高考第一轮复习英语：高一Unit 11-Unit 12
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知识梳理
Ⅰ.网络构建
词汇 单词 suggestion *instrument perform *characteristic character contain spread variety universal record satisfy desire *emotion *process express *entertain treat literature *comedy local exhibition power *magic series forehead *miserable habit whisper stupid announcement
词组 in common turn...into a world of on the other hand at the same time agree with in trouble come across believe in turn around make friends with
语法 复习被动语态 复习定语从句
Ⅱ.重点精讲
●重点单词
1.suggest v.
suggestion n.
例句集锦
May I suggest a white wine with this dish,sir?
先生，吃这道菜，我给你推荐一种白葡萄酒，好吗？
He suggested setting out at once.
他建议马上动身。
Did he suggest what to do next?
他建议下一步干什么了吗？
We all suggested that he（should）be taken to hospital as soon as possible.
我们都建议尽快把他送到医院去。
The doctor suggested that I not work any longer.
医生建议我不能再工作了。
It has been suggested that bright children take their exams early.
有人提议天资好的孩子提前考试。
Who would you suggest for the job?
要你说，谁适合做这个工作？
The pale face suggested that she was ill.
她脸色苍白，这表明她病了。
All the evidence suggests that he stole the money.
所有证据都表明是他偷了钱。
I’d like to hear your suggestions for ways of raising money.
关于筹集资金的办法，我想听听你的意见。
He agreed with my suggestion that we should change the date.
他同意我提出的更改日期的建议。
His suggestion was that the match（should）be put off.
他的建议是比赛延期。
用法归纳
*suggest的主要义项有：（1）建议，提议；（2）推荐，举荐；（3）使人联想到；表明；暗示。常见搭配为：（1）+名词；（2）+动名词；（3）+that从句。
*suggestion的主要义项有：提议；建议；迹象
特别提示
（1）suggest作“建议”讲，后接宾语从句时，从句中用should do，should可省略。
（2）suggest作“表明、暗示”讲，后接宾语从句时，从句中的时态应视情况而定，不用虚拟语气。
（3）suggestion作“建议”讲时，其后无论跟表语从句还是同位语从句，从句中都应用should do，should可省略。
2.spread
例句集锦
v.
Sue spread the map out on the floor.
苏在地板上摊开地图。
She spread her arms and the child ran towards her.
她张开双臂，孩子向她跑来。
The disease is spread by mosquitoes.
这种疾病是通过蚊子传播的。
Within weeks,his confidence had spread throughout the team.
短短几个星期，他的信心感染了全体队员。
The fire rapidly spread to adjoining buildings.
大火迅速蔓延到邻近的建筑物。
n.
Shut doors to delay the spread of fire.
把门关上以延缓火势的蔓延。
Thousands of people were closed off to prevent the spread of the disease.
数千人被隔离以防止疾病的传播。
用法归纳
*spread可以用作动词和名词。主要义项有：展开；打开；摊开；传播；散布；蔓延。
3.satisfy
例句集锦
Nothing satisfies him—he’s always complaining.
什么都难如他的意——他老在抱怨。
The proposed plan will not satisfy everyone.
提议中的计划不会让所有人都满意。
The education system must satisfy the needs of all children.
教育系统必须满足所有儿童的需要。
She failed to satisfy all the requirements for entry to the college.
她没有达到进入那所学院的全部要求。
Her explanation did not satisfy the teacher.
她的解释没有让老师信服。
Once I had satisfied myself that it was the right decision,we went ahead.
一旦我自己确信这个决定是正确的，我们便动手干了起来。
用法归纳
*satisfy的主要义项有：使满意；使满足；满足（要求、需要等）；向（某人）证实；确信。
4.desire
例句集锦
v.
We all desire health and happiness.
我们都渴望健康和幸福。
The house had everything you could desire.
这房子里你要什么有什么。
The medicine did not achieve the desired effect.
这种药没达到预期的效果。
Fewer people desire to live in the north of the country.
想住在这个国家北方的人就更少了。
n.
She felt an overwhelming desire to return home.
她感到想回家的愿望难以遏制。
I have no desire（=I don’t want） to discuss the matter further.
我不想再谈此事。
He has expressed a desire to see you.
他表示想见见你。
When she agreed to marry him he felt he had achieved his heart’s desire.
当她答应嫁给他时，他感到终于随心所愿。
用法归纳
*desire可以用作动词和名词。作动词时，主要义项有：渴望；期望。作名词时，主要义项有：愿望；欲望；渴望；渴望的人；渴望的事物。
5.treat
例句集锦
v.
Treat your keyboard with care and it should last for years.
小心使用你的键盘，这样你可以使用很多年。
My parents still treat me like a child.
父母仍然把我当成孩子。
He was treated as a hero on his release from prison.
他获释出狱时被当成英雄看待。
She was treated for sunstroke.
她因中暑而接受治疗。
n.
We took the kids to the zoo as a special treat.
作为特别的消遣，我们带孩子到动物园去。
When I was young,chocolate was a treat.
我年轻的时候，吃巧克力是一种难得的享受。
Let’s go out for lunch—my treat.
咱们到外面去吃午餐，我请客。
用法归纳
*treat可以用作动词和名词。动词的主要义项有：以……态度对待；以……方式对待；医疗；医治；治疗。名词的主要义项有：乐趣；乐事；款待。
相关归纳
（1）treat sth.as sth.把……看作；把……视为
I decided to treat his remark as a joke.
我决定把他的话当作戏言。
（2）treat sb./oneself to sth.招待；款待；请（客）；买（可享受的东西）。
She treated him to lunch.她请他吃午饭。
Don’t worry about the cost—I’ll treat you.
别担心费用，我来替你付。
I’m going to treat myself to a new pair of shoes.
我打算给自己买双新鞋。
（3）a treat 极为有效；棒极了
His idea worked a treat（=was successful）.
他的主意极为奏效。
6.habit 习惯
例句集锦
You need to change your eating habits.
你得改变你的饮食习惯。 It’s all right to borrow money occasionally,but don’t let it become a habit.
偶尔借点钱没关系，但不要养成习惯。
相关归纳
（1）be in the/a habit of=have the/a habit of 有……的习惯（或脾气）
I’m not in the habit of letting strangers into my apartment.
我不习惯让陌生人进我家。
（2）get/fall into the/a habit of 养成……的习惯
I’ve got into the habit of turning on TV as soon as I get home.
我习惯了一回家就打开电视。
（3）break/get out of the/a habit of戒除……的习惯
I’m trying to break the habit of staying up too late.
我正试图改掉熬夜的习惯。
●重点短语
1.in common共用；公有
例句集锦
They hold the poverty as tenants in common.
作为共同租赁人，他们共同占用这份房地产。
Real friends should have everything in common.
真正的朋友应该共同拥有一切。
相关归纳
（1）have sth.in common（with sb.）（想法、兴趣等方面）相同
Jane and I have nothing in common./I have nothing in common with Jane.
我与简毫无共同之处。
（2）have sth.in common（with sth.）（东西、地方等）有相同的特征（或特点）
The two cultures have a lot in common.
这两种文化有许多相同之处。
（3）in common with sb./sth.与……相同
In common with many people,he prefers classical music to pop.
像很多人一样，他喜欢古典音乐而不喜欢流行音乐。
2.ask sb.for advice 向某人征求建议
Can I ask you for some advice on reading?
我能向你征求有关阅读的建议吗？
相关归纳
（1）give advice 提出建议
He gave us several pieces of advice.
他给我们提了几条建议。
（2）take（accept,follow）one’s advice接受某人的建议
He often asks me for advice but sometimes when I give him advice,he won’t accept/follow my advice.
他经常向我征求意见，但是当我给他提建议时，他又不愿意接受。
3.in trouble处于不幸、苦恼、困境中；有麻烦
例句集锦
He is always ready to help anyone who is in trouble.
他总是乐于帮助有麻烦的人。
If I don’t get this finished in time,I’ll be in trouble.
我如不按时把这完成就要倒霉了。
He is in trouble with the police.
他犯事落入警察手里。
His friends help him when he is in trouble.
当他遇到麻烦事时，他的朋友会帮助他。
相关归纳
（1）get into trouble遇到麻烦；出事
A yachtsman got into trouble off the coast and had to be rescued.
一个驾驶帆船的人在海上遇险需要救援。
（2）take the trouble to do sth.不辞辛劳地做；不厌其烦地做
She didn’t even take the trouble to find out how to spell my name.
她嫌麻烦，甚至连我的姓名如何拼写都不想搞清楚。
4.come across
（1）+sb./sth.（偶然）遇见，碰见，发现
（2）被理解，被弄懂，给人以……印象，使产生……印象
例句集锦
I came across children sleeping under bridge.
我偶然发现睡在桥下的孩子。
She came across some old photographs in a drawer.
她在抽屉里偶然发现了一些旧照片。
He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn’t really come across.
他讲了很久，但并没有人真正理解他的意思。
She comes across well in interviews.
她在面试中常给人留下很好的印象。
5.used to do（用于表示过去持续或经常发生的事）曾经；过去常常
例句集锦
Harry also learns to be brave and to do things he used to be afraid of.
哈利也变得大胆了，敢于做过去不敢做的事。
When I worked on a farm,I used to get up at 5 a.m.
我在农场劳动时，总是早上五点起床。
We used to go sailing on the lake in summer.
从前的夏天，我们经常泛舟湖上。
I didn’t use to like him much when we were at school.
以前我们同学时，我并不太喜欢他。
You used to see a lot of her,didn’t you?
你过去常见到她，是吗？
相关归纳
（1）be/get used to sth./doing sth.习惯于某事（做某事）
I used to get up late,but now I am used to getting up early.
我曾经起床很晚，但现在已习惯早起了。
I found the job tiring at first but I soon got used to it.
起初我觉得这工作很累人，但很快就习惯了。
（2）be used to do sth.被用来做……
Pieces of the palaces that had been hidden before the Nazis came could be used to rebuild the city and its culture.
在纳粹分子来之前藏起来的宫殿里的一件件的物品可以用来重建这座城市和文化古迹。
●必背句型
1.even if/though引导的状语从句
教材原句
Can you enjoy music from other parts of the world even if you don’t understand the words?
即使你不明白歌词的意思，你也能欣赏世界其他地方的音乐吗？
特别提示
（1）只能说even though，不可说even although。
（2）在even if /though引导的状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。
补充例句
I’ll get there even though I have to walk.
我就是走也要走到那里去。
Even if he is very nice,I don’t really trust him.
尽管他很好，我并不真正信任他。
I’ll help you,even if I don’t sleep for night.
即使我一夜不睡，我也要帮你。
相关归纳
（1）even so尽管如此；即使这样
He is a very nice person.Even so,I don’t really trust him.
他是一个非常好的人，即使这样，我也不真正信任他。
（2）even now/then甚至到现在（或那时）；即使是这样（或那样）
I’ve shown him the photographs but even now he won’t believe me.
我把照片给他看了，即使是这样他仍然不相信我。
Even then she would not admit her mistake.
甚至到那时她还是不肯认错。
2.while引导的状语从句
教材原句
He wrote this song while he was fishing.
他钓鱼的时候写的这首歌。
特别提示
（1）注意while的不同含义：①表示时间，意思是“当……时；在……同时”；②表示让步，意思是“虽然；尽管”；③表示转折对比，意思是“然而；但”。
（2）注意while引导的状语从句中的时态：用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。
补充例句
He fell asleep while（he was）doing his homework.
他做作业时睡着了。
While there is life,there is hope.（=As long as there is life,there is hope.）
留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。
While I understand your opinion,I don’t agree with you.
虽然我理解你的观点，但我并不同意你的意见。
He observed that feathers fell to the ground slowly,while stones fell much faster.
他注意到羽毛落地缓慢，而石头落地要快得多。
While it’s winter here in our country right now,it’s summer in South Africa.
虽然我们这儿现在是冬天，而南非却是夏天。
You should keep silent while I am writing.
我写作时你不应该说话。
3.部分否定句
教材原句
He knew that the church had many secret rooms and that not all of them were safe.
他知道教堂里有很多密室，而且并不是所有的密室都安全。
特别提示
如果句中使用了all，both，every，再使用否定词not，无论not出现在何处，该句都应视为部分否定句，译成“并不是……”。
补充例句
Not all of us agree with him.
=We don’t all agree with him.
我们并不是都同意他的观点。
Not every student passed the exam.
=Every student didn’t pass the exam.
并不是每一个学生考试都及格了。
Not both of them are students.
=Both of them are not students.
他们俩并不都是学生。
相关归纳
全部否定句
特别提示
表示全部否定时，三者或三者以上用none；两者用neither。
None of us agreed with him.
我们都不同意他的观点。
None of the students passed the exam.
学生考试都没及格。 Neither of them are students.
他们俩都不是学生。
4.含有if only的句子
教材原句
If only they could find a way to get to the room,or whatever it was,behind the wall.
他们要是能够找到一条通道进入墙壁后面的那个房间，或无论什么地方，该有多好!
特别提示
if only后常接过去时或过去完成时，表达强烈的愿望或遗憾。
补充例句
If only you hadn’t told Jackie what I said,everything would have been all right.
要是你没把我的话告诉杰克就好了，那样就不会出什么问题了。
If only I were rich.但愿我很富有。
If only he’d remembered to send that letter.
要是他没忘记发那封信就好了。
If only he would listen to reason!
他要是能听得进道理就好了。
相关归纳
（1）only if只有
Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to leave the room.
学生只有得到老师的许可才能离开教室。
Only if the red light comes on is there any danger to employees.
只有红灯闪亮时才有危及职工的险情。
特别提示
only if引导的从句放在句首时，主句采用部分倒装语序。
（2）if not不然；要不
I’ll go if you’re going.If not（=if you don’t go）,I’d rather stay at home.
你去我就去，不然的话，我宁愿待在家里。
Do you want that cake?If not,I’ll have it.
你要那块蛋糕吗？不然我就要了。
（3）if so
Have you got a free evening next week?If so（=if you have）,let’s have dinner.
下周你哪一个晚上有空？如果没事，我们去吃一顿。
特别提示
该短语经常用来代替完整的句子，译法较活。
（4）but for若不是，要不是
But for your help,we wouldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.
要不是有你的帮助，我们就不会提前完成工作。
特别提示
but for等于if it were not for...； if it hadn’t been for...所在的句子常用虚拟语气。
5.when引导的句子
教材原句
He was about to say something when Pete turned around.
他正要说点什么，皮特突然转过身来。
特别提示
when作连词时，主要义项有：（1） 在那时，突然……；（2） 当……时候；（3） 刚（一）……就……；（4） 如果（同if）；（5） 可是，虽然；（6） 既然（同since）
补充例句
He was about to tell me the secret when someone patted him on the shoulder.
他正要告诉我那个秘密，这时有人拍拍他的肩膀。
I’ll go to see you when you come back.
你回来时我去看你。
I had hardly left home when it began to rain.
我刚离开家，天就下雨了。
Call me at once when anything goes wrong with the machine.
如果机器有什么问题，请马上给我打电话。
She usually walks when she might ride.
虽然她可以坐车，但她通常步行。
Why did you write with a pencil when you know you should write in ink？
既然你知道应该用钢笔写，为什么你还用铅笔写？
疑难突破
1.believe,believe in
believe表示“相信某件事情或某人的话”。
believe in sb./sth.表示“相信某人或某物的存在”或“信赖；信任；相信某人会成功”。
应用
（1）Do you ______God?
（2）They need a leader they can ______.
（3）You can ______ him this time but you’d better not ______him.
（4）Don’t you ______what I say?=Don’t you ______me?
答案：（1）believe in （2）believe in （3）believe,believe in （4）believe,believe
2.at one time,at times,at all times,at a time,at no time,at the same time,for a time
（1）at one time（=once）意为“从前、曾经”。
（2）at times（=sometimes）意为“有时、间或”。
（3）at all times（=always）意为“一直、随时”。
（4）at a time（=each time）意为“一次、每次”。
（5）at no time意为“在任何时候都不、绝不”。
（6）at the same time意为“同时”。
（7）for a time意为“一度、一段时间”,相当于for some time。
应用
（1）In class you should listen to your teacher ______not ______.
（2）We were good friends ______,but aren’t now.
（3）Please give me two books ______.
（4）We couldn’t say who came earlier.They almost arrived ______.
（5）You should ______waste your time playing computer games.
（6）He was a professor of a university in Beijing ______.Now he studies in America.
答案：（1）at all times,at times （2）at one time （3）at a time （4）at the same time
（5）at no time （6）for a time
3.power,strength,force
这三个词都有“力量”之意。
power用法最广，用于各种身的、心的、隐藏的、外显的力量，也可指事物的某种作用力或动力。
strength指内部的能力，是身体组织内存在的体力。
force指运用或发挥出来的外在的、活动的力，含有克服阻力而使人或物按要求的方向运动之意。
应用
（1）Knowledge is ______.
（2）The boy lifted the stone with all his ______.
（3）She doesn’t have enough ______to walk upstairs.
（4）Carrying this baggage requires a lot of ______.
（5）The ______ of the wind knocked over a tree.
答案：（1）power （2）strength （3）strength （4）power （5）force
典例剖析
【例1】 （2004年上海，38）Jasmine was holidaying with her family in wildlife park ______ she was bitten on the leg by a lion.
A.when B.while C.since D.once
剖析：全句意思为：“Jasmine与家人正在野生公园度假，这时她的腿被狮子咬了。”when有“在那时，突然……”之意，故选A。参见“必背句型5”。
答案：A
【例2】 （2004年江苏，23）______ I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person.
A.While B.Since C.Before D.Unless
剖析：本题考查从属连词的用法。从题干内容看，主句和从句之间存在让步关系，而连词while含有“虽然，虽则”之意，故选A项。全句意思为：“虽然我承认他不是个完美的人，但事实上我的确喜欢这个人。”参见“必背句型2”。
答案：A
【例3】 （2004年天津，24）When he left ______ college,he got a job as ______ reporter in a newspaper office.
A./；a B./；the C.a；the D.the；the
剖析：leave college/school 意为“离校，毕业或肄业 ”，get a job as a/an+n.意为“找到一份干……的工作”。
比较：Elvis left school and became a truck driver.艾尔维斯毕业后当了一名卡车司机。
答案：A
【例4】 （2004年湖北，28）______ with the size of the whole earth,the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
A.Compare B.When comparing C.Comparing D.When compared
剖析：本题考查分词的用法。句子主语ocean与compare之间存在被动关系，因此用过去分词。When compared=When the biggest ocean is compared with...。
答案：D
补充：
【例1】 （2004年浙江，31）______ modeling business is by no means easy to get into,the good model will always be in demand.
A.While B.Since C.As D.If
剖析：全句意思为：虽然模特行业不容易进入，但优秀的模特总是哪里都需要。
答案：A
【例2】 （2002年上海,31）Alec asked the policeman ______ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.
A.with him B.who C.with whom D.whom
剖析： 本题结构较为复杂：Alec asked the policeman to contact him为主句；______he worked为定语从句，修饰policeman。首先排除A项，因为him不能引导定语从句。依据定语从句中谓语动词work的搭配习惯，排除B、D两项，因为“与……一同工作”用work with。
答案：C

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