| 语法题析---动词不定式及动名词 |
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动词不定式和动名词出题频率比较稳定，即不频繁，亦无间断。命题焦占主要集中在动词不定式和动名词的基本功能及正确形式，即（1）不定式to后面接原形动词，（2）动名词具有动词和名词两重功能，介词后面的动词必须以动名词形式出现。不定式和动名词常考题型 1. 不定型工to后面接原形动词 例题分析 (1) Astronauts circling the Earth may get to seen sixteen sunrises and sixteen sunsets every day. [答案] 动词不定型式的标志to后面应接动词原形see。 (2) Using their bills as needles, tailorbirds sew large leaves together with plant fiber to forming their nests. [答案] to forming应改为to form正确的不定式形式。 (3) The poetry of E.E Cummings illustrates the way in which some poets bend graminastical rules as they strive to expression their insights. [答案] 动词不定式to后面只能接原形动词，不能接名词。 (4) The dromedary camel is raised especially to racing. [答案] 这是一个非常简单的动词不定式错误形式的考题。Racing应改为race,与to组成不定式。 2. 动词不定式作目的状语 解题要点 不定式结构在句中可以作多种成分，目的状语则是常考到的形式。 例题分析 (1) A fuel is a substance used ------- light, heat .or energy . (A) generating (B) generates (C) to generate (D) it is generating [答案] C 根据句意及结构，此句固选择动词不定式作目的状语。 (2) ------ stereophonic phonograph records, two recordings are made of the same musical performance. (A) Creates (B) Created (C) The creating of (D) To create (92.10) [答案] D 这是典型的不定式作目的状语的句子。目的状语放在句首是表示强调。 (3) ------- time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers and a thumb. (A) Saved (B) Saves (C) To save (D) The saving (91.5) [答案] C 此句与上面例题结构相同。不定式作目的状语，且放在句首表示强调。 3. 动名词的正确用法 解题要点 有关名词的考题并不很多，但有一个常出现的题型；介词后面的动词一定要用动名词形式，作介词的宾语。 例题分析 (1) Microwave cooking can be accurately described as the first absolutely new method of prepare food since the discovery of fire. [答案] 介词of后面应接动名词形式，即of preparing。 (2) Most crickets have two pairs of fully developed wings, and muscular hind legs for jump. [答案] 动名原形jump位于介词for后面，故应改为动句词jumping。 (3) Because it is a healthful way to exercise derobic dancing is considered an excellent method for release tension. [答案] 动名词原形release位于介词for后面，故应改为动名词releasing。 (4) The Cubist movement in art was reaction against traditional methods of portray reality. [答案] 动词原形portray应改为动名词portraying即作前面介词of的宾语，自身又带宾语reality。 |
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