Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch?(新概念第二册笔记)
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王青
【New words and expressions】生词和短语
Until prep.直到
Outside adv.外面
Ring v.(铃、电话等)响（rang，rung）
Aunt n.姑，姨，婶，舅母
Repeat v.重复
★until prep.直到
until用于表示动作、状态等的持续，可译为“一直到……为止”或“在……以前”。在肯定句中，它与
表示持续性状态的动词连用，表示持续到某一时刻：
I’ll wait here until 5. 我会在这里等到5 点钟。
His father was alive until he came back. 直到他回来为止,他爸爸都是活着的.
在否定句中，它通常与描述短暂动作的动词连用，表示“到……为止”、“直到……才”：
She cannot arrive until 6. 她到6点才能来。
His father didn't die until he came back. 直到他回来,他爸爸才死.
Until(后的从句)的时间终止之前,这个动作做了还是没做？做了前面的主句用肯定；没做前面的主句用否定
For he waited /didn’t leave until it stopped raining.
I stay in bed / didn't get up until twelve o'clock.
★ring(rang. rung) v.(铃、电话等)响
① vt. 鸣，(铃、电话等)响(这种响是刺耳的, 往往是提醒人做某事)
Every morning the clock rings at 6.
The telephone(door bell) is ringing.
而风铃等响要用jingle，jingle (bell) (铃儿) 响叮当
② vt. 打电话给（美语中用call）
ring sb. 给某人打电话：Tomorrow I'll ring you.
③ n. （打）电话
give sb. a ring：Remember to give me a ring. /Remember to ring me.
④ n. 戒指
The ring was important to her as an emblem of their love. 这枚戒指是他们爱情的象征，对她是重要的。
She wears a ring set with emeralds on her right hand. 她的右手上戴着一枚镶有绿宝石的戒指。
The diamond ring on her finger glittered in the light. 她手指上的钻石戒指在灯光下闪闪发光。
★aunt n. 姑,姨,婶,舅妈(所有长一辈的女性都用这个称呼)
男性则是uncle: 叔叔
他们的孩子：cousin [′kʌzən] 堂兄妹(不分男女)
cousin的孩子：nephew [′nevju:, ′nefju:] 外甥；niece [ni:s] 外甥女
★repeat v. 重复
① vt. 重复 复述
Will you repeat the last word?
He repeated her statement word for word. 他一字不差地重复她的话。
② vi. 重做，重说
repeat after sb. 跟某人朗读: Please repeat after me. 请跟我念。
Don’t repeat.
【Text】
It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. 'What a day!' I thought. 'It's raining again.' Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. 'I've just arrived by train,' she said. 'I'm coming to see you.'
'But I'm still having breakfast,' I said.
'What are you doing?' she asked.
'I'm having breakfast,' I repeated.
'Dear me,' she said. 'Do you always get up so late? It's one o'clock!'
参考译文：
那是个星期天, 而在星期天我是从来不早起的, 有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的时候. 上个星期天, 我起得很晚. 我望望窗外, 外面一片昏暗. “鬼天气!” 我想, “又下雨了. “正在这时, 电话铃响了. 是我姑母露西打来的. “我刚下火车, “她说, “我这就来看你. “
“但我还在吃早饭, “我说.
“你在干什么?” 她问道.
“我正在吃早饭, “我又说了一遍.
“天啊, “她说, “你总是起得这么晚吗?现在已经1 点钟了!”
【课文讲解】
1、It was Sunday.
it 指时间、天气、温度或距离，it被称为“虚主语”（empty subject）。作为第三人称单数的中性代词，
it可以指一件东西、一件事件或用来指是什么人：It is a lovely baby.
2、I never get up early on Sundays.
on Sundays: 所有的星期天,每逢星期天,与一般现在时连用，表示经常性的行为。
介词on一般用于表示某一天的时间短语中：on Monday，on Monday morning，on that day
当使用last，next，this，that 时，介词（以及定冠词）必须省略：
I’ll see you next/this Friday.
never 从来不 (可以直接用在动词前面)=助动词+not (变成否定句,前面一定要加助动词)
I don't like her.=I never like her.
3、I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.
在表达卧床时bed前不需加冠词：
It’s time for bed now.
You must stay/remain in bed for another two days. 你必须再卧床两天。
4、Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy.
just then: 就在那时
如果不知道对方性别, 他/她可以用it 取代
Who are you?/Who is it ?
5、I've just arrived by train,
by 直接加交通工具(不能有任何修饰词, 复数)；如果加修饰词, 就要换掉by用in或on
I go out by bus.
I go out in/on two buses. （指具体的两辆车介词用in/on）
Long ago people could go to America only by ship/sea.
如果是特指的交通工具，则要加冠词或其他限定词：
My aunt left by the 9:15 train.
by air 乘飞机by bicycle/bike 骑自行车by boat 乘船by bus 乘公共汽车by car 乘小汽车
by land 由陆路by plane 乘飞机by sea 由海路by ship 乘船by train 乘火车
6、I'm coming to see you. 我将要来看你.
用 come 的现在进行时态be coming 表示一般将来，表示近期按计划或安排要进行的动作。同样用法
的动词有：go，come，leave，arrive，land，meet，die，start，return，join…
7、Dear me! 天哪!
英国人说Dear me!或My dear!
美国人说: My god! 注意美英的发音不同.
Good heavens! / my goodness! 天哪！
8.感叹句：what+n. how+adj./adv.
What an awful/nice day!这天气真糟糕/真好！
How wonderful!多精彩！
How surprising!真让人惊奇！
9.频度副词adv.：never sometimes often always still seldom
I’m never late for appointments
Sometimes he tells us jokes
We often meet at that coffee shop.
She’s always nice and friendly to people.
Are you still working?
I seldom watch TV.
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