人教版高考第一轮复习高二英语：Unit 15-Unit 16
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知识梳理
Ⅰ.网络构建
词汇 单词 airline uncomfortable phenomenon Brazil downtown *commercial avenue disappointed altitude surrounding guarantee breath taking downhill inexpensive feast dip gym shore budget rate visa arrangement passport cheque *currency sight *seasoned *accommodation central arrival entry mental physical depression civil greedy trader unemployment unrest *sacrifice *reconstruction former recover demonstration fierce *funeral shoot vain dawn overcome insist bookstore gather plain kilogram clothing chief afterwards widespread rot supply chain willing *category
词组 every now and then get tired of aim at in vain insist on on sale in turn have an effect on
语法 复习非谓语动词
Ⅱ.重点精讲
●重点单词
1.recover
例句集锦
vt.
He is beginning to recover his strength.
他开始恢复体力。
It was some hours before she recovered consciousness.
过了几个小时她才恢复知觉。
I almost fell but managed to recover myself.
我几乎跌倒，但还是设法站稳了。
vi.
After a few days of fever,he began to recover.
发烧几天后，他开始康复。
My boss is recovering from a heart attack.
我的老板心脏病发作，正在恢复中。
After this war,the country will take a long time to recover.
经过这场战争，这个国家将需要很长时间才能恢复正常。
用法归纳
*recover可用作及物动词和不及物动词，意为：恢复（能力、知觉、对情绪的控制、活动能力）；恢复健康，恢复正常。
2.insist
例句集锦
vi.
He insisted on his correctness.
他坚持说他是对的。
He insisted on checking every item.
他坚持要检查每一个项目。
—Let me pay.
让我付吧。
—All right,if you insist.
好吧，如果你坚持的话。
vt.
She insisted that she（should）go at once.
她坚持她要马上去。
They insisted that everyone should come to the party.
他们坚决要求每人都要来参加晚会。
He insisted that he was innocent.
他极力说他是无辜的。
Mike insisted that he was right.
迈克坚持说自己是正确的。
用法归纳
*insist可用作及物动词与不及物动词，它有两个义项：坚持要；坚持说，坚持认为。用及物动词时主要搭配形式为：+that从句；用作不及物动词时为：+ on+名词或动名词。
特别提示
insist+that从句中用“should+动词原形”只表示坚持要。如表示坚持说，坚持认为，则不用虚拟形式。
3．supply
例句集锦
n..
Chocolate was in short supply during the war.
战争期间巧克力供应不足。
water/gas/electricity supply 水/煤气/电力供应
During the drought some households had their water supply cut off.
在干旱期间有些住户的自来水供应被中断。
vt.
They were arrested for supplying drugs to street dealers.
他们因给街头的毒品贩子提供毒品而被逮捕。
He supplied the police with the names of those involved in the crime.
他向警方提供了涉案人员名单。
用法归纳
*supply 可用作名词和及物动词，意思为：供应，供应品；提供。
有时还可用作形容词，表示“供给的，代理的”，如：“a supply pipe供给管；a supply teacher代课老师
特别提示
该词在表示提供之意时常用作：supply sth.to sb./supply sb.with sth.。
4.guarantee
例句集锦
n.
This camera comes with a year’s guarantee.
这照相机有一年的保用期。
This copier has a three-month guarantee for all repairs.
这台复印机有三个月的各种修理保证。
He put up his house as a guarantee.
他提供房子作为担保。
Money is no guarantee of happiness.
金钱并非幸福的保证。
The best guarantee of peace is preparedness for war.
和平的最佳保证是备战。
There is no guarantee that it will work.
没有保证说它会奏效。
vt.
guarantee a person’s debt为某人的债务担保
This refrigerator is guaranteed for five years.
这个冰箱保用5年。
He guaranteed this machine to work for five years.
他保证此机器可运转5年。
用法归纳
*guarantee作名词和及物动词，主要义项有：保证，担保；作为担保之物；断言，证实。
●重点短语
1.in turn
例句集锦
My wife and I caught flu in turn.
我太太和我相继感冒。
The students called out their names in turn.
学生们依次报出自己的名字。
He asked each of us in turn to describe how alcohol had affected our lives.
他要我们每个人依次描述一下酒是如何影响自己生活的。
相关归纳
（1）by turns交替的，轮流的，依次地
That evening he was silly,witty,and mournful by turns.
那天晚上他先是傻乎乎的，然后变得妙趣横生，最后又悲从心来。
We droved by turns.
我们轮流开车。
It snowed and blew by turns
风雪交互袭来。
（2）take one’s turn轮流
We all took our turns rowing.
我们大家轮流划船。
（3）take turns 又作 take it in turn
You’ll have to take turns being captain of the team.
你们得轮流当球队队长。
特别提示
以上词组均表示“依次、轮流”。但用法稍有区别，in turn主要意为依次地，by turns表示的内容可重复进行，均为介词短语，而take one’s turn和take turns为动词短语。另外，take turn及take one’s turn常需跟介词（at/in）+ doing sth.。
2.have effect on
例句集锦
The accident had（produced）a good（bad）effect on her.
那件事对她有（产生）良好的（坏的）影响。
It will have an indirect effect on them.
那对他们将有间接影响。
My advice didn’t have much effect on him.
我的劝告对他没有什么效果。
相关归纳
（1）come（go）into effect 生效
The law came into effect on October 1.
那项法律将在10月1日生效。
（2）bring/carry/put...into effect实行；实施
These measures will not be brought into effect until next month.
这些措施要到下个月才实施。
特别提示
名词effect在固定词组中一般不加冠词。
3.every now and then/again=every so often
例句集锦
I still see her every now and then.
我时常能看见她。
I like to go to the movies now and then.
我喜欢偶尔去看电影。
Every now and then there is a quarrel.
不时会有争吵。
相关归纳
now... now（then）...时而……时而……
It was now sunny,now（then）rainy.
天气时晴时雨。
The eagle glided through the sky,now rising,now swooping.
鹰在天空中翱翔，时而向上急冲，时而向下猛扑。
4．on sale
例句集锦
Our products are on sale at any supermarket.
我们的产品各超级市场都在出售。
Stephen King’s new novel will go on sale next week.
斯帝芬•金的新小说将于下星期发售。
I could only afford to buy the CD player because it was on sale.
只有大减价时我才买得起这台CD播放器。
The supermarket has pork on sale today.
那家超市今天的猪肉特价。
These ten-dollar shirts are now on sale for five.
这些10美元的衬衫现在特价5美元。
相关归纳
for sale（尤指个人的）出售；待售
The hotel is up for sale.
那家旅馆要出售。
not for sale（告示）非卖品
Excuse me,are these for sale?
请问，这些是准备出售的吗？
There was a for sale sign in the yard.
院子里写着“待售”字样的牌子。
特别提示
on sale指在商店等待出售，上市；而for sale尤指个人的出售。
●必背句型
1.虚拟条件句中省略if的用法
教材原句
Should you have enough energy left after a day on the slopes,you can take a dip in the pool,work out at the gym or go dancing in one of the city’s many hotels and clubs.
经过一天的滑雪，如果你还有足够的精力的话，那么你可以去水池里游一游，或是……
特别提示
注意在虚拟条件句中若省略if,那么其余成分要部分倒装，即将were,had或should移至句首。
补充例句
（1）Were I you（=If I were you）,I would take the job.
如果我是你的话，我就接受那份工作。
（2）Were it not for the sun（=If it were not for the sun）,nothing could exist on the earth.
如果没有太阳，世界上将什么都不存在。
（3）Had they not helped us（=If they had not helped us）,we wouldn’t have succeeded.
如果没有他的帮助，我们就不会成功。
（4）Should it rain tomorrow（=If it should tomorrow）,what would you do?
如果明天下雨，你们怎么办？
（5）Should the teacher come,she could answer all the questions.
老师如果来的话，她会回答所有的问题。
特别提示
此句型一般多用于书面语；条件从句没有were,had 或should等助动词时，不能通过添加did的方式构成倒装。
2.see的一个特殊用法
教材原句
The city saw a series of fierce fights between blacks and whites in the 1960s and Dr. King was shot to death in 1968.
在20世纪60年代，这座城市目睹了一系列的黑人与白人之间的激战和在1968年金先生枪杀。
特别提示
动词see可以以地点或时间作主语，表示某地或某时“经历”“发生”“目睹”了某事。
（1）The year 1976 saw a disastrous earthquake in Tangshan.
1976年发生了唐山大地震。
（2）Dusk saw the little boy wandering in the street.
黄昏时发现这个小孩在街上行走。
（3）China saw a wild spread of SARS in the year 2003.
2003年中国大面积爆发了“非典”。
（4）The following year saw the death of both of her parents.
第二年她的父母双双离开了人间。
疑难突破
1.know,know about/of
know sth.与know about/of sth.的区别在于：know sth.表示直接“认识”或“知道”某事物；而know about sth.表示“得知，了解”有关某事物的情况，“某事物”不是直接知道或认识的对象。
应用
（1）While they are my neighbours,I do not ______them well.
（2）I don’t know him but I ______him.
（3）A teacher,above all,should ______how to deal with the problems taking place in class correctly.
（4）Nothing is______his early life in Holland.
（5）Do you ______anyone here who is able to speak several foreign languages?
答案：（1）know （2）know of/about （3）know （4）known about （5）know of/about
2.sight,scenery,scene,view
sight表示“风景，名胜”，通常用复数形式，指人文景观；scene意为“景色，景象”，通常指某一处的自然风光；scenery是scene（“风景，景色”）的总称；view表示“景色，风景”时，侧重从观看者的角度一眼所看到的景色，是一种动态的“景色”。
应用
（1）Sunday will be kept free for you to enjoy the ______of one of the world’s most famous cities.
（2）The ______up at the lake is just breath-taking.
（3）The mountain ______is（=scenes are）typical of Scotland.
（4）The ______is cut off by the next building.
（5）From the top of the building,you can get a full ______of the city.
答案：（1） sights （2）scenes （3）scenery （4）view （5）view
3.choose,select,pick（out）,elect
choose与select有时可以通用，但select强调在比较广泛的范围内，从很多对象中经过斟酌、考虑，挑选出最合适、最满意的；强调客观的优劣。pick out 多用于口语，常常表示按照个人的喜好或要求进行选择。elect表示“选择，选举”，为正式用语。常指有意识地、按照一定的法律或规章制度，用投票或其他方式选择或选举出，通常后接复合宾语，其宾语补足语是被选举的职务。
应用
（1）There are many designs for us to ______.
（2）I have ______them because of the colors.
（3）If he ______to leave,let him do so.
（4）You may ______any two books listed here.
（5）It was in 1976 that John Adams was ______President.
（6）We ______him our monitor.
答案：（1）select （2）chosen （3）chooses （4）pick out （5）elected （6）elected
典例剖析
【例1】 （2004年全国卷Ⅲ，27）Alice returned from the manager’s office,______me that the boss wanted to see me at once.
A.having told B.tells C.to tell D.telling
剖析：本题考查非谓语动词用法。分词作状语常用逗号和其他成分分开，而不定式则不用。
答案：D
【例2】 （2004年天津，31）—Who is the girl standing over there?
—Well,if you ______know,her name is Mabel.
A.may B.can C.must D.shall
剖析：情态动词must表示“必须，一定要”，在此句中符合语境，如果你一定要知道的话，她名叫“Mabel”。
答案：C
【例3】 Prices of daily goods______through a computer can be lower than store prices.
A.are bought B.bought C.been bought D.buying
剖析：分析句子成分可知，prices of daily goods是句子的主语，其谓语动词是后面的can be,而“______through a computer”只作定语，daily goods和buy是被动关系，因此应用过去分词作定语。
答案：B

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