语法题析---基本句子结构 |
||||
中学英语教学资源网 → 英语教案 → 语法专题指导 手机版 | ||||
结构指的是句子的基本结构,表达法所指内容极为广泛,概括地讲,它指英文句子中词和短语的正确形式以及词与词,词与短语的正确搭配。这里主要讲解有关结构的命题,即英文句子的基本构成形式。 基本句子结构常考题型及解题要点 一般来讲,所考的有关句子结构的题目都比较简单,通常是正常词序的简单句和复合句,即主语-谓语-宾语或主语-系词-表语两种基本词序。倒装句、省略句、强调句试题也时有出现。但所占比例很小。 基本句型 (1)简单句 主- 谓- 宾 主- 系- 表 (2)复合句 主句 +连词 +从句 连词 +从句 ,主句 (3)并列句 句1 + 连词 + 句2 基本概念 (1)有主语、有谓语方可称为句子,否则为短语。 (2)主句和从句必须有连接词衔接。连接句可在两个句子中间,亦可放置于句首。 解题要点 (1)寻找谓语动词或系动词以确定主谓结构 (2)寻找连接词以确定句子结构 (3)分别检查主句和从句的主谓结构 例题分析 1. 简单句中主语谓语要完整 (1)In addition to pleasure, _____ excitement, challenge, and relaxation. (A) the providing of garrets (B) games if providing (C) the games which provide (D) games provide [答案] D 空格前为一介词短语、空格后为三个并列名。此句即无主语,也无谓语,故选择含有动词的答案(D)。寻找动词是最快捷的途径。 (2) _____has won consistent praise for her novels about Black children. (A) Virginia Hamilton who (B) Because Virginia Hamilton (C) Virginia Hamilton (D) The fact than Virginia Hamilton [答案] C 空格后面是谓语动词形式has own, 故空格内应主语句词,即(C)。 (3)With affection and humor, poet phyllis McGinley _____ of ordinary life. (A) the virtues were praised (B) praised the virtues (C) she praised the virtues (D) her praise of the virtues [答案] B 此句有主语,但缺谓语动词,故选择(B)。 (4) _______ became a state in 1876. (A) When Colorado (B) Colorado (C) It was Colorado (D) Colorado which [答案] B 空格后的谓动词be came表明应选择一个名词作主语,即(B)。 2. 主句和从句皆要有完整的主语和谓语 (1)Because it hardens soft metals such as tin and lead, _____ in alloys. (A) antimony is used (B) using antimony (C) antimony uses (D) to use antimony [答案] A Because 引导的状语从句主谓结构完整,而主句却主谓俱缺,故选择主谓完整而句意正确的答案(A)。 (2) The dominant philosophy of the Age of Enlightenmers _____ in the universe in terms of forces that could be detected by the human senses. (A) an explanation for everything (C) everything was an attempt (D) explained and attempted [答案] B 这是个含有定语从句的复合句。主句缺少谓语动词,故选择(B)。答案(D)亦为动词,但缺少宾语。 (3)_______ that both birds and mamma 8|5 become larger, their metabolite rates per unit of tissue decrease, and they generally live longer. (A) The truth (B) If true (C) It is true (D) To be true [答案] C 空格后面的连接词That 表明此处应填入主句,即含有主语和谓语的答案。四项选择中只有(C)是完整的句子。 (4)Prescriptions for corrective lenses that are provided by an optometrist are often brought to an optician who _____ the lenses. (A) grinding (B) grinds (C) they grind (D) are ground [答案] B 空格前面的连接词 who引导一个定语从句。此句缺少谓语动词,故选择答案(B)。答案(D)亦为谓语动词形式,但被动语态不适合本句。 |
||||
『点此察看与本文相关的其它文章』『搜索相关课件』 | ||||
【上一篇】【下一篇】 【教师投稿】 |