| 语法题析---词性变化 |
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词性混淆误用一直是考题中最重要的命题形式。它与“基本句子结构”和“平行结构”组成命题的三大焦点。命题范围包括（1）并列结构中词性一致、（2）形容词与副词混淆、（3）形容词与名词混淆、（4）名词与动词混淆。其中，形容词用错的题型占此类命题的最大比例。 词性混淆常考题型及解题要点 1. 并列连词and but or结构要求词性统一 例题分析 (1) Bigness. Boastful. And strong. Frontiersman Mike Fink was the subject of many folk tales. [答案] 并列连词and连接三个形容词，故（A）Bigness应改为Big。 (2) The success of a naval ship is determined by its seaworthiness, speedy ,and maneuverability. [答案] 并列连词and连接三个名词，而speed是形容词，故应改为speed。 (3) Regulation of public utilities in the United States is carried out by locally state and federal governments. [答案] 并列连词and连接三个形容词性质的词，共同修饰后面的中心词governments 。而locally是副词，应改为local。 (4) In Middle Ages. Books called bestiaries were prepared in an attempt to describe animals, real or imagine, that exemplified human traits. [答案] 并列连词or前面是形容词real。之后亦应是形容词imaginary。 2. 形容词错用为副词 解题要点 形容词用来修饰说明名词或名词性成分的，而副词则可修饰除名词以外的所有词性及句子成分。 全真例题分析 (1) Animal life on Prince Edward island is confined large to ducks. Pheasants. And rabbits [答案] 修饰限定介词短语to ducks pheasants and rabbits 应用副词largely。 (2) The General Sherman tree a giant sequoia in California, has grown to be the world*s largest plant at approximate 272 feet tall. [答案] 修饰说明数词（272）应用副词approximately。 (3) Because its body is supported by water, the blue whale can grow to a size considerable larger than any land mammal alive today. [答案] 修饰形容词短语larger than…应用副词形式considerably。 (4) Once an important port of entry for immigrants to the United States. Island recent reopened its great hall s a museum of immigration. 3. 词性是否正确，是否错用为动词 例题分析 (1) The work “saga” is often application to any narration of events of the past, whether mythical or historical in character. [答案] application应改为applied，作谓语动词的被动语态。 (2) Administrative assistants are often expected to make decisions, supervision staff, delegate responsibility, and work harmoniously with managers and fellow employees. [答案] supervision 改为动词原形supervise与后面名词组成动宾结构。 [答案] Fascination 改为Fascinated, 与后面的by 组成过去分词短语作状语。 (4) From 1872 to, Alice Elvira Freeman was Dean of Women at the newly foundation University of Chicago. [答案] D foundation 改为founded 过去分词作定语，修饰University of Chicago 4. 由表示词性的后缀- fur ,-tie -enc., -ent, -tive都很可能是此题的考试焦点 例题分析 (1) Few theories are originality enough to be called unique. [答案] 名词originality应改为形容词original 作表语。 (2) Height, powerful and speed are attributes that coaches often look for in basketball players. [答案] 形容词powerful应改为名词power，与height和speed并列。 (3) A major purpose of scientific analysts is to identify and examine causal connections between independent and dependence variables. [答案] 名词dependence 应改为形容词dependent, 用来修饰后面的名词variables。 (4) A deficient of folic acid is rarely found in humans because the vitamin is contained in a wide variety of foods. [答案] 形容词deficient改为名词deficiency，作主语。 (5) In nature, the distributive of plants is obviously related to climate. [答案] 形容词distributive 改为名词distribution ，用主语。 (6) A foreign exchange rate is a price that reflects the relative supply and demand of difference currencies. [答案] 名词difference改为形容词different，修饰后面的名词。 |
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