英语一轮复习讲稿Units 1&2, Book I
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广德二中2006届高考总复习
I. 词汇
A. 单词：honest; loyal; wise; smart; argue; fond; match; fry; saw; rope; movie; cast; survive; deserted; hunt; share; lie; adventure; error; closet; pronounce; broad; repeat; majority; total; equal; situation; trade; international; organization; government; tourism; communicate; exchange; service; signal; tidy; stand; independent; publish; expression; compare.
B. 短语：hunt for; in order to; care about; drop sb. a line; argue about sth.; even though; as … as possible; in total; make oneself at home; except for; stay up; end up with; a great many; the number of; more and more.
II. 重点精讲
A. 重点单词
1. match: match可用作动词和名词。作动词时，主要义项有：与……一致；和……相似；和……相配（称）；比得过。主要搭配形式为：match + n. + to/with +n 把……和……搭配起来/调和起来；match + n. + in/for + n. 与……匹敌，是……的对手，势均力敌。
Eg. Please match each picture with the correct sentence.
No one can match her in knowledge of classical music.
作名词时，主要义项有：火柴；比赛；相配
相关归纳：（1）be no match for敌不过
Eg. I was no match for him at tennis.打网球我根本不是他的对手。
(2)match up to与……相当；符合……标准
Eg. The trip failed to match up to her expectations.这次旅行令她很失望。
2. share: share可用作动词和名词。用作名词时，主要义项为：一份；股份。 用作动词时，主要搭配和义项有：（1）share sth. (out)(among/between sb.)分给；分配；分派 （2）share sth. (with sb.)和别人分享；和别人合用；分给别人（3）share in sth. 分摊；共同承担
Eg. He shared his money out among his six children.
I’ll share the cost with you.
3. lie: 作动词时，主要义项为：躺着；位于；处于，保留，保持（某种状态）；说谎
注意：lie作“说谎”讲时，是规则动词，过去式和过去分词为lied, lied；作其他意思讲时，是不规则动词，过去式和过去分词为：lay, lain
相关归纳：（1）lie down躺下（休息或养病）（2）lie with（责任等）在于 （3）give the lie to sth. 证实……是虚假的；证明不实；揭穿谎言
Eg. I’ll go and lie down for a bit. I’m a little dizzy.
The fault lies with me.
These new figures give the lie to the belief that unemployment is going down.这些新资料表明失业率在下降的看法是不真实的。
4. compare: 主要义项有：比较；相比
相关归纳：（1）compare A with B把A与B相比较（指同类事物的具体比较）。（2）compare A to B把A比着B（3）compare to/with与……比起来（常用作状语，可位于句首或句末）（4）compare with/to sb./sth.与……类似（或相似）
Eg. Compare John’s answer with Henry’s, which is better?
Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.
Compared to/with many people, she was indeed lucky.
This house doesn’t compare with our previous one.
B. 重点短语
1. as … as possible尽可能地……
注：as … as possible是as … as it is/was possible的省略，其中的possible用作表语，不可用副词possibly替代。
Eg. I’ll go to see you as often as possible.
2. forget to do sth. 忘记去做……，指忘了要做的事。
forget doing sth. 忘了做过……，指忘了已做的事或已发生的事。
Eg. Take care, don’t forget to write.
I forgot writing to him, so I wrote again.
具有相似用法的动词（短语）还有：remember, regret等。
3. more or less是一个固定结构，or不可换成and。more or less可以修饰数词，意为“大约”；还可修饰动词、分词、形容词，意为“或多或少，差不多，几乎”。通常放在系动词、助动词或情态动词之后，或放在动词之前，也可置于句末。
4. more than超过；很；非常；不仅
“more than +数词+名词”等于“over+数词+名词”，意为“超过”。more than用于修饰形容词、名词或动词时，要看作习语，意思是“不仅、很、非常”。
相关归纳：（1）no more than不超过 （2）more A than B与其说B不如说A。
Eg. His whole school education added up to no more than one year.
She is more hardworking than wise.
5. more and more越来越……
相关归纳：“the+比较级…，the+比较级…”相当于汉语的“越……，（就）越……”。该结构表示两个变化按比例同时递增/减。前一个“the+比较级…”为从属分词，后一个“the+比较级…”为主句。主句为一般将来时态时，从句（前一个“the+比较级…”结构）要用一般现在时。①
Eg. The more you read, the more you’ll get.
6. bring in吸引，引入；请……做，让……参加；提出（新法案）；赚得，挣
相关归纳：(1) bring about导致；引起 (2)bring back把……送回；归还；使回忆起；恢复；重新使用 (3)bring down打垮；击败；降低；减少；（飞机）着陆；击落
C. 必背句型
1. so或neither(nor)引导的（倒装）句型：
（1）“so+系动词（情态动词或助动词）+（与前句不同的）主语”表示前句中的肯定情况也适用于另一人或物。So代替上文中的动作或概念，表示“也是这样，也是如此”。
注意：两句中应使用同类助动词且应时态一致。
（2）“neither/nor+系动词（情态动词或助动词）+（与前句相同的）主语”表示连续的否定。
（3）“neither/nor+系动词（情态动词或助动词）+（与前句不同的）主语”表示句中的否定情况也适用于另一人或物；由于neither/nor是否定词，所以不能再使用not.
（4）前句表述的人或物情况复杂，无法使用so或neither(nor)引导的倒装句型表达另一人或物情况相同，则用It is/was with sb./sth.
Eg. —Tom likes playing basketball but he can’t play well.
—So it is with me.
（5）“so+（与前句相同的）主语+助动词”表示赞同，so译为“确实”，主谓不倒装。
Eg. —She can speak French. —So she can.
2. so…that如此……以至于……
（1）so + adj/adv + that…表示“如此……以至于”，that可省略；当so和它所修饰的形容词或副词放在句首时，主句倒装。
Eg. So interesting is the book that I want to read it again.
（2）在so…that句型中也可使用名词，结构如下：
a. so +few/many+可数名词复数+that
b. so + little/much+不可数名词+that
c. so + adj + a(n)+名词+that= such +a(n) + adj +名词+that
3.should have done sth.过去应该干么事
（1）should have done表示“过去应该做某事，而实际上没做”，含有责备的意味。
（2）shouldn’t have done表示“过去不应该做某事，而实际上做了”，也含有责备的意味。
Eg. You should have come here yesterday.
He shouldn’t have gone without telling us.
4.强调句型及其各种结构
（1）基本结构：It is/was +被强调部分+that/who+其余部分
（2）被强调句子是一般疑问句时，其结构为：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分（用陈述语序）？
Eg. Is it tomorrow that you will go to see him?
（3）被强调句子是特殊疑问句时，其结构为：疑问词+is/was+ it +that+其他部分(陈述语序)？
Eg. Where was it that you held the meeting?
（4）强调名词性从句引导词时，其结构为：引导词+it is/was +that+从句其他部分。
Eg. He asked where it was that you held the meeting.
（5）对not…until结构中until部分进行强调时，not需要放在被强调部分，句式为：It is/was not until…that+主句部分（用肯定形式）。
Eg. It was not until midnight that he went back home after the experiment.
III. 疑难突破
1. match, suit, fit
match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。
suit多指合乎需要、口味、性质、条件、地位等。
fit多指尺寸、形状合适，引申为吻合，协调。
Exercise:
(1) His clothes don’t ______ his age.
(2) Does the time _______ you?
(3) The new coat ______ her well. It is neither too big nor too small.
(4) Which day ______ you, Saturday or Sunday?
2. alone, lonely
（1）词性：alone可以作形容词和副词；lonely只能作形容词。
（2）用法：作形容词时，alone只能作表语，有时作宾补，不能作定语；lonely可以作表语和定语。alone不能用very修饰，而要说much alone，或very much alone。
（3）词义：作表语时，alone的意思是“独自一人”，指的是客观情况；lonely的意思是“寂寞”，指的是主观感觉。
（4）固定结构：leave/let sb./sth. alone听任；别打扰；let alone更不用说。
Exercise:
(1) He feels ______ though he has two brothers.
(2) The old man lives in a ______ house in the forest ______.
(3) When he woke up, he found himself ______ in the room.
(4) Though he is ______ at home, he doesn’t feel ______, for he has many things to do.
(5) The baby can’t walk, let ______ run.
(6) Leave the machine ______. it’s dangerous.
3. although, though
（1）一般情况下，两者可换用（although多用于句首）。
（2）所引导的让步状语从句放在主句前，从句中用部分倒装时，用though(=as).
（3）只能说as though(=as if)；even though(=even if)。
（4）though可用作副词，放在句末或句中，表示“然而、不过”，although不可。
Exercise:
(1) ______ they tried hard, they didn’t finish the work on time.
(2) They didn’t stop to have a rest ______ they were tired.
(3) He speaks English as ______ he were an Englishman.
(4) Even ______ he didn’t tell me anything about it, I know the whole thing.
(5) Child ______ he is, he knows a lot about computers.
(6) He said he would help me with my English; he didn’t, ______.
4. besides, except, except for, except that
besides意为“除……之外，尚有……或外加……”
except将一个或几个人或物从同一类或普通的种类中除外，意为“除……之外”，指“不包括……”。其后可接名词、代词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或wh-从句。
except for说明整个基本情况后，对细节加以纠正，后接名词。
except that的用法基本同except for，但其后必须句子。它用来表示理由或细节，修下前面所说的情况。
Exercise:
(1) We all succeeded ______ Tom, so he is also glad.
(2) We all succeeded ______ Tom, so he is very sad.
(3) He is a good man, ______ hot temper.
(4) Your article is quite good ______ there are several spelling mistakes.
(5) Your article is quite good ______ several spelling mistakes.
5. a number of, the number of
a number of只能用作定语，修饰可数名词复数，意为“许多；若干”(=many)。number前可用large, small等修饰词。当它修饰主语时，谓语动词与它修饰的主语一致。
the number of的意思是“……的数量；号码”。当它与后面的名词连用时，中心词是the number。如果用作主语，即使后面的名词是复数，谓语也要用单数。
Exercise:
(1) ______ trees planted in our village is never under 200 every year.
(2) We have lived there for ______ years.
(3) ______ jobless people grows in the country at present.
(4) ______ students are playing football on the playground.
(5) ______ students in our class is over 70.

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