（人教版+汤姆森）初一英语同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 6 Do you like bananas?
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（一）语言目标
谈论爱好和厌恶。
（二）语言功能
学会用英语表达自己喜欢或不喜欢的东西，询问别人是否喜欢，提出建议。
（三）重点句型
Do you like bananas? Yes, I do./No, I don’t.
I like French fries. I don’t like tomatoes.
（四）主题词表

（五）重点词汇及短语
词汇：
like, hamburgers, tomatoes, broccoli, French fries, oranges, ice cream, salad, bananas, eggs, carrots, strawberry, apples, chicken, breakfast, lunch, dinner, fruit, vegetable.
短语：
a lot of like to do sth. like doing sth.
（六）语法
1. 动词like的用法。
2. 一般疑问句的肯定、否定回答。
3. 名词复数的使用。
（七）重难点分析：
1. 可数名词和不可数名词
（1）可数名词：
①定义：是可以计数的名词。
②可数名词前可以用a，an限定。
③可数名词前可以用one，two，three…限定。
④可数名词有复数形式。
（2）不可数名词：
①定义：指不能计数的名词。
②不可数名词前不可以用a，an限定。
③不可数名词前不可以用one，two，three…限定。
④不可数名词没有复数形式。
2. 一般名词的复数形式
（1）一般在名词词尾加-s。如：banana-bananas
（2）以-o，-s，-sh，-ch及-x结尾的名词，在词尾加-es构成复数形式。如：tomato-tomatoes
（3）有些以-o结尾的名词仍加-s。如：photo-photos
（4）以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词，把-y去掉，加-ies。如：family-families
（5）以-f或-fe结尾的名词，把-f，-fe去掉且加-ves。如：life-lives
（6）有些名词以改变拼写来构成复数形式。如：man-men
（7）有些名词单、复数相同。如：sheep-sheep
3. lots of大量的，许多的
lots of 在意思上与a lot of相同，都表示“大量、许多”，但lots of主要用于口语，两个都可以用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词，如：
I haven’t got a lot of time. 我们的时间不多了。
There was lots of money in the safe.
保险箱中有许多钱。
4. Do you like bananas? 你喜欢香蕉吗？
Yes, I do. 是的，我喜欢。（肯定回答）
No, I don’t. 不，我不喜欢。（否定回答）
like是及物动词（vt.），意为“喜欢”“愿意”“想要”，后面可以加名词，代词宾客，动词不定式（to + v. 原形）或动名词（v. -ing）作宾语。例如：
I like this picture. 我喜欢这幅画。（接名词作宾语）
I like her very much. 我非常喜欢她。（接人称代词宾格作宾语）
They like to go with us. 他们喜欢和我们一起去。（接v. 不定式作宾语）
He likes reading in bed. 他喜欢躺在床上看书。（接v. -ing作宾语）
谓语动词为like (s)的一般现在时句式，变否定句要借助助动词do (does) not组成。如：
I don’t like this picture.
He doesn’t like reading in bed. （注意like不再加-s）
谓语动词为like (s)的一般现在时句式，变疑问句时，也要用助动词do (does)，即在句首加Do (Does)，句末用问号，回答时用Yes或No。如：
Do you like salad? Yes, I do. /No, I don’t.
Does he like ice cream? Yes, he does. /No, he doesn’t.
你知道什么时候用do，什么时候用does吗？
当主语为非单数第三人称时，用助动词do。
当主语为单数第三人称时，用助动词does。（does是do的单数第三人称形式）
5. 主语为第三人称单数时一般现在时的结构
肯定式：主语＋谓语 v. 的单数第三人称形式＋其他，如：
He likes bananas a lot. 他非常喜欢吃香蕉。
否定式：主语＋助动词（doesn’t）＋动词原形＋其他。
如：He doesn’t like bananas. 他不喜欢吃香蕉。
疑问式：助动词（Does）＋主语＋动词原形＋其他。
肯定回答：Yes，主语＋does。
否定回答：No，主语＋doesn’t。例如：
Does Kate like meat? 凯特喜欢吃肉吗？
Yes, she does. 是的，她喜欢。
No, she doesn’t. 不，她不喜欢。
6. breakfast的用法
（1）泛指“早饭”，前面不加冠词，例如：
At what time do you have breakfast?
你什么时候吃早点？
Chinese have porridge（粥） for breakfast.
中国人早饭吃粥。
（2）如果breakfast有修饰词，前面通常加不定冠词“a”。例如：
He had a quick breakfast this morning.
他今天早餐吃得很快。
拓展：
at breakfast 吃早饭时
before breakfast 早饭前
after breakfast 早饭后
（3）have sth. for breakfast. 早餐吃……
注：以上用法通用于lunch和supper，另外“吃早（午，晚）餐”常用have breakfast/lunch/supper。
7. like doing 与like to do
两者意思差不多，都是“喜欢做某事”的意思，但也有差别：
like doing 指习惯性的兴趣爱好；
like to do 指某一特定的动作。
例如：I like reading. But I don’t like to read now.
8. fish作可数/不可数名词的用法
fish可以作不可数名词，表示吃的“鱼肉”，没有复数形式；fish也可以作可数名词，表示“鱼”，复数形式为原形，但也可以加-es，表示不同种类的“鱼”，例如：
I like eating fish （fish指“鱼肉”）.
I catch（抓）many fish（fish指“鱼”，复数为原形）.
I catch three fishes （fishes指三种鱼）.
9. like用法小结
（1）like作介词，表示“像……一样”。例如：
You are like your father. 你长得像你爸爸。
Lucy’s hat looks like my cat.
Lucy的帽子看起来像我的猫。
其中be like＝look like。
（2）like作动词，表示“喜欢”。
like作动词时，其主要用法如下：
①like sth. （like接名词或人称代词宾格）如：
I like bananas very much. 我非常喜欢香蕉。
My mother is very clever. I like him very much.
为什么不用he呢？
我的弟弟非常聪明，我非常喜欢他。
②like＋doing sth. 如：
My brother likes swimming, but I like singing.
③like to do sth. 如：
He likes to cook now.
④like sb. to do sth.
I don’t like him to eat like that.
⑤like…a lot＝like…very much非常喜欢。如：
I like my mother a lot.
My brother likes running very much.
⑥like…a little 有点喜欢。如：
—Do you like basketball?
—Yes, I like it a little.
10. 动词be和动词do
至目前我们已学过的动词中，出现了两种不同的动词作谓语，一种是动词be，另一种是动词do（即实义动词）。动词be不表示一个具体的动作，中文意思是“是”或“在”；动词do则表示一个比较具体的行为动作或心理活动，如：work, find, love, play, know, like等。在陈述句中，它们都根据主语人称和数的不同用不同的形式。
△动词be有am, is, are等不同形式，am用于主语为第一人称单数；is用于主语为第三人称单数he, she, it及其他单数或不可数名词，are用于主语为复数第一、二、三人称we, you, they及其他复数名词。
△动词do有do/does等形式，当主语为非单数第三人称时，用原形；当主语为单数第三人称时，用does。
△动词be的否定式是在be后加not，疑问式是把be放在主语前面。例如：
—I’m a boy. I’m not a girl. Are you a girl?
我是一个男孩。我不是一个女孩。你是一个女孩吗？
—Is your home near your school?
—Yes, it is.
你家在你们学校附近吗？ 是的。
△动词do的否定式及疑问式要借助于助动词do/does来构成。下面以work为例，请分析并归纳表中动词work在肯定句、疑问句及否定句中的变化情况。
肯
定
句 I/We/You/They/work here.
My brother and sister work here.
The two Americans work here.
He/She/It works here.
Mary works here.
疑问句及回答 Do you/they work here?
Do your brother and sister work here?
Do the two Americans work here?
Does he/she/it work here?
Does Mary work here? Yes, I/we do.
No, I/we don’t.
Yes, they do.
No, they don’t
Yes, he/she/ it does.
No, he/she/it doesn’t
否定句 I/We/You/They don’t work here.
My brother and sister don’t work here.
The two Americans don’t work here.
He/She/It doesn’t work here.
Mary doesn’t work here.
（八）考题分析
[考题1]用a, an, some完成下列短语。
（1）___________ hamburgers
（2）____________ cake
（3）____________ tomato
（4）____________ orange
（5）____________ egg
（6）____________ salad
解析：本题考查要点1中可数名词用法，可数名词前可以加a, an限定。
答案：（1）some （2）a （3）a （4）an （5）an （6）a
[考题2]写出下列名词的复数形式。
knife _____________ woman _____________
people _____________ radio _____________
potato _____________ sheep _____________
box _____________ watch _____________
apple _____________ baby _____________
答案：knives, women, people, radios, potatoes, sheep, boxes, watches, apples, babies
[考题3]I have _____________ friends in Wuhan.
A. much B. a lots of C. lots of D. a lot
解析：此题是辨析表示“许多”的几种说法的区别。much修饰不可数名词，a lot of＝lots of都是修饰可数名词，因此本题选C。
答案：C
[考题4]连接问题与回答：
（1）Do you like French fries?
（2）Does she like bananas?
（3）Does he like oranges?
（4）Do they like tomatoes?
（5）What do you like to eat?
a. I like hamburgers.
b. No, he doesn’t.
c. Yes, she does.
d. Yes, I do.
e. No, they don’t.
解析：此题考查要点4中like的一般现在时疑问句的回答。
答案：（1）d，（2）c，（3）b，（4）e，（5）a
[考题5]
（1）She _____________ oranges, but she _____________ apples.
A. like, don’t like B. likes, doesn’t likes
C. likes, doesn’t like D. likes, don’t like
（2）_____________ he _____________ a computer?
A. Does, has B. Does, have
C. Do, have D. Is, having
解析：（1）本题考查主语为单数第三人称时一般现在时的肯定式和否定式结构。注意加助动词doesn’t后，like用原形。（2）本题考查一般现在时主语为单数第三人称时，一般疑问句的结构。
答案：（1）C （2）B
[考题6]
（1）I often _____________ supper before 7:00.
A. have B. eat C. have a D. have the
（2）Today is Mid-Autumn Day. We have _____________ lunch.
A. a big B. a light
C. big D. the big
解析：（1）句意为“我经常在七点以前吃晚饭。”吃早/中/晚饭，英语里用have breakfast/lunch/supper来表达。不用eat，也不能带冠词a/an/the。（2）句意为“今天是中秋节，我们吃了一顿_____________午餐。”have a big lunch表示吃了一顿丰盛的午餐，have a light lunch表示吃了少量的午餐。
答案：（1）A （2）A
[考题7] Do you like _____________ football after class?
A. to play to B. playing
C. to play D. plays
解析：本题是问“下课后你喜欢踢足球吗？”，是指某一特定动作，故用like to do sth. 句型，且踢足球是“play football”。
答案：C
[考题8]I like eating _____________. Mum buys two _____________ for lunch.
A. fish, fish B. fish, fishes
C. fishes, fishes D. fish, fishs
解析：句意为“我喜欢吃鱼，妈妈为午餐买了两条鱼”。前一个fish指“鱼肉”，为不可数名词，后一个“fish”为可数名词，指“鱼”，复数为原形。
答案：A
[考题9]
（1）I _____________ my mother and I _____________ her very much.
A. like, like B. am like, likes
C. look like, am like D. am like, like
（2）假设你是Kate，看下面的表格， 是非常喜欢， 为有点喜欢， 为根本不喜欢，写出表中所列内容。
Name hamburgers tomatoes apples
Kate
Tom
Paul
I don’t like ________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
解析：（1）句意为“我像我的妈妈，并且我非常喜欢她。”前一个like为介词，用be like/look like作谓语，后一个like为动词，主语为非单数第三人称，用原形作谓语。（2）本题考查了本单元重点语言目标——谈论喜欢和不喜欢，其中综合运用了要点4、5中主语为单数第三人称时，肯定句式和否定句式的用法，并且还考查了学生动手书写的能力。
答案：（1）D
（2）I don’t like hamburgers at all. But I like apples a little. My friend Tom likes tomatoes a little and he likes apples very much. My friend Paul likes hamburgers a lot, but he doesn’t like apples at all.
[考题10] （1）情景反应。
从B栏中找出与A栏中相对的答语。
A
①Does her father like oranges?
②Does your sister like ice cream?
③What do you like to have for lunch?
④Do you like a broccoli?
⑤Do they like vegetables?
⑥Where are the apples?
⑦Is the tomato green?
⑧What color is the banana?
B
A: Yes, I do.
B: No, it isn’t. It’s red.
C: In the basket.
D: No, they don’t.
E: No, he doesn’t.
F: It’s yellow.
G: I like French fries.
H: Yes, she does. She likes it very much.
（2）连词成句，注意字母大小写及标点符号：
①those, are, in, what, English （疑问句）
________________________________________________________
②he, like, does, hamburgers （疑问句）
________________________________________________________
③they, a, have, do, computer（疑问句）
________________________________________________________
④do, like, not, they, ice cream （陈述句）
________________________________________________________
⑤is, friend, Gina, my, this （陈述句）
________________________________________________________
解析：（1）本题中以连线形式考查了动词be和do的疑问句式及其回答。（2）本题以连词成句形式考查了动词be和do的陈述句式和疑问句式。
答案：（1）①E，②H，③G，④A，⑤D，⑥C，⑦B，⑧F
（2）①What are those in English?
②Does he like hamburgers?
③Do they have a computer?
④They don’t like ice cream.
⑤This is my friend, Gina.
【模拟试题】（答题时间：70分钟）
I. 请根据语境，将所给单词填入下列各句。（5分）
A. apples B. breakfast C. carrots
D. hamburgers E. broccoli D. dinner
G. potatoes H. oranges I. salad
J. French fries
1. Tom likes fruit, so he likes __________ and __________.
2. —What vegetables do you like?
—I like __________, __________ and __________.
3. I usually drink milk for __________ and __________.
4. —Do you like western food?
—Yes, I like __________, __________ and __________.
II. 请根据首字母及句意填空。（5分）
5. There is a F book on the dresser.
6. Jones is a famous （著名的） r .
7. I have 52 baseball bats and l of baseballs.
8. My grandfather e potatoes for dinner every day.
9. —Do you like oranges, Tanya?
—Yes, I do. They are h .
III. 请根据上下文及图片填写单词，补全短文。（5分）
Movie star Julia Lopez eats lots of healthy food. For breakfast, she has ___10___, ___11___, and ___12___. For lunch, she likes ___13___, ___14___, ___15___, and ___16___. And for dinner, she has ___17___, ___18___, and ___19___ for dessert.
IV. 冠词考场。请选出正确的一项填入空格中。（10分）
A. The B. 不填 C. an D. a
20. I have _________ banana and _________ apple.
21. Do you like _________ salad? _________ salad is good.
22. For dinner, she has _________ chicken.
23. I don’t like _________ apples. What about you, Elena?
24. This is _________ English book. _________ book isn’t Tom’s.
25. My brother has _________ soccer ball. But he doesn’t like playing _________ soccer.
V. 选择填空。（10分）
26. _________ your parents _________ bananas?
A. Do, like B. Does, like C. Do, likes
27. —Does Bruce _________ chicken?
—Yes, he _________.
A. likes, does B. likes, do C. like, does
28. —_________ your sister _________ salad every day?
—No.
A. Do, have B. Does, have C. Does, has
29. My mother _________ fruits, but she likes vegetables.
A. like B. don’t like C. doesn’t like
30. Let’s _________ ice cream!
A. have B. has C. to have
31. _________ lunch, Bill and his brother _________ hamburgers and broccoli.
A. For, like B. For, likes C. To, like
32. Maggie has _________ food for breakfast.
A. lots B. lots of C. a lot
33. Runner eats _________.
A. good B. nice C. well
34. Tom likes salad, but his sister doesn’t like _________.
A. him B. them C. it
35. Eat fruits, they make you _________.
A. healthy B. difficult C. interesting
VI. 请为下列各句选择适当的答语。（5分）
（ ）36. Does she have a tennis racket?
（ ）37. Do they like these interesting books?
（ ）38. Let’s have carrot ice cream.
（ ）39. Thanks a lot.
（ ）40. Is there any salad on the table?
A. Yes, they do.
B. You are welcome.
C. No, there isn’t.
D. Sorry, I don’t know.
E. That sounds great.
VII. 连词成句，并将各句填入下列短文，使其符合逻辑。（10分）
A. breakfast; he; every; eats; for; them; and; dinner; day
______________________________________________________
B. of; my; has; food; lots; mother; healthy
______________________________________________________
C. ice; you; like; do; cream
______________________________________________________
D. eating; like; I; fruit
______________________________________________________
E. well; we; eat
______________________________________________________
There are three people in my family. ____41____. My father likes tomatoes very much. ____42____. ____43____. And she likes salad and milk. ____44____, but I don’t like vegetables. For dessert, we like oranges and ice cream. ____45____?
VIII. 短文填充。（20分）
A
根据图表，完成短文
breakfast lunch dinner
Rose eggs fish broccoli
Jack French fries hamburgers chicken
Rose and Jack are my friends. They eat different things every day. For breakfast, Rose likes ____46____, but Jack likes ____47____. For lunch, Jack ____48____ like fish, he likes hamburgers. And for ____49____, Rose has broccoli. I think Rose ____50____ healthy food.
B
Mary is a student. She is ____51____. She ____52____ many kinds of food. She likes fruit, ____53____ she doesn’t like ____54____. She likes junk food, too. So she is a little bit fat. She is not very ____55____.
51. （ ）
A. six year old B. six years old C. six years olds
52. （ ）
A. have B. has C. doesn’t have
53. （ ）
A. and B. or C. but
54. （ ）
A. oranges B. orange C. a orange
55. （ ）
A. difficult B. boring C. healthy
IX. 阅读理解。（20分）
A
请根据短文内容填写表格。
Bill has a brother Tom and a sister Lily. They have meals together every day. Bill and Tom like apples but Lily doesn’t like them. Lily likes carrots, but Bill hates them. Tom likes fruits but he doesn’t like vegetables. So their parents think they are not very healthy.
likes doesn’t like
Bill ___56___ ___57___
___58___ fruits ___59___
Lily ___60___ apples
B
读短文，判断正（T）误（F）。
One day, Tom and his father go out for a walk. Suddenly they see a big brown dog. The dog begins to bark（汪汪叫）. Tom is afraid. He wants to run home. His father says: “Don’t be afraid, Tom. Don’t you know the saying（谚语）, a barking dog does not bite（咬人）?”

“Oh, yes,” said Tom, “I know the saying, you know the saying, but does the dog know the saying?”
61. Tom and his father go home one day. （ ）
62. They see a big dog barking. （ ）
63. Tom isn’t afraid of the dog. （ ）
64. tom wants to run home. （ ）
65. The dog knows the saying, too. （ ）
X. 写作。（10分）
A
这是Jenny和她的好朋友Nancy，现在Jenny要向同学们介绍她和Nancy的饮食爱好，请你帮她写一个简短的发言稿。（5分）
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
B
假如你收到澳大利亚笔友John的来信，他提到自己的饮食习惯，也很想知道你一日三餐都喜欢吃什么，请你给他回信，说说自己感兴趣的食物。（注意格式）（5分）

___________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Yours,
_________

【试题答案】
I. 1. A; H
2. C; E; G
3. B; F
4. D; I; J
II.
5. French 6. runner 7. lots
8. eats 9. healthy
III.
10. eggs 11. broccoli 12. oranges
13. hamburgers 14. salad 15. chicken
16. strawberries 17. tomatoes 18. French fries
19. ice cream
IV.
20. D; C 21. B; A 22. B 23. B 24. C; A
25. D; B
V.
26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. A
31. A 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. A
VI.
36. D 37 A 38. E 39. B 40. C
VII.
A. He eats them for breakfast and dinner every day.
B. My mother has lots of healthy food.
C. Do you like ice cream?
D. I like eating fruit.
E. We eat well.
41. E 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. C
VIII.
（A）
46. eggs 47. French fries 48. doesn’t
49. dinner 50. eats/has
（B）
51. B 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. C
IX.
（A）
56. apples 57. carrots 58. Tom
59. vegetables 60. carrots
（B）
61. F 62. T 63. F 64. T 65. F
X.
（A）One possible version
Nancy and I are good friends. We like bananas very much. For breakfast, I like eggs and milk, but she likes hamburgers and coffee. For lunch, we like meat and vegetables. For dinner, I like fruit and coffee. Nancy likes oranges and ice cream.
（B）One possible version
Dear John,
Thanks for your letter. For breakfast, I have hamburgers and eggs. I like salad and pizza for lunch. For dinner, I have vegetables and ice cream. I like strawberry ice cream best. Do you like it?

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