英语一轮复习讲稿Units 13&14, Book I
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广德二中2006届高考总复习
I. 词汇
A. 单词：fat; stomach; fever; ripe; ought; examine; plenty; diet; fit; gain; energy; soft; bar; fuel; chemical; balance; tasty; boil; mixture; sleepy; brain; steam; theme; parade; fighting; conflict; argument; major; probably; honour; ancestor; principle; nation; purpose; creativity; faith; commercial; joy; light; similar; generation; salute; kiss; cheek; nod; celebration; respect; gift; cycle; fool; invitation
B. 短语：ought to; plenty of; keep up with; make a right choice; short of; now and then; roll up; dress up; in one’s opinion; give thanks to; play a trick on sb; take in; cut… into pieces; lead a…life
II. 重点精讲
A. 重点单词
1. fit：可作动词、名词和形容词。主要义项有：合身的衣服，适合，合适的，适合……的。
注意：fit用作名词时常与不定冠词连用；Eg. The coat is a bad fit.那套外套不合身。
用作动词时一般表示衣服的尺寸大小适合某人穿，如表示衣服的款式或颜色适合某人一般用suit表示。
Eg. This jacket fits me well.这件夹克很合我的身。
2. purpose：常用作名词，有两个义项：
（1）目的（可数名词）；
Eg. For what purpose did you go to Africa?你到非洲去有什么目的。
answer/serve one’s purpose符合需要；carry out a purpose实现目标
（2）用途，效果（不可数名词）
Eg. What’s the main purpose of this building?这栋建筑物的主要用途是什么？
注意：on purpose（故意）的反义词为by chance或by accident“偶然”。
3. respect：可用作名词和动词。主要义项有：尊敬；尊重；考虑；重视。作名词时常为不可数名词，复数respects的意思是问候，问好，相当于regards, whishes。
Eg. Children should show respect for their teachers. 孩子应该尊敬老师。
My mother sends her respects to you.我母亲向你问好。
注意：respect构成的短语：pay respect to考虑；并重；with respect to关于；without respect to不管；不考虑；in respect of涉及，关于，在……方面；as respects就……而言，关于。
4. gift：用作名词，有两个义项：
（1）礼物（同义词:present），捐赠；
Eg. He made a gift of $10,000 to his old high school.他给他的高中母校捐赠了10,000美元。
（2）天才，天赋。
Eg. He is a boy of many gifts. 他是一个多才多艺的孩子。
gifted为形容词，“有天赋的，有天资的”。a gifted musician一位有天赋的音乐家。
注意比较：gifted“有天赋的”，skilled“有技术的”和experienced“有经验的”。
B. 重点短语
1. take in：接受, 接待, 吸收, 理解, 包括, 轻信, 注意到, 欺骗
相关归纳：（1）take along带……一起去
Eg. It’s going to rain; you’d better take along a raincoat with you.
（2）take away拿走
Eg. The child was taken away from school.那孩子不被允许上学了。
（3）take back取回；归还
Eg. I take back what I said.
（4）take off除去；脱掉；动身；起飞（5）take on雇用，承担，呈现
Eg. The manager will take on a new secretary.
Don’t take on more work than you can do.不要接受超过你所能负担的工作量。
（6）take up拿起；占空间；消耗时间；开始从事；继续
Eg. John took up art while at school.约翰在学校期间开始学习艺术。
I’ll take up the story where I finished yesterday.我将在昨天结束的地方继续这个故事。
2. dress up：盛装, 打扮, 装饰, 伪装
相关归纳：（1）be dressed up in穿着（2）dress down责骂某人；穿着随便
Eg. He dressed down while working in the field.在地里干活时他穿着很随便。
注意：表示“穿”的词的比较，可以从表示动作表示状态和所跟宾语三个方面去区别。表示动作的有：put on; try on;表示状态的有wear; be dressed in; be in; have…on; dress的宾语为“人”，其他动词的宾语均为衣物。
3. send away：发送, 派遣, 驱逐, 解雇
相关归纳：（1）send out分发；发出；派出；长出
Eg. The sun sends out light and warmth.
The trees send out new leaves in spring.
（2）send off为某人送行=see sb. off
Eg. Many of his friends went to the airport to send him off.
（3）send up发射；使上升
Eg. The good news sent prices up on the market.这个好消息使物价上涨了。
（4）send for派人去叫某人；派人去拿某物
Eg. Please keep these things until I send for them.请替我保存这些东西，等我派人来取。
注意：send away在表示“开除；解雇”时，其同义词为dismiss；反义词为take on或employ“雇用”。
C. 必背句型
1. only引导的倒装句型：只有only引导的状语成分位于句首时，主句才使用主谓倒装的句式，即一般疑问句的语序。
Eg. Only then did I realize that I was wrong.
2. instead (of)构成的句型：instead of后面可以跟名词、代词或动名词，同义词为in place of。另外，instead还可以用作副词，表示“代替，而是”的意思。
Eg. He will attend the meeting instead of me.
I was ill so he went to attend the meeting instead.
She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day.
3. each time引导状语从句：each time相当于连接副词的作用，引导时间状语从句。表示动作的习惯性、经常性，即从句描述的不是一次性动作，而是经常发生的习惯性动作。也可以用every time表示。
Eg. Every time I saw him, I was overcome by his brilliance.每次见到他，都为他的聪颖倾倒。
另外，the first time, next time, the time, the moment也可以用来引导状语从句。
Eg. Be sure to call on us next time you come to town.下次你进城一定要来看我们。
She rushed into the room immediately/the moment she heard the noise.
III. 疑难突破
1. keep up, keep sb. up, keep up with, catch up with
keep up“振作，使不低落”，后跟名词。
keep sb. up“使……迟睡”比较：stay up“熬夜，不睡觉”。
keep up with“赶上，不落后”，侧重于“不被拉下”。
catch up with“追赶上”，侧重表示“从落后的状态追赶上”
Exercises:
(1). _____ your courage/spirits.
(2). Go on in front, I’ll soon ______ you.
(3). Generally speaking, people in the country can ______ old customs.
(4). It’s wrong to ______ the children ______ so late.
(5). Teachers ought to especially care for those who can’t _____ the class.
2. check, examine, test, look up
check：v.&n.着重于核对，查明是否正确。
examine：v.着重于通过检查这一手段去发现新的东西或情况。有时可与check换用。
test：v.&n.试验，检验；考验
look up：v.查阅（词典等工具书）以获取有关的信息。
Exercises:
(1). I ______ my schoolbag to see if I’ve left the pen.
(2). You must do an experiment to ______ what he said.
(3). A policeman ______ his bag to see if there were any drugs.
(4). When I ______ my shopping list, I found I’d forgotten to buy eggs.
(5). You’d better ______ the word in the dictionary if you don’t know how to use it.
(6). I can’t see things clearly, I’d like to go to the doctor’s to have my eyes ______.

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