| （人教版+朗文）初三英语同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 13 The world’s population |
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一. 本周教学内容： I. 词汇： increase, if, multiply, challenge, beginning, square, hardly,prefer, used, beg,worth, secondhand, diagram, discussion, chart, download, path. II. 词组和惯用法： hour after hour 一小时又一小时 multiply …by… …乘以… at the beginning of … 起初、开始 more and more 越来越… prefer to 宁愿（选择），更喜欢 rather than 宁可，是…而不是… beg one’s pardon 请原谅，对不起 be busy doing 忙着做… look at the table 看这张表格 slow down 下降、放慢 standing room only 只有立足之地 in one year 一年后 enough space 足够的地方 the more developed countries发达国家 the less developed countries不发达国家 III. 日常交际用语 What’s the population of … It’s about … billion. Do you think it will increase? What can be done to slow down the population increase? IV. 语法： （1）数的写法和读法 （2）过去将来时的构成及其在宾语从句中的应用。 二. 重点、难点： 1. population A. 集合名词，多用单数 The world’s population is growing fast and fast. B. 在询问人口与人时，注意people 和population 的不同。 How many people 用复数 What the population用单数 How many people are there in Beijing? What’s the population of Beijing? C. 表示人口多少要用large与small来修饰，而不能用very与few来修饰。 Japan has a smaller population than China. D. population 作主语时，谓语可以用单数，也可以用复数，指一个地区或国家的整体人口时，谓语动词通常用单数；强调整体人口中的成员时，谓语动词通常用复数。 The population of Beijing is larger than that of Nanjing. One third of the population of this country are farmers. 2. challenge. A. 用作名词意为“挑战、邀请比赛，常跟介词短语to或动词不定式. He has received a challenge to a game. B. 用作动词时，意为“邀请…比赛，向…挑战，也常接介词短语to或动词不定式 I challenged her to a game of tennis. 我邀请她和我赛一场网球。 He challenged me to play chess. 他向我挑战下象棋。 3. faster and faster 比较级＋and＋比较级，表示越来越… more and more可用来修饰名词，形容词、副词、动词等。 The days are getting longer and longer. More and more people know that it’s important to learn English well. 4. at the beginning of A. beginning 是名词“开始、开端”，反义词ending A good beginning makes a good ending. At the beginning of the century a war broke out. C. in（at）the beginning 是副词短语，意为“起初、开始时”，相当于at first. In the beginning she didn’t know who I was. 5. hardly 几乎不，简直不，同义词组为almost not, almost nothing, almost nobody. A. hardly 一般位于行为动词之前，be动词之后或第一个助动词之后。 We hardly have time to play games. There is hardly anything in the room. I could hardly stop laughing. B. 如果强调hardly而将其置于句首，整个句子需倒装。 “hardly＋助动词＋主语＋实义动词” Hardly did I sleep last night. Hardly can she believe her own eyes. C. 句中有hardly时，反意疑问句中的助动词用肯定形式。 He can hardly work out the problem, can he? 6. prefer的用法 A. prefer（preferred, preferred, preferring） I prefer rice. I prefer to play football. I prefer playing football. B. prefer （doing）A to （doing）B. 与B相比，更喜欢A同义短语，like …better than C. rather than. 宁可、是…而不是… I rather than you should do the work. 该做这工作的是我，而不是你。 He is a musician rather than a teacher. 与其说他是老师，还不如说他是音乐家。 D. prefer …rather than…宁愿，做某事而不愿做另一件事。 These days some people prefer to talk on the phone rather than write letters to each other. 现在有些人宁愿打电话也不愿写信。 7. worth A. worth是形容词，be worth“有…价值，值…” The dictionary is worth ten dollars. B. be worth doing “值得做…” This book is worth reading. This problem is worth thinking about. 【模拟试题】（答题时间：90分钟） I．选择填空 1. That city has ______ population. A. a little B. a few C. a small D. much 2. _____ is the population of Japan, do you know? A. How many B. How much C. Which D. What 3. What ______ in one hundred years? A. happened B. will be happened C. will happen D. happen 4. Fish can't live ______ water. A. with B. at C. without D. on 5. I’m not ______ at English as he is. A. as good B. as well C. good as D. better 6. You can borrow ______ book here if you will return it on time. A. other B. some C. any D. several 7. ______ the beginning _____ the new term students usually work very hard A. In/of B. In/in C. At/in D. At/of 8. They are becoming ___________. A. beautifuler and beautifuler B. more beautiful and more beautiful C. beautiful and beautiful D. more and more beautiful 9. China and India are ______ countries. A. develop B. developed C. developing D. to develop 10. China has the ___________ population in the world. A. smallest B. largest C. most D. more 11. Is there ______room for me to stand in? A. a B. an C. the D./ 12. My parents couldn’t decide whether they ______ send me to a private school next year. A. will B. would C. were D. has to 13. Would you like to read the text as ______ as you can? A. quickly B. quick C. faster D. quicker 14. They were made to work hour ______ hour. A. by B. to C. in D. after 15. The population problem ______the greatest one of the world today. A. may B. maybe C. may be D. be 16.—What are you going to do ______? —I've no idea. A. last B. next C. following D. before 17. Can you find out the answer ______this question? 18. During the last three years my hometown ______ very quickly. A .have changed B. has changed C. changed D. changes 19. I don't know if he ______. If he ______, I’ll let you know. A. comes, comes B. will come, will come C. will come, comes D. comes, will come 20. How do you say 6,281,000,000 in English? A. Six million, two hundred and eighty-one million. B. Six million and two hundred and eight-one thousand. C. Six billion, two hundred and eight-one million. D. Six billion, two hundred and eight-one millions. 21. Many scientists thought that there ______ enough space for men to live in. A. wouldn't be B. wouldn't have C. weren't going to be D. wasn't going to have 22.The paper of this book is not _______. A. enough good B. well enough C. good enough D. enough well 23.The bridge is about ______ long. A. five hundred metre B. five hundred metres C. five hundreds metres D. five hundred of metres 24.The number of the students in our class ______56. A. are B. were C. is D. am 25.–Basketball is the most popular game in America. –_______. A. So does it B. So it does C. So is it D. So it is II．阅读理解 A Peru(秘鲁)is the fifth largest Latin American country with a population of 14430000. Almost half of these people live in the city areas(地区). Around Lima, there were 20% of the total (总数) population in 1961. The population here grew faster than anywhere else and in another 35 years reaches 1 /3 of the total population. About 45% of the people are Indians and 50% are white or mixed（混合人种）and the others are Asians, Negroes(黑人)or people from other countries. In island areas, only about half of the people can read and write, but at the places near the sea, 2/3 of the population can read and write. 1. Which of the following is true? A. Four countries are larger than Peru in Latin America. B. Peru is the largest in the five of Latin American countries. C. Latin is the fifth largest country in North America. D. Five countries are larger than Peru in Latin America. 2. How many Peruvians(秘鲁人)live in the country area? A. 14430000 B. 7215000 C. 4810000 D. 2886000 3. By the year 1996, the population in Lima was possibly ________. A. 2886000 B. 7215000 C. 4810000 D. none of the above 4. In the past 35 years, the population in Lima has grown faster than A. any place in Peru B. any other place in Peru C. any place in Latin America D. any other place in the world 5. People living along the sea are possibly ________. A. better educated (教育) B. worse educated C. poorer in reading D. better at reading but not writing B Life in the twenty-first century will be very different from life today. Between then and now many changes will take place, but what will the changes be? The population is growing fast. There will be many people in the world and most of them will live longer than people live now. Computers will be much smaller and more useful, and there will be at least one in every home. And computer studies will be one of the important subjects in school then. People will work fewer hours than they do now and they will have more free time for sports, watching TV and traveling. Traveling will be much easier and cheaper. And many more people will go to other countries for holidays. There will be changes in our food, too. Maybe no one will eat meat every day. Instead they eat more fruit and vegetables. Maybe people will be healthier. Work in the future will be different, too. Dangerous and hard work can be done by robots. Because of this, many people will not have enough work to do. This will be a problem. 6. There will be ______ in the future. A. small population B. few changes C. more people D. few people 7. In the future the computer will be ______. A. much bigger and few people will use it B. much smaller and more useful C. smaller and not many people will use it D. bigger and a lot of people will use it 8. In the future more people ______. A. will go to other countries for holidays B. will study at school C. will go earlier D. will work for many hours 9. People will prefer ______ to ______ in the future. A. fruit and vegetables, meat B. meat, fruit and vegetable C. fruit and meat, vegetable D. meat and vegetables, fruit 10. The robots will ______ in the future. A. do the dangerous work B. do all the work C. do only housework D. do the easy work for people III. 完形填空 London in the seventeenth century was one of the most beautiful cities in Europe of the time. There 1 many important buildings and one or two famous theatres . There was also one large bridge 2 the River Thames. ___3 , most of Londoners lived in 4 wood houses in the streets. There were 5 drains(下水道), so people 6 their dirty water and rubbish into the streets. It was 7 . 8 September 2nd, 1666, at about three o'clock in the morning, a 9 suddenly started in a shop. There was a strong 10 and the fire went 11 from one street to the 12 . The fire lasted(持续) for three 13 and destroyed 13,200 homes and many other important 14 . This was the 15 of the old city of London. 1. A. are B. have C. were D. had 2. A. though B. in C. on D. across 3. A. Because B. However C. Everywhere D. Still 4. A. strong B. huge C. small D. modern 5. A. no B. many C. several D. all kinds of 6. A. threw B. put C. carried D. used 7. A. instructive B. interesting C. difficult D. dangerous 8. A. During B. On C. In D. About 9. A. fire B. shout C. play D. program 10. A. rain B. snow C. wind D. force 11. A. hurriedly B. quickly C. suddenly D. slowly 12. A. other B. another C. next D. one 13. A. days B. years C. minutes D. hours 14. A. brides B. theatres C. buildings D. cities 15. A. beginning B. middle C. whole D. end IV. 词语练习 A）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. In one minute, 174 ______were born in the world (baby). 2.If the population of the world still grows fast, there will be only______(stand)room on the earth. 3.At the beginning of the ______(twenty)century, the world’s population was about 1,700 million. 4. Our country is becoming _________and _________(strong). 5. America is a _________(develop)country. B）根据句意，在空格中填入适当的词。 6. One hundred is called a _________. 7. France and Germany are ________ countries. 8. The population of the world is still ________ today. 9. ________ about 600 years, there will be standing room only on the earth. 10. I m sure you’ll have a good time ________ you stay in China. C) 找出一处与句子划线部分意思相同或相近的词或词组的选项。 11.We have to wait for the train hour after hour. A. for two hours B. for many hours C. for a while D. for a moment 12.What a strong wind! It goes on and on for three days. A. starts B. finishes C. lasts D. comes 13. The world's population was about 1,700 million at the beginning of the twentieth century. A. a hundred year B. hundreds years C. hundred of years D. a hundred years 14. There is enough space from sixty people. A. room B. rooms C. place D. house l5. During the next hour, over l0, 440 more babies will be born on the earth. A. almost B. nearly C. more than D. less than V. 补全对话 A）填入所缺单词，使对话完整与通顺。 A: Could you ___1___ me your geography（地理）book? B: ___2___. ___3___ you are. A: ___4___you. We have just learned Unit 20. It tells us something ___5__ the world’s population. I want to know ___6___ about ___7___. B: I’m not ____8___it now. A: Thank you very much. B: ___9___ at ___10___. B）从方框内七个句子中，选择五个句子完成对话。 John, Peter and Mark are brothers. Their father has a new car, and they clean it for him in turns. It has just rained, and the car is very dirty. John is looking at it, and he is talking to Peter. John: The car hasn't been cleaned for a few days. Peter: 1 . It is very dirty. John: Someone should clean it today. Peter: Mark should clean it. 2 . John: No, he cleaned it last time. It’s your turn. Peter: 3 I always clean it after you, John: Oh, dear, is it really my turn? But 4 . Peter: Clean it now. Only lazy people leave today's work to tomorrow. John: 5 . Peter & Mark: You are even lazier. VI. 书面表达 下面是一则书面通知，内容要点如下： 1. 今天下午2点半来自一中的王老师给同学们作一场关于世界人口知识的报告。 2. 地点：本校操场。 3. 请同学们2点钟自带椅子和笔记本在操场集合。 4. 会场要保持安静。 5. 请准时参加，不要迟到。 【试题答案】 I． 1. C 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. B 13.A 14. D 15. C 16. B 17. B 18.B 19. C 20. C 21.A 22.C 23.B 24.C 25.D II. 1.A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. A III. 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.C 13. A 14.C 15.D IV. 1.babies 2.standing 3.twentieth 4.stronger, stronger 5. developed 6.century 7.developed 8.growing 9.In 10.during 11.B 12.C 13.D 14. A 15.C V. A) 1.lend 2.Certainly/Sure 3.Here 4.Thank 5.about 6.more 7.it 8.using 9.Not 10.all B) 1-5 A D G F E VI. Mr. Wang from No. 1 Middle School will give us a talk at half past two this afternoon. He will talk about something about the world's population. We'll meet on the school playground at two o’clock. Everyone should take his own chair and notebook. During the lecture we should keep quiet. Don’t be late. |
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