人教版八年级第一学期语法复习I：典型时态
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复习I：典型时态
知识归纳与总结
1. 一般现在时与现在进行时的比较
2. 一般过去时与现在完成时的比较
3. 一般过去时与过去完成时的比较
4. Be going to +do 与will/shall+do的比较
5. 现在完成时的持续性用法
【典型例题】
1. The boy always stays there for .
A. one and half hour B. one and a half hour
C. one and half hours D. one and a half hours
答案：D
解析：表示“整数＋一半”的时间段有两种方法：① 基数词＋a half＋名词复数 ② 不定冠词或基数词＋名词＋a half 如：“一个半小时”可译为：one and a half hours 或 an／one hour and a half。
2. The doctor did what he could that child .
A. save B. to save C. saved D. saving
答案：B
解析：通过分析句子成分可知此题考查动词不定式作状语。
3. Sorry，Miss Wang . I the key to the door of the classroom at home . I have to go back for it . A. left B. missed C. forgot D. lost
答案：A
解析：“leave＋sth.＋地点状语”表示“把某物忘在了某处”，其中的 leave 不能用 forget。
4. —Don’t you think all the programmes are good？
— Some of the programmes are interesting，but others aren’t.
A. Yes，I do B. Yes , I don’t C. No , I do D. No，I don’t
答案：D
解析：否定式的一般疑问句的答语与汉语表达习惯不同，事实是肯定的，就用 yes；事实是否定的，就用 no。
5. The more you learn，the more you can get a job .
A. easily B. easier C. easy D. easiest
答案：A
解析：“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”表示“越……越……”。
6. This is the most beautiful park I have visited.（厦门）
A. ever B. never C. not D. yet
答案：A
解析：由句意可知。
7. The twin sisters have learned a lot they came to China.（北京东城区）
A. when B. as soon as C. since D. after
答案：C
解析：“since＋时间点”（如：since 1980，since two years ago , …）或“since＋一般过去时的句子”表示一段时间，常用于现在完成时的句子。
【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）
一. 完形填空：
A thousand years ago, Hong Kong was covered by a thick forest. As more and more people came to 1 in Hong Kong, these trees were cut down and burnt. Now there is _2_forest left, though there are still some small areas covered with trees .We call these woods .Elephants, tigers, and many __3__animals were living in the thick forest. When people came to live in Hong Kong, the __4___began to die out. Early farmers grew rice and ___5__ pigs and chickens in the valleys, They cut down the trees and burnt them. They needed ___6__ to keep themselves warm in winter, to cook their food and to keep away the dangerous animals. Elephants quickly disappeared because there was not enough food for them. ___7__ did most of the wolves and tigers. Monkeys and many other animals soon ___8__in the same way.
You might think that there are no longer any animals in Hong Kong __9___in the zoos. But there are still about 36 different animals ___10___there. One of the most interesting of Hong Kong’s animals is the barking deer. These are beautiful little animals__11__ a rich brown coat and a white patch under the tail. They look like deer but they are much smaller. They are less than two feet（英尺）___12___. They ___13___a noise rather like a dog barking. There are now not many barking deer __14____. So it is important ___15____people to protect wild animals.
1. A. work B. study C. live D. enjoy
2. A. many B. a few C. no D. much
3. A. other B. others C. the other D. another
4. A. people B. animals C. plants D. things
5. A. grew B. made C. got D. kept
6. A. fire B. hotness C. heat D. light
7. A. So B. Such C. As D. Nor
8. A. lived B. died C. came D. left
9. A. besides B. except C. with D. against
10. A. live B. to live C. lived D. living
11. A. about B. without C. with D. between
12 .A. tall B. high C. short D. small
13. A. shout B. bring C. make D. take
14. A. lived B. left C. stayed D. stood
15. A. to B. for C. like D. of
二. 阅读理解：
（A）
Over thirty thousand years ago people from northern Asia（亚洲北部）went to America. Today, we call these people Indians（印第安人）.
The Indians went to America because the weather began to change. Northern Asia became very cold. Everything froze. They had to move or die. How did the first Indians go to America? They walked!
Later Columbus found the New World in 1492. At first, only a few Europeans followed（跟随）. They traveled to America in boats. For the next three hundred years, about 500,000 people went there. Then the number grew very quickly. From 1815 to 1915, over thirty-two million Europeans left their countries and went to the United States. The biggest groups were from Germany and Italy（意大利）. These Europeans spoke many different languages. Most of them took almost no money. They went to America so that they could find a better life.
1. went to America first.
A. People from northern Asia B. People from Europe
C. People from Germany D. Columbus
2. Why did the Indians go to America? Because .
A. northern Asia became very hot B. northern Asia became very cold
C. they were interested in America D. they liked traveling
3. The first Europeans went to America .
A. by plane B. by bike C. by boat D. by train
4. These Europeans .
A. didn’t speak the same language B. spoke English only
C. spoke German only D. spoke both English and German
5. The Europeans went to America in order to .
A. find the New World B. find a better life
C. build more boats D. learn English
（B）
If you are just starting to collect stamps, here is some advice for you to follow.
At the beginning, collect as many stamps as you can. The ones which you decide not to keep can be traded with other people. Never throw stamps away.
Don’t keep the envelope, unless it is unusual（与众不同）. However, do keep the envelope if it is the first date when that particular stamp is used. Some people are very interested in these “first day covers”.
Sooner or later you will decide that you want to collect a certain kind of stamps. It may be stamps from a particular country, or stamps of a particular kind, like stamps with a bird design on them, for example. This will make your collecting much more interesting. You can then look for new ones to add to your collection.
Do join group. There is a lot to learn about stamps and others can help you. Also it is great fun. You will soon learn which stamps other people are collecting and they will start to trade stamps with you, too.
Go to stamp sales and buy whatever you can afford. You can often pick up packs of used stamps very cheaply.
Old stamps that have not been used are usually more expensive than used stamps. Perhaps at the beginning you may only afford used stamps.
Sooner or later, you will find something unusual. It may even be valuable(有价值的，贵重的). Finally, remember that stamp collecting is fun. It can be exciting to get stamps which you do not have yet. Also, many stamps have unusual and beautiful designs, so enjoy them!
1. What’s the first advice for you when you begin to collect stamp?
A. Throw away the ones you don’t need.
B. Only collect the stamps you need to keep.
C. Collect as many stamps as you can.
D. Only collect the stamps you want to trade with other people.
2. What should you do with the envelope?
A. Keep the envelope if it is unusual.
B. Throw away the envelope after you take off the stamp.
C. Keep the envelope very time.
D. Throw away the envelope before you take off the stamp.
3. What kind of stamps are usually more expensive?
A. Old ones. B. New ones.
C. Old ones that have not been used. D. Old ones that have been used.
4. Which one is not the reason to join a group?
A. To enjoy great fun.
B. To learn something about stamps from other members.
C. To trade stamps with other members.
D. To learn how to make stamps from others.
5. Which one is not true according to the passage?
A. Some people are very interested in the “first day covers”.
B. A “first day cover” is the envelope you firstly used.
C. You can often buy used stamps very cheaply in the stamp sales.
D. Unusual stamps are usually more valuable.
（C）
Is there anything you can do to keep germs（细菌）out of your body?
Think about the three ways that germs come into your body: through breaks in your skin, with the air you breathe, and with food you eat. How can you keep germs from coming in through breaks in your skin?
In the first place, you can be careful, so that you do not hurt yourself. Once you have cut your skin, you must wash the cut at once with soap and hot water. Soap（肥皂）and hot water kill germs or wash them away.
Can you keep germs from coming into your body through your nose and throat? You can’t stop breathing, of course. You can’t help breathing in some germs.
What you can do is to stay away from people if they have colds and other sicknesses made by germs. Some kinds of germs move through the air. They go from one person to another. If you have a cold, you should try not to give your germs to others. Be sure to cover your mouth with a tissue when you cough.
How can you keep germs out of your mouth? One way is by keeping such things as pencils and fingers out of your mouth.
Another way is wash your hands before meals. Then you will not put germs on the food you eat. You should also wash your hands after you use the toilet.
Never use a drinking glass that someone else has used. Wash it first with soap and hot water. Never bite from food if someone else is eating it.
1.The passage is mainly about .
A. the ways that germs come into our body B. how to fight germs
C. how germs make us sick D. where the germ is
2.The second paragraph tries to tell us .
A. how germs come into our bodies
B. how we can keep germs from coming in through breaks in our skin
C. why germs come into our bodies
D. why to protect ourselves
3.We can keep germs from coming into our bodies through our noses and throats when .
A. we stay away from people who have colds and other sicknesses.
B. we stop breathing
C. we do not hurt ourselves
D. one person goes to another person
4. If we have a cold and want to cough we should cover our mouths because .
A. we should keep germs in our mouths.
B. the germs will go from one person to another through the air.
C. we will feel better
D. we give too many germs to others
5. In the last three paragraphs the writer tells us .
A. how to stop germs from coming into our bodies through our mouths.
B. how to keep the food we cat clean
C. what to do to keep our mouths clean
D. what kind of hospital we should go to when we are ill
（D）
In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. So his business. So he invented a very simple camera（照相机）. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden. That was the first photo.
The next important date in the history of photography（摄影术）was in 1837. That year, Daguere, another Frenchman, took a picture of his reading room. He used a new kind of camera in a different way. In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing. This kind of photo was called a Daguerreo type.
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s way. Travellers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world. People took pictures of famous buildings, cities and mountains.
In about 1840, photography was developed. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. That was not simple. The photographers had to carry a lot of film and other machines. But this did not stop them. For example, some in the United States worked so hard.
Mathew Brady was a famous American photographer. He took many pictures of great people. The pictures were unusual because they were very lifelike（栩栩如生的）. Photography also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century. Some photos were not just copies of the real world. They showed the feelings, like other kinds of art.
1. The first photo taken by Niepce was a picture of .
A. his business B. his house C. his garden D. his window
2. The Daguerro type was .
A. a Frenchman B. a kind of picture C. a kind of camera D. a photography
3. If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840s, he had to .
A. watch lots of films B. buy an expensive camera
C. stop in most cities D. take many films and something else with him
4. Mathew Brady .
A. was very life like B. was famous for his unusual pictures
C. was quite strong D. took many pictures of moving people
5. This passage tells us .
A. how photography was developed
B. how to show your ideas and feelings in pictures
C. how to take pictures in world
D. how to use different cameras
三. 根据句意和首字母或汉语提示写出单词：
1. The people’s Republic of China was f___________ in October, 1949.
2. This term I want to learn how to run quickly and to eat h__________.
3. The policeman prevented the boys from p___________ football in the street.
4. He knows a lot of knowledge t__________ he is a boy of ten.
5. We couldn’t finish the work on time w__________ their help.
6. Four __________ of the students in our school are girls.（九）
7. Edison is one of the greatest ___________ in the world. （发明）
8. It is ___________ for children to touch the button. （危险）
9. Your sweater is made of cotton but mine is __________. （羊毛）
10. Most taxi drivers in Beijing are teaching _______________（自己）English now.
四. 根据第一句完成第二句，使两句意思相同或相近，每个空格限填一词。
1. I can hardly tell what caused the accident.
It’s ________ for me to tell _________ the accident happened.
2. Of all the boys, Jiang Peng plays basketball best.
Of all the boys, nobody_________ plays basketball so __________ as Jiang Peng.
3. People all over the world speak English.
English __________ __________ all over the world.
4. He studies hardest in his class to keep up with the others.
He studies hardest in his class ________ _______ he can catch up with his classmates.
5. My friends don’t know when they will go to the farm tomorrow.
My friends don’t know __________ __________ go to the farm tomorrow.
五. 动词填空：
1. All the football fans know the 17th World Cup _________（begin）on May 31, 2002.
2. The Children __________（dance）under the tree over there. Why not go to join them?
3. —Dr Wu _________（give）us a talk on the history of China tomorrow, won’t he?
—Yes, he is going to tell something important to us.
4. If he ______（work）hard at English, his English will get better sooner or later.
5. Parents must make their children _______（not study）for long hours. It is no good to do so.
6. Many young people enjoy ________（listen）to popular songs. But the old don’t.
7. I meet my friend Jay in the street yesterday. I ___________（not see）him for a long time before.
8. Since scientists invented the computers, many things __________（can do）with them.
9. In the last three years we ___________（learn）about one thousand English words.
10. —I decided __________（buy）some flowers for my English teacher on Teachers’ Day next week. What about you, Lily?
—I’ll send him a book instead.

【试题答案】
一. 1—5 CCABD 6—10 AABBD 11—15 CACBB
二.
（A）
1—5 ABCAB
（B）
1—5 CACDB
（C）
1—5 BAAAA
（D）
1—5 CDDBA
三.
1. founded 2. healthily 3. playing 4. though 5. without
6. ninths 7. inventors 8. dangerous 9. wool（l）en 10. themselves
四.
1. hard（difficult）…why 2. else…well 3. is spoken 4. so that
5. when to
五.
1. began 2. are dancing 3. will give 4. works 5. not study
6. listening 7. hadn’t seen 8. can be done 9. have learned 10. to buy

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