table 12. a flight of stairs （阶梯的）一段 n. 飞行；飞翔 to study the flight of birds 研究鸟的飞翔 飞行距离 航空旅行, 班机飞行的鸟群 Did you have a good flight? 乘机旅行愉快吗？ The (airplane) flight took three hours. 飞行持续了三个小时。 flight Number CA933 to Paris 去巴黎的CA933班机 a flight of pigeons 一群飞鸽 Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision Grammar revision Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar 2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement Teaching materials & focuses: 13. be worthy of 值得 A couple of other books are worthy of mention. 其他几本书也值得一提。 worthy of help 值得帮忙的 He is worthy of our praise. 他值得我们表扬。 worth 的用法 worth, worthy, worthwhile都是形容词，意为"值得"。 1. worth： be worth + n. 当名词为金钱时，表示"…… 值得……" 常见的有It ’s worth while to do./ It ’s worth（someone’s）while doing be worth doing sth. "……某事值得被做" The question is not worth discussing again and again. 这问题不值得反复讨论。 2. worthy：be worthy of +n. 当名词为抽象名词时表示"……值得……" be worthy to be done "某事值得被做" The question is not worthy to be discussed again and again. 3. worthwhile： be worthwhile to do sth "值得做某事" It is worthwhile to ask him to join the club.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。 典型例题 It is not ____ to discuss the question again and again. A. worth B. worthy C. worthwhile D. worth while 答案C. 由worth的用法可知，此句只适合词组be worthwhile to do sth.。选C。 Integrating skills 1. turn pale 看turn 用法 使变成 to turn red 变红 She turned her house into a shop. 她把房子改成了商店。 She turned doctor after her graduation. 她毕业后成为了一名医生 2. be fixed upon 注意力集中于。。。 My attention was fixed on Brassnose, the biggest and strongest of us. 3. be prepared for 为。。。做好准备 the government was probably prepared for elections by mid-1958. 4. stare at 盯着看 Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision Grammar revision Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar 2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement Teaching materials & focuses: 5. cut off 砍掉，切掉 引申：cut across 取捷径；走近路 cut back 剪枝；修剪 减少；缩小；削减 to cut back on industrial production 缩减工业生产 cut down 砍倒；砍伤；砍死 to cut down a tree with an axe 用斧头把树砍倒 减少；减低 to cut down on smoking 减少抽烟 cut in 插嘴 Don't cut in while I'm talking. 我说话时别插嘴。 超车抢挡；（突然）插入 to cut in on a queue 加塞儿 cut out 剪除；切掉；割掉 停止；放弃 to cut out smoking 戒烟 cut up 切碎 使受苦 Jean was really cut up when her husband left her. 在丈夫抛弃她之后，简痛苦极了。 6. tear at 常用搭配：tear up 撕裂，撕毁，tear away ／apart撕开，撕掉，分裂 in tears 哭泣；流着泪 7. break out in tears=burst out tears爆发 in tears 哭泣，流着泪 Tom said he almost burst into tears, he was so disappointed. Karen burst out laughing. 卡伦突然大笑起来。 8. at length 详尽地，终于 In the process he writes at length about many related matters. She at length was able to encourage him to participate in more social activity. 9. put away 收起，放回原处，积蓄，攒钱 I’m just going to put the car away. 我正准备把汽车开进车库。 She has a few thousand dollars put away for her retirement. 她为退休生活攒了几千元钱。 引申：put aside 忽视，不理睬，攒钱 Put back 将。。。放回，延缓 Put down 记下，镇压，平定，放下 Put forward 推荐，荐举，提出，建议，将时钟拨快 Put off 推迟 Put on 穿上 Put out 生产，制造，熄灭，扑灭 Put up 住宿，张贴 Put up with 忍受 I am not going to put up with their smoking any longer. 我再也不能容忍他们抽烟了。 10. at present 目前 |
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