冠词用法
中学英语教学资源网 → 英语教案 → 教学设计 手机版



二、不定冠词的主要用法

1． 表示“一”这个数量概念，比one意思稍弱
e.g.: The plan will be ready in a week or two.
2． 表示某人或某物，但不具体说明哪个, 相当于any
e.g.: This poem was written by a student.
注：在1,2两项中，如果名词变复数，把a换成数词或不定代词some, any等即可。
e.g.: The plan will be ready in three weeks.
3． 表示某一类人或事物
e.g.: Even a child can answer this question.
注：句中名词变复数时，去掉不定冠词a/an即可。
4． 和表示时间或度量衡的名词连用表示“每日”、“每斤”等
e.g.: I take a two-mile walk twice a day.
5． 用于固定词组
e.g.: have/take a shower have/take a bath
take a walk give a lecture
a lot of a couple of
as a rule have a headache
a few a little a bit
6. 不定冠词用于有形容词修饰的季节, 日期前面
The traffic accident happened on a Sunday towards the end of July.
7. 用于序数词前面, 表示
三、定冠词的主要用法

1． 特指某人、某物，以区别于其他人、物
e.g.: This is the head of our delegation.
2． 用于谈话双方都明确的人、物前
e.g.: Take the medicine after meals.
3． 用于上文提到过的人、物前
e.g.: There is a new book on the desk. Give me the book.
4． 用于世界上独一无二的事物前
e.g.: the (sun, moon, earth, sky, world, globe, equator（赤道）, universe（宇宙）, atmosphere)
5． 用于序数词前
e.g.: the first one, the second one, etc.
6． 用于形容词最高级前
e.g.: Autumn is the best season here.
7． 用于表示方位（东、西、南、北、中、左、右）的名词前
e.g.: Tianjin is in the east of China.
但 from east to west 之类的结构除外
8． 用于某些江、河、湖、海、山川、海湾、沙漠前
e.g.: the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, the Baltic (Sea)(波罗的海)，
the Himalayas(喜马拉雅山), the Taiwan Straits, the Sahara（撒哈拉沙漠）
9． 用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前，如国家、组织机构、某些报纸名
e.g.: the People’s Republic of China, the United Nations, the Times, the People’s Daily
10．用于姓氏复数前，表示一家人，e.g.: the Browns 布朗一家
11．用于形容词前，表示一类人，e.g.: the old, the poor
12．用于演奏的乐器、文娱艺术活动等名称前
e.g.: play (the piano, the violin, the flute, the cello),
go to (the cinema,, the theatre, the movies, the concert)
13．用于逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代
e.g.: in the 1990s (二十世纪九十年代)
14．用于表示发明物的单数名词前
e.g.: Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
15．用于单数可数名词前，表示某一类人或事物
e.g.: The horse is a useful animal.
16．当用来指人体部位时，在介词之后通常用the 来代替物主代词
e.g.: I had a cold in the head.(头部受了风)
He became very red in the face.
He was wounded in the leg.
He took (lead, seize, catch) me by the arm (hair…).
beat sb. on the nose/head,
be blind in the left (right) eye
be deaf in the left (right) ear
17．用于某些固定词组
e.g.: in the morning (afternoon, evening, daytime)
at the moment
on the phone
the whole day
by the way
in the end
on the other hand
on the whole (大体上) 对应的 as a whole (就整个来看)
in the city 对应的 in town
at the back of(in back of) 对应的 in front of (在…前面)
在…后面
in the distance (在远处) 对应的 at a distance of +数词
（在多远处）
四、不用冠词的场合

1． 可数名词复数、不可数名词表示一类或泛指时
e.g.: Teachers must love their students.
Unity is strength.
2． 专有名词（洲、国家、人名）前，一般不用冠词
e.g.: Asia, Japan, Jim
3． 球类、棋类等体育运动以及三餐前
e.g.: play (volleyball, table tennis, chess, cards)
have (breakfast, lunch, dinner)
注：如特指某一餐，需加不定冠词a/an
e.g.: They had a wonderful dinner at that hotel last night.
4． 学科、语言、（医学中）大部分疾病名、某些报刊名前
e.g.: chemistry, English, High blood pressure, China Daily
5． 季节、月份、星期、节日前，一般不加冠词，但有限定性定语修饰
或表示一特定的时间时，就要加定冠词
e.g.: School begins in September.
We have few classes on Saturday.
但：She came to Tianjin in the spring of 1998.
Where do you plan to spend the summer?
6． 大多数学校、街道、公园、广场、桥梁、车站、机场等名称前
e.g.: Tian An Men Square, Nanjing Road, Tianjin Railway Station
7． 在描述交通方式时
e.g.: by car, by bus, by bike, by train, on foot, etc.
I go to school by bike every day.
但take a bus, come in a boat, on the train/bus 等表示具体的交通工具时要用冠词
8． 系动词turn（变成）后面作表语的单数可数名词前习惯不用冠词
e.g.: The young worker has turned writer.
=The young worker has become a writer.
9． 称呼语或指家里雇用的nurse, cook 等名词前及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作宾语、补语及同位语时，一般不加冠词
e.g.: What’s this, mother?
Ask nurse to put the child to bed.
Lincoln was made president of the United States again.
10．As引导的让步状语从句，作表语的名词前不用冠词
e.g.: Child as she is, she knows a lot of English.
11．⑴ 在单数名词+after +同一单数名词（表示“一个接一个”）结构中，单数可数名词前不加冠词
e.g.: She did experiment after experiment.
shop after shop, mistake after mistake, etc.
⑵ 当两个或两个以上的名词用and 连接时，如带有对比的含义或习惯上
总在一起使用，常省去冠词
e.g.: husband and wife, brother and sister, day and night,
body and soul, knife and fork
12．当两个形容词最高级并列修饰同一名词时，第二个形容词前常不用the
e.g.: She is the tallest and fattest girl in our class.
13．No 与such 连用时，no 应放在such 之前，such 后的名词前不用冠词
e.g.: No such thing has ever happened in this village.
14．church, school, hospital, prison, university 等单数可数名词指机构（institution）时，其前常不用冠词；如果不指机构而指一座具体建筑（building），其前又常用冠词。
e.g.: They go to church every Sunday morning.（上教堂）
The church was pulled down for a new and bigger one.
She stayed in hospital for three weeks after the accident.(住院)
He walked into the hospital through a side entrance.
注：用法类似的词还有：bed, class, table, town 等。
e.g.: The family were at table when he arrived.（在吃饭）
Why not remove the table? It’s in the way.
You’re not going to town with him, are you?（进城）
The town used to be rather small. Now it extends miles and miles.
15．有时在新闻标题、工商业文件、广告、电报、公告、提纲、书名中，为了节省空间、时间、金钱和精力，或为了引起注意，省去冠词
e.g.: Conference opens.

考点：

在考试中，冠词部分的题常见的有以下类型：
1． 各种应该使用冠词的情况
e.g.: They went to _____ Smiths’ and stayed there for half an hour.
A. the B. a C. an D. / (2002津春季高考) (答案A）
2． 各种不应该使用冠词的情况
e.g.: On _____ Christmas Day people like to send Christmas cards to each other.
A. the B. a C. one D./ (2001津春季高考) (答案D)
3． 冠词的固定用法
e.g.: All of _____ sudden the child rushed out from _____ the door.
A. the, behind B. a, behind C. /, behind D. the, /
(2002津春季高考) (答案B)
4． 不定冠词a/an 用法的区别
e.g.: Is his girl friend _____ European or _____ American? (2000津春季高考)
A. a, / B. an, an C. an, / D. a, an （答案D）

课后习题难点讲解：

P39. 强化训练—A 巩固练习
Ⅰ--第9小题
Mike was elected __/__ captain of the team.
---分析---：按照我们上面“不用冠词的场合”讲的，在表示独一无二头衔、职务的名词作补语时，其前不用冠词，所以captain前什么也不填。（书上答案错误）
Ⅰ--第15小题
The play, Hamlet, attracted a large audience.
---分析---：首先，第一个空特指Hamlet这部剧，无疑应该填定冠词the。这里主要是audience前的第二个空，audience 本身是一个集体名词，可数。分析这样的词时，我们要看它强调的是整体还是整体中的每一个个体，如：
My family is a large one. (把family 看作了一个整体)
My family were listening to the tape. (强调的是family中的每一个成员)
本题中audience 强调的是“一大群观众”这样一个整体概念，所以应该填a。
Ⅰ--第22小题
give up + ving : give up 后直接跟动名词表示放弃做某事。

Exercises:
1. Please pay attention to your spelling. You’ve dropped ____ “m” here.
A. an B. the C. / D. a
2. That evening ___ Greens sat before a bright fire and had ___ nice supper.
A. the, a B. /, / C. /, a D. the, /
3. _____ elephant is useful to human beings.
A. The B. This C. That D. A
4. The man was in _____ hurry to catch _____ train.
A. a, / B. a, the C. the, / D. /, the
5. _____ thief is a danger to _____.
A. The, society B. The, a society C. A, society D. A, the society
6. In _____ time of _____ danger, one’s mind works fast.
A. the, the B. a, a C. /, / D. the, /
7. We should take good care of _____.
A. young and old B. the young and old
C. the young and the old D. young and the old
8. ---Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.
---Is it _____ black one? I think I saw it somewhere
A. a, the B. the, the C. the, a D. a, a
9. Mr. Zhang began to learn ___ English language at ___ age of fifty.
A. /, the B. the, the C. /, / D the, /
10. Your can have _____ second try if you fail _____ first time.
A. the, / B. /, a C. the, a D. a, the

Answers: AAABC CCDBD
　

·语文课件下载
·语文视频下载
·语文试题下载

·语文备课中心



『点此察看与本文相关的其它文章』『搜索相关课件』


【上一篇】【下一篇】   【教师投稿】 
本站管理员：尹瑞文 微信：13958889955