| Lesson 3 Please Send Me a Card(新概念第二册笔记) |
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王青 【New words and expressions】生词和短语 Send v. 寄，送 postcard n. 明信片 spoil v. 使索然无味，损坏 museum n. 博物馆 Palace Museum 故宫 public adj. 公共的 friendly adj. 友好的 waiter n. 服务员，招待员 lend v. 借给 decision n. 决定 whole adj. 整个的 single adj. 唯一的，单一的 ★send v. 寄, 送 send a letter 寄信 send sth. to sb. /send sb. sth. 给某人送（寄）什么东西 send/take children to school：take强调某人亲自送；send则是通过第三人去送, 如美国的校车 take/send flowers to his wife 自己送 / 叫店里的人送 ★postcard n. 明信片 两个爆破音在一起，前者失去爆破音。这里/t/和/k/前者失去爆破音 name card /visiting card 名片 Here is my name card. (口语常用, 同时伴随着递出的动作) ID card 身份证（ID 身份） credit card 信用卡 cash card 现金卡, 储蓄卡, 工资卡(不能透支的那种) ★spoil(spoiled，spoilt) v. 使索然无味, 损坏 ① vt. 弄坏，损坏，糟蹋 The sad news spoiled our weekend. 这不幸的消息使我们没能过好周末。 The rain spoiled the school sports. 这场雨把学校运动会弄得一团糟。 Don’t spoil the pleasure.别扫兴 This spoiled my day. What you said spoiled me. His arrival spoiled my holiday.他的到来打乱了我的假期计划。 ② vt. 宠坏，惯坏，溺爱 娇惯 Don’t spoil your children. 不能太惯孩子。 His parents spoiled the boy. spoil: 把东西的质量变得不好; 生活中不顺心的事;宠坏, 溺爱 break: 打破; break the windows 打破玻璃 damage: 破坏, 程度不一定很重 destroy : 破坏, 彻底摧毁 以上三个是指物理上的破坏, 而spoil主要指精神上的 ★public adj. 公共的 ① adj. 公共的，公众的，社会的 There is a public library in this town.在这个城镇上有个公共图书馆。 I always sit in public gardens on Sundays.我经常在周末坐在公共公园里。（private garden 私人花园） ② adj. 公开的，众人皆知的 Their secret meeting was made public 20 years later. 他们的秘密会晤20 年以后才被公开。 public house（酒吧）简称pub public place 公共场所 in public 公开的；in private 私下里的 Let’s have a conversation in private. 让我们私下谈谈? Why not have a conversation in public? 为什么不公开谈呢?(当面说呢?) ③ n. 公众，群众，大众 The public is/are pleased with his explanation. 公众对他的解释很满意。 The museum is open to the public on Sunday.博物馆在星期天对外开放。 ★friendly adj. 友好的 friendly是形容词，单独使用时一般做定语；作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好, 用短语in a friendly way She gave me a friendly greeting(问候,招呼). 她友好的向我打招呼。 He always greets me in a friendly way. 以-ly结尾的形容词还有lovely，brotherly，fatherly，manly，motherly ★waiter n. 服务员, 招待员 waiter(男服务员), waitress(女服务员), 只出现在餐馆里 chief waiter 领班 I want to see the chief waiter. 我要见你们的领班。 shop assistant 商店里的店员 attendant n. （其他公共场所的）服务员 侍者 随从 adj.伴随的 ★lend v. 借给 lend to（借出）：lend sth. to sb/lend sb. sth. Can you lend me $20 please? I’ll pay/give it back tomorrow. borrow from（借进）：borrow sth. from sb./borrow sth. （borrow 不能用borrow sb sth.） He borrowed my pen yesterday. He hasn’t given me it yet. Some people neight borrow nor lend.有些人既不向别人借钱也不借钱给别人。 ★decision n. 决定 make /take /come to /arrive at /reach a decision 作出决定 It was not easy for me to make/take this decision.对我来说做这个决定很难。 Are you made/taken a decision?你决定了嘛？ make a big/great decision (big：重大；great：伟大, 更重大) decide v. 决定 ★whole adj. 整个的 a whole bottle of milk 一整瓶牛奶 the whole…，the whole day 整天，two whole weeks 整整两星期 all th…，all the day (the可省略) 整天 all of后面如果加代词, 代词前面不需要修饰词；一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加the： all of us；all of the students ★single adj. 唯一的, 单一的 反义词: double 双倍的 There wasn’t single person on the beach. 海滩上一个人也没有。 【Text】 Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Everyday I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card! 参考译文： 明信片总搅得我假日不得安宁. 去年夏天, 我去了意大利. 我参观了博物馆, 还去了公园. 一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语, 之后还借给我一本书. 我读了几行, 但一个字也不懂. 我每天都想着明信片的事. 假期过得真快, 可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过一张明信片. 到了最后一天, 我作出了一项重大决定.我早早起了床, 买来了37 张明信片. 我在房间里关了整整一天. 然而竟连一张明信片也没写成! 【课文讲解】 1、Last summer, I went to Italy. last：① adj. 上一个 last summer 里的last表示“上一个” ② adj. 最后一个，表示“最后一个”时要加冠词the the last day 最后一天（具体到一天及一天的早中晚都要用on） 2、A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Italian（adj.） 于Italy(n.) : 注意重读音的位置不同 teach sb. sth. 教某人做某事 He teaches our English.(错) He teaches us English.(对) 语言不可数, 所以要用a little Italian或a few words of Italian I can speak a little English/a few words of English. a few可与复数可数名词连用，表示肯定，含有some，a small number of（一些，少数几个）的意思。 The police would like to ask him a few questions. 警察要问他一些问题。 I’d like to say a few words on the topic.我想就这个话题说几句话 Can I have a word with you?我能和你说几句话吗？ 3、Everyday I thought about postcards. think about/of 考虑, 思考，指某一段时间一直在想/考虑某事, think of还可指想到 What do you think of?你想到什么了？/ 你在想什么？ What do you think of TV program last night?你觉得昨天晚上的电视节目怎么样？ What do you think of the weather today? 你觉得天气怎么样? think over 仔细考虑，反复思考 What’s the weather like today? cold, chilly（非常非常冷）, freeze ：I'll freeze.我要冻僵了 4、I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card! spend与表示时间的词或短语连和时，意思为“花（时间）”、“度过” I spend three hours in the sea. I spend my weekend at my mother's. I spend three hours in the classroom everyday. I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.(交通堵塞) spend还可以表示“花钱”： If we spend all the money, we’ll be poor again. I can’t spend any more on this car. 5、others ①与to相连的give, take, pass, read, sell, buy,pay,hand,bring,show,promise,offer,owe （只能翻译为“给”的） take flowers to my wife. give sb. sth./give sth to sb 与for 相连的buy, order, make, find (翻译为“给”、“替”、 “为”的) I buy a book for you . make a cake for you find sth. for sb. Can I buy you a bottle of beer ? 意为我请你喝杯酒的意思 ②do sb. a favor 帮某人一个忙 Do me a favor please./Do a favor for me.帮我一个忙 I do something for you. Can I order something for you? ③Who taught him a few words of Italian? The waiter. Who/Whom did the waiter teach a few words of Italian? ④in...way :以...方式, 作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好, 用短语in a friendly way He was a friendly waiter. He spoke to the writer in a friendly way他是个好客的服务员 He spoke to the writer like a friend. He spent the whole day in his room. He was in his room all day. all (the) day ⑤all of +代词, 代词前面不需要修饰词all of us；一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加the all of the friends all of my friends all of the students ⑥On the last day he made a big decision. It was the final day of his holiday. latest adj. 最新的：latest news；latest style 新款 ⑦He made a big decision. He made up his mind。 think about:考虑、思考、想 make up one's mind:下定决心 change one's mind:改变主意 make a wish : 许个心愿, 愿望, 许愿 相关链接：教学论文
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