初中语法精挑细讲之句子类型

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 句子类型
  1.从结构上看,英语的句子可分为三种类型:简单句、并列句和复合句。
  2.简单句:由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子叫做简单句。简单句有六种句型:
  型号 句型 例 子
  1 主语+不及物动词(+状语) The Frenchman coughed badly at night. / The city lies in a valley .
  2 主语+连系动词+表语 That is a map of China. / That piece of meat looks quite good. / It sounds like the singing of rails .
  3 主语+及物动词+宾语 You're doing the right thing. / Jack likes to stay at home and play by himself .
  4 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 Can you tell me the way to the Summer Palace ? / It took me a week to finish the work.
  5 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 We call him Li Ming . / The rich man asked the singer to come up to the sitting room .
  6 There +be+主语+状语 There are some flowers on the teacher's desk . / There are 365 days in a year .
  3.并列句:由并列连词把两个以上的简单句连在一起构成的句子。常用的并列连词有and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet, neither…nor, either…or, still, however, not only…but also等。并列句的结构:简单句+并列词+简单。
  Hurry up, or you'll miss the early bus . / We love peace but we are not afraid of war . / He must be ill, for he is absent today .
  She has not only knowledge, but also experience . / He was ill, so he didn't go to school. / Work hard, and you will succeed .
  4.复合句:由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫做复合句。主句是句子的主体,从句只用作句子的一个成分,不能独立。从句可以担任复合句的主语(主语从句)、表语(表语从句)、宾语(宾语从句)、定语(定语从句)、状语(状语从句)。中学阶段主要学习含有状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句的复合句。
  A.状语从句:在复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句根据它表示的意思的不同可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、让步、比较(或方式)和条件等类。
  ○1 时间状语从句:由when, while, as, the moment, the minute, once, whenever, before, after, till(until), since, as soon as等连词引导。
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