人教版 高三 Unit 14 语言点讲解
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Unit 14 Zoology
Warming up
1. Match the words above with the humorous definitions below.
match vt./vi. 与。。。相配，与。。。相同，将。。。配对
The doors were painted blue to match the walls. 门漆成了蓝色，为的是与墙的颜色相配。
None of these glasses match. 这些杯子没有能配对儿的。
As a couple they are not very well matched作为夫妻他们并不十分般配。
n. 火柴，比赛，敌手，旗鼓相当的人，般配的人或物，相同的东西
I was no match for him at tennis. 打网球我不是他的对手。
I was his match at tennis. 打网球我跟他旗鼓相当。
The curtains and carpet are a good match. 窗帘和地毯非常相配。
Jo and Ian are a perfect match for each other. 乔和伊恩真是天造地设的一对儿。
区别 match, suit , fit
Match 多指大小，颜色，形状，性质等方面搭配。
Suit 多指合乎需要，口味，性格，条件，地位等。
Fit 多指大小，形状合适。
如：The People’s Great Wall and Historical Museum match the Tian’anmen beautifully.
No dish suits all tastes. 没有人人都合口味的菜。
The new coats fits me well. 这件新衣服我穿着大小正合适。
2. get hold of 抓住
引申：catch/get/lay/seize/keep hold of 抓住，握住，捕捉，获得
Lose hold of 松手放走。
Hold back 拦阻，阻挡, 隐瞒；抑制，控制情感等； 踌躇
Hold off 延迟，推迟
Hold on 等一下，坚持，挺住
Hold out 维持，坚持，伸手
Hold up 阻碍，举出例子，提出。。。为榜样。
3. take turns doing 轮流做某事
take turns (in sth / to do sth) 依次。轮流
The male and female birds take turns in sitting on the eggs. 雄鸟和雌鸟轮流伏窝。
We take it in turns to do the housework. 我们轮流做家务。
in turn 依次，轮流，相应地，转而
The children called out their names in turn. 孩子们依次报出自己的名字。
Increased production will, in turn, lead to increased profits.增加生产会继而增加利润。
By turns adv. 轮流, 交替
Beneath her external calm, she raged and felt frightened by turns.
Reading
1. Among the different kinds of bee, it is the honey-bee that has interested scientists most because of the “language ” they use to communicate with each other.
★★ 强调句的一些练习：
(1) 以一般疑问句出现
Was ___ that I saw last night at the concert?
A it you B not you C you D that yourself
(2) 以特殊疑问句形式出现
____ is it ____ has made Peter ___ he is today?
A What; that; that B That; that ; what C What; what; that D What; that ; what
(3) 以名词性从句形式出现
I’ve already forgotten ____ you put the dictionary.
A that it was there B where was it that C that where it was D where it was that
(4) 与定语从句相结合
It was in the lab ____ was taken charge of by Professor Harris _________ they did the experiment.
 A which ; that B that; what C whom; that D which; where
(5) 与not ..until 句型结合
It was not until it got dark that I left.
另外，注意与有it 的定语从句相区别：
It was midnight when he came back.
It was at midnight that he came back.
2. He built a transparent wall through which he could observe what went on inside.
Go on 的用法：
vi. 向前进行
We were all tired, so we couldn’t go on.我们都精疲力尽，无法前进。
继续 (go on doing sth, go on with sth go on to do ）
I couldn’t finish my homework so I have to go on with it.
He went on working without taking a rest.
Time is limited, so let’s go on to the next subject. 时间有限，我们进入下一个主题吧。
（事件等）发生
It sounds as if there is a fight going on upstairs. 楼上好象有人打架。
(时间) 经过，过去
As the days went on it grew colder. 日子一天天过去， 天气越来越冷。
3. observe vt. 观察, 观测, 遵守, （搭配：observe sb do/doing sth）
observe the speed limit; 遵守速度限制；
observe a child's behavior. 观察一个孩子的行为
One must observe the rules. 我们(任何人)必须遵守规则。
4. In order to tell the bees apart, he painted some bees with little dots of color.
Tell apart 识别，辨别 如：
The twins are so much alike that we can hardly tell them apart. 这对双胞胎太像了，我们几乎分不出来谁是谁。
▲ tell … apart tell A from B tell the difference between A and B
distinguish A from/and B make a distinction between A and B
你能区别开简和露丝吗？
Can you tell Jane and Lucy apart? Can you tell Jane from Lucy?
Can you tell the difference between Jane and Lucy? Can you distinguish Jane and/from Lucy?
Can you make a distinction between Jane and Lucy?
5. They trooped behind the first dancer, copying its movements.
Troop 用法n. [常用复]军队, 部队 一群; 大量; 许多;
a troop of students on a field trip; 一群郊游的学生；
the enemy troops have been driven out of the country. 敌军被赶出了国土。
vi. 一组成群结队地走, 排队前进 (along, in, out, to)
They trooped away to the football game. 他们成群地去看足球。
The students trooped into the auditorium. 学生们列队走入大礼堂。
6. They discovered that the farther away the feeding station was, the slower the dance was.
The +形容词/副词比较级。。。， the +形容词/副词比较级， 意思是越。。。就越
The higher we stand, the farther we see. 站得越高，看得越远。
The sooner you do it, the better it will be. 越早越好。
7. So another astonishing fact came to light. 于是又发现了另外一个令人惊讶的的情况。
Come to light 被人知道（发现）显露，暴露，被发现
New facts about ancient Egypt have recently come to light. 最近有一些关于古代埃及的事实被发现了。
bring …to light 将…曝光，揭露
throw/cast light on/ upon 使明白，解释
see the light =finally understand
set light to sth.=light
1.The new facts _______________ on the matter. 那些新事实使这个问题更明朗化。
2.New evidence has recently _________________. 最近发现了新的证据。
3.His past was____________________. 他的往事被揭发了。
8. warn sb. of sth.
against/about doing
(not) to do
that clause
The doctor warned him of the danger of smoking.
against smoking.
not to smoke.
smoking is harmful to health.
9. 高考中考查比较级的重要句型
　　考点说明：比较级有许多热点句型：from bad to worse/worse and worse(每况愈下)；more and more (越来越多的，越来越……)；the +比较级，the+比较级(越……越……)； to make the matter worse/what's worse/worse than all/worse than ever (更糟糕的是)等。
　　典型题例：
　　1.________the temperature, ________ water turns into steam.
A. The high; the fast B. Higher; faster 　　
C. The more higher; the faster 　　D. The higher; the faster
　　2. In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go, ________. (NMET2001上海)
　　A. our holiday will be better 　　B. our holiday will be the better
　　C. the better our holiday will be　　D. the better will our holiday be
　　3. As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn,________. (NMET2002上海)
　　A. the more for life are you equipped 　　B. the more equipped for life you are
　　C. the more life you are equipped for 　　D. you are equipped the more for life
方法揭秘：分析语境含义和句子结构看是否符合"the+比较级，the+比较级"句型的需要。
10. clarify vt. 澄清 ，阐明
clarify matters 澄清真相 clarify one's position 澄清某人的立场
clarify butter. 使奶油纯净 clarify the mind. 理清想法
Even the professor couldn't clarify the knotty point. 甚至教授也无法解决这个棘手问题。
Integrating skills
1. it ;that; one 做替代词的用法
1）it 代替的是前面提到的同一事物。所代的名词可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。
如： he cast his net for the first time, and drew in the body of an animal. 他撒第一网的时候打上来的是一头动物的尸体。
Hibernations is more than sleep. It is a very deep sleep. 冬眠不同于睡觉，它是一种更深沉的睡眠。
2）one 或ones 代替前面提到同名事物中任何一个。 其前面可以有冠词。 还可以被this, that, 或形容词修饰，后面可以有定语。
The population problem may be the greatest one of the world today. 人口问题可能是世界最大问题。
Which jacket is yours? The white one.
3) that 代替前面提到的名词中特指的事物，可以指代可数名词或不可数名词。
The doctor in our school is younger than that in their school.
The weather of this week is worse than that of last week.
The quality of iron produced in your factory is better than that in their factory.
4) 如果前面提到的名词是复数名词，则用they , them. Ones, those 代替。
What’s in these cups? ---There is some tea in them.
He thought it over carefully and concluded that heavy objects always fell faster than light one.
Those weren’t the right men, professor.
5) it 和that可以代替前面整个句子。而one 不能。
---We’ll try our best to catch them. ---It’s not necessary, sir.
Dr Brown said they had talked about my invention. But that was not possible.
6) 间或it 可以先出现， 用来代替后面分句中的某一名词或整个分句的意思， 而 one that 不能。
2. except , except for, except that, except when…
All came except Jane.
except for 例句：
He is a good man except for hot temper.
And now it's almost finished, except for one last job.
Except for Governmental action, there will be no increase in the cost of your holiday.
except that例句
You'd have thought they were best friends or something, except that girls don't have proper friends the way boys do.
I'm of medium height, fairly well-built except that my breasts are rather small.
except when例句
There is a very real danger that Venetian churches will be forced to close to the public except when services are being conducted.
But I've never been able to write except when I was stone cold sober.
3. conduct vt. 进行 引导， 带领， 牵引 指挥 导（电） 表现 处理， 经营， 实施
conduct both domestic and foreign affairs 搞国内外事务
conduct an experiment 做实验
conduct a survey 进行侦察
conduct an opera 指挥乐曲
conduct oneself in a most gracious manner 表现得极为温文尔雅
conduct one's private affairs 处理私事
Curator conducted the visitors round the museum. 馆长领着游客们在博物馆中参观。
Copper conducts electricity better than other materials. 铜导电比其它材料好。
He conducts himself well. 他行为端正。

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