| 汉英口译分类词汇（04）--政治政府词汇 |
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按保护价敞开收购粮食的政策a policy of purchasing grain without limitations at protective prices 把处理事与处理人结合起来integrate the handling of cases with the handling of violators 把有限的资金用在“刀刃上” use our limited funds where they can be put to best use 保持经济适度快速增长maintain an appropriate rapid economic growth 保监会the China Insurance Regulatory Commission 保证国家的长治久安guarantee China’s long-term stability 保证社会公共需要guarantee social needs 保证这些项目如期建成并发挥效益ensure that these projects are completed according to schedule and yield economic returns 避免形成倒逼机制、欲罢不能The uncompleted projects cannot drag on and on and require excessive investment. 不合法、不合理基金和收费项目illegal and unjustifiable funds and charges 不会导致货币过量发行without causing overissue of currency 不进则退 no progress simply means regression 不良贷款 non- performing loans 不能搞赤字预算cannot leave a deficit in their budgets 不再经商no longer engage in trade 财政偿还能力our ability to service debt 财政的承受能力financial capacity 财政监督条例the Regulations on Financial Supervision 财政日子将更加难过We will be in financial straits. 财政收入占国内生产总值的比重the ratio of revenue to GDP 财政收支基本平衡的原则a principle of maintaining a basic balance between revenue and expenditures 财政资金申请、立项、拨付、使用效果等各个环节的监督supervision over the whole process of fund allocation from application, project determination and actual allocation to returns on investment 拆迁补偿费compensation for demolition 产权划转和产权变动the transfer of and changes in property rights of enterprises 产销衔接状况the ratio of sales to production 产业升级upgrade industries 长江流域的生态掩体an ecological shelter along the Yangtze River Valley 长江三峡和黄河小浪底水利枢纽工程the key water projects at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River and at Xiaolangdi on the Yellow River 长期国债long-term government bonds 常务委员Standing Committee member 车辆购置税暂行条例the Interim Regulations on the Tax on Vehicle Purchases 成长型企业市场 （指二板市场）growing enterprise market (GEM) 城乡电网改造projects for upgrading urban and rural power grids 城镇登记失业率registered unemployment rate in cities and towns 城镇社会保障体系 urban social security system 城镇职工医疗保险制度改革medical insurance for urban workers 城镇住房制度改革reform of the urban housing system 出口配额export quotas 传统产业conventional industries 创新体系an innovation system 垂直管理vertical management 从源头上、制度上堵塞漏洞plug up loopholes in terms of their sources and systems 促进公平分配promote fair distribution of social wealth 村村通广播电视工程project “extend radio and TV coverage to every village” 存款准备金reserves against deposit 大部分科技力量游离于企业和市场之外a majority of scientific personnel being divorced from enterprises and the market 大力推进粮食流通体制改革step up our efforts to promote the reform of the grain distribution system 大面积多光区光纤光谱天文望远镜a large sky area multi-object fiber-spectroscopy telescope 贷款质量5级分类办法five-category assets classification for bank loans 邓小平理论 Deng Xiaoping Theory 低水平重复建设low-level redundant development 滴灌、喷灌drip irrigation and spray irrigation 抵抗全球经济衰退 to combat the global economic slump 地方性中小金融机构存款保险制度a deposit insurance system for local small and medium-sized financial institutions 电视会议televised meeting 调控宏观经济运行regulate operation of the macroeconomy 调整出口退税adjustments in the level of export tax rebates 调整投资结构和经济结构the restructuring of investment and the economy 堵塞漏洞plug up loopholes 对卷烟全面推行核定计税价格征收消费税办法fully levy a sales tax on cigarettes on the basis of an authorized tax valuation 对人民高度负责的态度maintain a high sense of responsibility 对中西部地区适当倾斜appropriately directed to the central and western areas of the country 夺取了抗洪抢险的伟大胜利achieve great victory in the fight against floods 发挥出最大的效益produce the best possible results 发挥最大的使用效益yield the greatest returns on investment 反对铺张浪费combat extravagance and waste 防范和化解金融风险guard against and defuse financial risks 防范金融风险能力ability to guard against financial risks 防止“重点支出重点浪费” prevent “more waste in more expenditures” 非办不可的大事important tasks which must be accomplished 非国有工业企业non-state industrial enterprises 非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions 费改税改革 tax-for-fees reform 分配货币化distribution of money 分税制度财政体制the revenue-sharing system 风险防范机制a risk prevention mechanism 服从全局、服务全局be subordinated to and serve the overall interests of the country 复杂多变的国内经济环境complicated and volatile economic environment both at home and abroad 改革价格形成机制reform the price formation mechanism 干堤的修复加固任务the task of repairing and reinforcing the main dikes 干法旋窑水泥dry-process rotary kilns 敢抓敢管、不讲情面 have the courage to bear their responsibilities and exercise management no matter what others might think 高等教育“211工程” the “211” Project for higher education 高技术产业发展规划 plans for the development of high-tech industries 高技术产业化 apply high technology to production 高技术产业化示范工程 high-tech model projects to demonstrate their commercial viability 高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻'三个代表'重要思想hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of 'Three Represents' 高清晰度电视功能样机 functional prototype of high definition TV 个人所得税法 the Law on Personal Income Tax 个体经济、私营经济 self-employed and private businesses 各地区经济发展的客观需要 the needs of the economic development of different regions 各级各类教育 all forms of education at all levels 各种“小金库”屡禁不止 failures to prohibit unauthorized departmental coffers repeatedly 各种偷税、骗税和逃税行为 all acts of tax evasion and tax fraud 工程质量事故 accidents resulting from poor quality of projects 工业增加值 industrial added value 公开市场操作 open-market operations 共建、调整、合作、合并 a program of joint development, adjustment, cooperation and mergers 购买力 purchasing power 鼓励兼并 encourage mergers 关心群众疾苦 help alleviate their hardships 规范管理 standardized administration 规范化的财政管理 standardized financial management 规范破产 standardize bankruptcy procedures 规范税制 standardize the tax system 国际公认 internationally recognized 国际通行的吸引外资方式 internationally accepted methods of absorbing foreign investment 国家财政包揽过多 The state finance takes on too much financial burden. 国家发展计划委员会the State Development Planning Commission 国家确定的重点领域投资 investment in the key areas designated by the state 国家税源的大量流失 great loss of state revenue 国家重点科研项目 national key scientific research projects 国库券 treasury bonds 国民经济各方面 all sectors of the national economy 国民生产总值 gross national product (GNP) 国内短缺原材料和资源性产品 raw and semi-finished materials and resource products which are in short supply in China 国有独资商业银行 wholly state-funded commercial bank 国有企业改革reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业和集体企业资本金统计报告制度 a system for reporting statistics on the capital funds of state-owned and collectively-owned enterprises 国有企业重组 regroup SOEs 国有商业银行一级法人管理 management of the state-owned commercial banks with only their head offices as their legal persons 国有资产管理、监督和营运机制 management, supervision and operation of state-owned assets 国有资源有偿使用 paid use of state-owned resources 国债资金 the capital obtained from issuance of government bonds 过剩的生产能力 excessive production capacity 海峡两岸关系 cross-Strait relations 合同管理制 contract management system 黑市交易 black market transaction in foreign exchanges 很多上海企业涌向西部，掀起了去西部的淘金热。 Many enterprises of Shanghai go on a 'gold-rush' spree in the western parts of China. 宏观调控目标 macro-control targets 宏观经济预期目标 macroeconomic targets 会计法 the Accounting Law 会计信息质量抽查公告制度 the system for publicizing the results of random inspections for the quality of accounting information 积极的财政政策 a proactive fiscal policy 基本养老保险省级统筹 unified basic old-age insurance at the provincial level 基层监督grass-roots supervision 基础设施建设 construction of infrastructural facilities 缉私 suppress smuggling 稽察特派员 special inspectors 及时、足额发放 timely and full funding of pension 急需安排的重点支出 urgently needed expenditures for key construction projects 挤占、挪用财政投资 misappropriation or diversion of financial investment 技术密集型产业 technology-intensive industries 加大处罚力度 severely punish those who violate the law and discipline 加大宏观调控力度 tighten macro-control 加大转移支付力度 increase transfer payments 加工贸易 trade involving the processing of supplied raw materials 加快经济结构调整 accelerate economic restructuring 加强军队和政权建设 strengthen army building and the organs of political power 加强征管、堵塞漏洞、惩治腐败、清缴欠税”的方针the principle of “tightening collection and management, plugging up loopholes, punishing corruption and clearing up overdue taxes” 价格法 the Price Law 价格歧视 price discrimination 坚持解放思想、实事求是的思想路线，弘扬与时俱进的精神adhere to the ideological guideline of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, and upholds the spirit of advancing with time. 坚定信心 proceed with confidence 坚决不搞重复建设 prohibit redundant projects 坚决杜绝劣质工程 prohibit inferior projects 艰苦奋斗、勤俭建国 hard work, plain living and building up the country through thrift 减轻企业负担 lighten the burden on enterprises 减人增效 increase efficiency by downsizing payrolls 减少福利型、供给型、实物型分配reduce distribution in the form of welfare, supply and kind 减员增效 downsize staffs and improve efficiency 剪彩仪式ribbon-cutting ceremonies 建立公共财政的基本框架 establish the basic framework for a system of public finance 建设文明幸福家庭 the development of civilized and happy families 健全项目法人责任制 the system of holding the legal person responsible for projects 讲排场、摆阔气、比享受 ostentatious behavior and pleasure-seeking 降低银行存贷款利率 lower bank interest rates for savings deposits and loans, 节能、节水、节地和低污染新型材料new building materials that help to save energy, water and land resources and cause less environmental pollution 金融体制改革 reform of the financial system 金融资产管理公司 financial asset management companies 进出口商品结构 pattern of imports and exports 经济不发达地区 economically underdeveloped areas 经济发展后劲 future economic growth 经济房 low-cost housing 经营收费 operating charges 精打细算 meticulous plan all expenditures 精心设计 meticulous design 九届全国人大四次会议the Fourth Session of the Ninth National People's Congress 九届全国政协常委递补委员 by-elect members to the Standing Committee of the Ninth CPPCC National Committee 就业问题 the problem of employment 具有税收性质的政府性基金或专项性收费 government funds and special charges of a tax nature 绝不能花钱大手大脚 absolutely cannot spend money lavishly 军队、武警部队、政法机关与企业脱钩the army, armed police and procuratorial, judicial and public security organs have severed their ties with enterprises 开拓城乡市场 develop urban and rural markets 开拓农村消费市场 develop consumer markets in rural areas 抗洪救灾 fight floods and provide disaster relief 科技成果转化 the commercialization of research findings 科技发展基金 a science and technology development fund 科教兴国战略 the strategy of invigorating China through the development of science and education 科学技术进步 scientific and technological progress 科学论证 scientific verification 科学有效的收入组织机制 a scientific and effective mechanism for collecting revenue 可持续发展战略 the strategy of sustainable development 可支配收入 disposable income 肯定成绩 affirm our achievements 控制在国民经济可以承受的范围之内 keep within the limits of the national economic strength 跨省区分行trans-provincial or trans-regional branches 亏损企业 loss-generating enterprises 扩大内需，刺激消费 expand/ increase domestic demand and stimulate consumption 扩大住房贷款，助学贷款和大件消费品贷款expand housing loans, student loans and major commodity loans 拉动经济增长stimulate economic growth 来之不易hard-won achievements 浪费资源 resource-wasting 劳动力市场 the labor market 劳动者素质的提高 improve the quality of laborers 老工业基地 old industrial bases 离退休人员基本养老金 basic pensions for retirees 离退休人员养老金 pensions to retired employees 理顺税、费、价三者关系 straighten out the relationships among taxes, charges and prices 厉行节约 practice economy 粮食流通体制改革 reform of the grain distribution system 粮食市场的宏观调控能力 the state’s capacity for macro-control of the grain market 粮食政策性补贴 policy-related grain subsidies 两大历史性课题（提高党的执政能力和领导水平、提高拒腐防变和抵御风险能力）the two major historic subjects of enhancing the abilities of administration and art of leadership and resisting corruption, guarding against degeneration and warding off risks. 林区 forested areas 零基预算制度 a zero-base budgeting system 漏征漏管户 tax dodgers 面对严峻挑战 meet the serious challenge 民族地区 regions inhabited by ethnic groups 名优产品 famous brand high-quality products 牟取暴利price hikes for exorbitant profits 年度国家预算annual State budge 农村电网改造projects to upgrade rural power grids 农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural workers 起草社会治安法drafting a social security law 全国人大常务委员会 the NPC Standing Committee 全国人大代表deputy to the National People's Congress 全国人民代表大会 (简称 全国人大) National People's Congress (NPC) 全国人民代表大会常务委员会 the NPC Standing Committee 全国人民代表大会常务委员会办公厅the general offices of the NPC Standing Committee 全国人民代表大会主席团 the NPC Presidium 全国政协委员 member of the national committee of CPPCC 全面推进党的建设的新的伟大工程forge ahead with the new great project of Party building 全体会议plenary meeting 权贵资本主义'(又译裙带资本主义或亲朋好友资本主义) crony capitalism 人均国内生产总值per-capita gross domestic product (GDP) 弱势群体 disadvantaged groups (对弱势群体给予特殊的就业援助。--Special employment assistance should be given to members of disadvantaged groups.) 三个代表 three represents theory (the Party must always represent the requirements of the development of China's advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China's advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China.) 三讲教育：讲学习，讲政治，讲正气three emphases education (to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct) 三峡工程Three-Gorges Project 三峡移民Migrants from Three Gorges area 生计问题 bread-and butter issue 生态建筑 ecological construction 使大多数亏损企业扭亏为盈 bring the majority of money-losing firms into the black 试点项目 pilot project 特困行业和企业industries and enterprises in dire straits 退耕还林、还草工程Grain for Green Project 网络公司 a web-based economy 西部大开发the strategy of developing the western region 西电东送 transmission of electricity from the western to the eastern region 下岗工人基本生活津贴the basic living allowance for laid-off workers 下岗职工基本生活费subsistence allowances for laid-off workers 现代远程教育modern distance education 宪法修正案 amendments to the Constitution 乡镇企业 township enterprises 小组讨论 panel discussions/group discussions 新闻发布会 press conference 医保制度改革Reform of medical insurance system 医疗改革 health care reform 隐形就业 hidden employment 有中国特色的社会主义民主政治socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics 与时俱进 advance with the times 再就业下岗人员re-employment of laid-off workers 增收节支increase revenue and cut government expenditure 债转股 debt-to-equity swap 政府工作报告government's work report 政府机构改革Reform of government institutions 制定反贪法规anti-corruption legislation 中共中央委员会CPC Central Committee 中国共产党第十六次全国代表大会 16th National Congress of Communist Party of China (16th NCCPC) 中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会 （简称 全国政协） National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) 中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会 Standing committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC 中国政协委员 member of the National Committee of CPPCC 中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 重庆（直辖）市 China's Chongqing Municipality 诸国议会同盟Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) 资源丰富的内陆地区（指中国西部）the resource-rich hinterland 综合国力 overall national strength Chinese Governmental Sections after the Adminitrative Transformation 1、 外交部 Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2、 国防部 Ministry of National Defence 3、 国家发展计划委员会 State Development Planning Commission 4、 国家经济计划委员会 State Economy and Trade Commission 5、 教育部 Ministry of Education 全国高考 the National College Entrance Examination 6、 科学技术部 Ministry of Science and Technology 7、 国防科学技术工业委员会 Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defence 8、 国家民族事务委员会 State Ethnic Affairs Commission 9、 公安部 Ministry of Public Security 10、国家安全部 Ministry of State Security 11、监察部 Ministry of Supervision 12、民政部 Ministry of Civil Affairs 13、司法部 Ministry of Justice 14、财政部 Ministry of Finance 15、人事部 Ministry of Personnel 16、劳动和社会保障部 Ministry of Labour and Social Security 17、国土资源部 Ministry of Land and Resources 18、建设部 Ministry of Construction 19、铁道部 Ministry of Railways 20、交通部 Ministry of Communications 21、信息产业部 Ministry of Information Industry 22、水利部 Ministry of Water Resources 23、农业部 Ministry of Agricultry 24、对外贸易经济合作部 Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation 25、文化部 Ministry of Culture 26、卫生部 Ministry of Health 27、国家计划生育委员会 State Family Planning Commission 28、中国人民银行 The People's Bank of China 29、审计署 National Auditing Administration 相关链接：教学论文
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