（北师大版）初一英语同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit2 Families（1）
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Unit2 Families（1）
一．教学内容：
Lesson 5 I have one sister.
Lesson 6 This is my grandmother.
二. 重点、难点：
学会介绍家庭成员并描述家庭成员之间的关系
学习have，肯定，否定，疑问的三种形式
学会使用名词的所有格和物主代词
学会使用指示代词
学会表述所有关系
Lesson 5 I have one sister.
I. Words Study单词学习：
mother aunt father grandmother cousin grandfather grandpa uncle family wife handsome son daughter next to only happy people
II. Expression patterns常用的表达方式：
1. 家族之间的关系：
1) grandfather grandmother
2) father mother aunt uncle
3) son daughter cousin
2. next to 紧接着，临近的
My grandmother is next to him. My grandmother is beside him.
Come and sit down next to me.
3. I’m the only child.
only adj.（与单数名词连用）独一的；唯一的；
（与复数名词连用）仅有的；
Smith was the only person able to do it.
Harry is an only child, has no brothers or sisters.
We were the only people there.
4. have的用法
have是动词，表示“某人拥有…”，其第三人称单数形式是has
（1）肯定句：
主语（I / we / you / they）+ have +宾语
主语（he / she / it）+ has + 宾语
I have a new book.
She has two pencils.
Simon and Jessica have three daughters.
Bob has two sisters.
（2）否定句：
主语＋don’t (doesn’t) ＋ have ＋ 宾语
I don’t have any brother.
They don’t have any fruit.
He doesn’t have any children.
（3）一般疑问句及回答：
Do (Does) ＋ 主语 ＋ have ＋ 宾语？
Yes，主语＋do（does）.
No，主语＋don’t（doesn’t）.
-- Do you have a cup?
-- Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
-- Does she have a ruler?
-- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
（4）特殊疑问句：疑问词＋一般疑问句
What do you have?
What does she have?
Lesson 6 This is my grandmother.
Ⅰ. Words Study单词学习：
these those look parent wow young cute work bank what about store get whose skateboard CD tennis hamster video game walkman mess messy
Ⅱ.Expression patterns常用的表达方式：
1. She looks nice. 她看上去很漂亮。
用法：sb. ＋ look ＋ 形容词 某人看上去如何
例如：They look very young.
You look very tired.
He looks handsome.
2. What a mess! 简直太乱了！
这是一句感叹句。感叹句表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈的感情。这种句子一般用how或者what开头。how（多么）作状语，修饰形容词、副词或动词。what（多么）作定语，修饰名词（名词前可有形容词或冠词），句尾用感叹号。由陈述句变为感叹句时，要把被how,what修饰的词放在句首的how，what之后，其他部分的词序与陈述句相同。
（1）How＋形容词（副词）＋主语＋谓语
（2）How＋形容词
（3）What＋（a）＋形容词＋名词＋主语＋谓语
（4）What＋（a）＋名词
What a pity it is!
What a pity!
How tired he is!
How tired!
Ⅲ. Grammar 语法知识
1. 名词的所有格
在英语中名词有三个格：主格（作主语），宾格（作宾语）和所有格。
其中，名词的所有格：名词中表示所有关系的形式叫名词所有格。
所有格的构成有以下几种：
（1）表示有生命的东西（人或动物）的名词所有格一般在名词后加’s：my father’s pen
1）以-s或-es结尾的复数名词的所有格只在名词后加“’”：the teachers’ reading room
2）不以-s结尾的复数名词的所有格要加’s：the people’s needs
3）如专有名词以-s结尾，它的所有格一般只加“’”，但也有加’s的，读作[-iz]：Burns’s poems
4）复合名词的所有格的词尾’s加在后面的名词之后：her son-in-law’s photo
5）如果一样东西为两人共有，则只在后一个名词后面加’s，如果不是共有，则两个名词之后都要加’s： Jane and Helen’s room Bill’s and Tom’s radios
6）在表示“店铺”、“某人家”的名词所有格后面，一般省掉它所修饰的名词：
the tailor’s the barber’s the Zhang’s at my aunt’s
7）有些指时间、距离、国家、城镇的无生命名词也可以加’s：half an hour’s lecture
（2）表示无生命东西的名词一般与of构成词组，表示所有关系：
the cover of the book
（3）指有生命东西的名词也可以用of词组表示所有格：
1）如果名词较长：
the story of Dr. Norman Bethune
2）如果名词的定语较长，就只能用of词组来表示所有关系：
Do you know the name of the boy standing at the gate?
（4）“of词组＋所有格”的用法：在表示所属物的名词前有冠词、数词、不定代词或指示代词（如：a, two, some, a few, this, that, these, those等）时，常用“of词组＋所有格”的形式来表示所有关系：
a friend of my father’s = one of my father’s friends
a picture of his uncle’s
two cousins of his
2. 物主代词
物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种
人称代词 物主代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
单数 第一人称 I me my mine
第二人称 you you your yours
第三人称 he him his his
she her her hers
it it its -
复数 第一人称 we us our ours
第二人称 you you your yours
第三人称 they them their theirs
物主代词的用法：
（1）形容词性物主代词用作定语：
my childhood our task
（2）名词性物主代词用作主语、表语和宾语：
主语：His brother is a driver;mine is a soldier and hers is an engineer.
表语：Whose ruler is this? —— It is mine.
宾语：You may use my bike and I may use hers.
3. 指示代词：表示“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”等意思的代词称为指示代词。指示代词有：this, that, these, those, it, such, same等
用法：
（1）this, that, these, those的用法
1）在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
This is a notebook.
I like this (these), while she likes that (those).
2）this (these) 一般用来指时间或空间上较近的人或物，而that (those) 则常指时间或空间上较远的人或物：
These are students, and those are teachers.
3）this 和these常指后面要讲到的事物，有启下的作用；而that常指前面讲到过的事物，有承上的作用：
What I want to tell you is this: the exam will be started at 10 o’clock.
He had a bad cold. That is why he didn’t attend the meeting.
4）为了避免重复前面的名词，可以用that或those来代替它：
This painting is not so good as that I saw in the gallery.
The television sets made in Shanghai are better than those made in Beijing.
（2）such一般在句中作定语和主语。such表示“这样”；such a表示“这样一个”；such…as…表示“象…这样的…”。
1）作定语（指出后面的名词）
I have never seen such a moving film.
Foreign friends often visit such fine cities as Beijing and Hangzhou.
2）作主语（指出上文提到过或刚说过的内容）。
Such is our study plan.
（3）same可作定语、表语、主语和宾语。
They left for Nanjing on the same day (as she left).
（4）it指人时可以看作是指示代词，在句中作主语。在汉语中指示代词it一般不译出。it与who（that，whom）构成强调结构，以强调句中某部分。
Who is there? —— Oh, it is Xiao Liu (who is there).
【模拟试题】
一、选出划线部分读音与所给单词划线部分读音不同的选项
（ ）1. only A. both B. photo C. police D. over
（ ）2. everything A. spell B. problem C. help D. engineer
（ ）3. about A. now B. how C. cousin D. wow
（ ）4. cute A. class B. uncle C. actor D. dancer
（ ）5. game A. age B. grandpa C. good D. get
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6. These are seven ＿＿＿＿＿＿ （banana）.
7. Kate has（有） eight ＿＿＿＿＿＿ （box）.
8. Mr Green has three ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ （child）.
9. This is your bag. Here ＿＿＿＿＿（your）are.
10. ＿＿＿＿＿＿（they）apples are over there.
三、根据句意，用适当的词填空
11. Xiao Hong，is this your bag? ― Yes, it is ＿＿＿＿＿＿.
12. The boy is my friend, ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ name is Tom.
13. This is a bird, ＿＿＿＿＿ name is Polly.
14. —Li Lei, are those your English books？
—No，＿＿＿＿＿＿ aren't.
15. Kate is a pretty girl. Yes, she ＿＿＿＿＿＿ very nice.
四、根据句意，填入适当的称呼
16. My father is Ron. My mother is Lily.
So, Lily is my father’s ___________.
17. My grandpa is Peter. His son Ron is my father.
My father’s wife is my grandpa’s ___________.
18. My mother’s sister is Jane.
Jane’s daughter is my ___________.
19. I’m a girl at 16 years old. I am my aunt’s ___________.
20. Mary is my grandpa’s wife. They are my ____________.
五、选择填空
21. These are ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. apples trees B. apples tree C. apple tree D. apple trees
22. Is this your eraser？ Yes, ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. this is B. it is C. it isn’t D. this is not
23. Your picture is very good. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. No, it is not good B. OK, you’re right
C. Thank you D. Thanks you
24. Whose basketball is that? It is ＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. me B. Lily C. Lily’s D. my
25. What are those？ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ .
A. These are cars B. Yes，they are
C. They are buses D. No，they are cars
26. How many cousins does she have? She ＿＿＿ two cousins.
A. have B. has C. had D. haven’t
27. Kate’s English is ＿＿＿＿＿ good.
A. much B. too C. very D. very much
28. Mum, where is ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ？
A. a my pen B. my the pen C. a pen D. my pen
29. Mom, ＿＿＿＿＿ my good friends， Kate and Lily.
A. she is B. they are C. this is D. these are
30. —Are you a teacher or a student？ —＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. Yes, I’m a teacher B. No，I’m a student
C. I’m not a teacher D. I’m a teacher
六、阅读理解：
阅读短文，判断正误。正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”。
　　Mr Jones and Mr Brown work in the same office （办公室）.One day Mr Jones says to Mr Brown , “I will have a small party at our house on Monday evening . Would you and your wife like to come ?”
　　Mr Brown says , “Thank you very much . I’d love to , but let me ask my wife first . ” So Mr Brown goes to the other room and telephones his wife . Then he comes back and looks very worried .
　　“What’s the matter?” asks Mr Jones . “Is you wife there at home ?”
　　“No,” answers Mr Brown . “she isn’t there . My small son answers the telephone . I say to him , ‘Is your mother there , David ?’ and he answers, ‘No , she isn’t in the house .’ ‘Where is she ?’ I ask , ‘She is somewhere outside（在外面） .’ ‘What’s she doing ?’ ‘She is looking for me .’”
　1. There is a party at Mr Jones’s house on Monday evening .
　2. Mr Jones asks Mr Brown and his wife to go to the party .
　3. The telephone is in Mr Brown’s office.
　4. Mr Brown speaks to Mrs Brown on the telephone .
　5. Mrs Brown is looking for her son .
课文阅读：请大家试着在十分钟之内读完此篇文章
The Cat and the Tiger
They say that the cat is the uncle of the tiger. Anyhow, one day a strong tiger saw her uncle the cat and asked him, “Oh, my uncle, why are you so small?”
The cat said, “If you were in the hands of human beings, you would know why I am so small.”
Then the tiger said, “Show me a human being, will you, uncle?”
“Follow me!” said the cat.
While they were going along, they saw cows grazing. “What are those, uncle?” asked the tiger. “Are they human beings?”
“Huh? A very young one of the human beings can gather a hundred of them before him and can bring them to these fields,” said the cat.
After some time they saw several camels. The tiger asked, “Uncle, are those human beings?”
“No,” answered the cat. “A child can gather fifteen of them and can graze them.”
They went on and met a woodchopper. The cat told of their mission. When the woodchopper heard this, he asked the tiger to put her forefeet between the two huge pieces of wood and hold them apart. When the tiger did this, the rail which was holding the two pieces apart fell down, and the forefeet of the tiger were pressed tightly between them.
The woodchopper laid down his axe and came to watch the tiger. The cat climbed up into a tree. The tiger began to ask, “What do you think, uncle? Will they set me free when I am as small as you are?”
“I do not know mew,” said the cat whenever the tiger asked this question.
They say that the mewing of the cat began with this happening.

【试题答案】
一、1-5 CBCDA
二、6. bananas； 7. boxes； 8. children； 9. you； 10. Their
三、11. mine； 12. his； 13. its； 14. they； 15. looks
四、16. wife； 17. daughter-in-law； 18. cousin； 19. niece； 20. grandparents
五、21-25 DBCCC 26-30 BCDDD
六、1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T
课文阅读译文：
猫和老虎
据说猫是老虎的叔叔。有一天，一只威武的老虎遇到了他的猫叔叔，就问他说：“叔叔啊，你为什么这么矮小？”
猫说：“如果你也落到人类的手掌心里，就会明白我为什么这么矮小了。”
老虎说：“领我去见识一下人吧，好吗，叔叔？”
“跟我来吧！”猫说。
他们一路走来，看到一群牛在吃草。“那是谁啊，叔叔？是人吗？” 老虎问。
“哼，一个年纪很小的人就能把一百头这样的聚拢在一起，赶到田野里来吃草。”猫说。
过了一会儿他们看到几只骆驼。老虎问：“叔叔，这些是人吗？”
“不是，”猫回答。“一个小孩子就能放牧15头这样的。”
他们继续走，遇到了一位樵夫。猫对他讲了他俩的目的。樵夫听完，就让老虎把两只前爪伸到两大片木头之间，用力朝外掰。老虎按他说的做了，结果插在两片木头之间的横木脱落下来，他的两只前爪被牢牢地夹在木头里边。
樵夫放下斧头走过来看老虎，猫噌地爬上一棵树。老虎问：“叔叔，你看怎么办？我要是跟你一样大小的话，能不能放了我？”
“我不知道喵，”每次老虎问这个问题，猫都这样回答。
传说猫就是从这次以后开始喵喵叫的。

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