发现性学习与英语新目标 (中学英语教学论文)
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一、 摘要：迈入网络信息时代，英语教学要与时俱进，教师不再是学生唯一的知识源，那
就是说，教师应当从教于新目标，培养学生听、说、读、写的创新思维和实践能力；引学于
发现性，培养学生自主地发现问题、提出问题、分析问题、解决问题和反思总结问题的能
力。
二、 关键词：发现性、问题性、过程性、开放性。
三、　正文：
我们迈入网络信息时代，但是学生学习方式仍然有两种：接受和发现。两种学习方式都有存
在的价值，彼此也是相辅相成的关系。但是传统学习方式过分突出和强调接受和掌握，似乎
教师是唯一的知识源，冷落发现和探究，从而在实践中导致了对学生认知过程的极端处理，
学生学习纯粹成了被动接受、记忆的过程。这种学习窒息人的思维和智力，摧残人的学习兴
趣和热情。它不仅不能促进学生发展，反而成为学生发展的阻力。网络信息时代要求我们，
英语教学必须与时俱进，转变传统教学方式，实施新目标教学方式，就是要改变这种状态。
在网络信息时代，把学习过程之中的发现、探究、研究等认识活动凸现出来，使学习过程更
多地成为学生多元化发现问题、提出问题、分析问题、解决问题和反思总结问题的过程，那
就是从教于新目标，培养学生听、说、读、写的创新思维和实践能力，引学于发现性学习，
培养学生发现问题、提出问题、分析问题、解决问题和反思总结问题的综合能力，促进学生
英语的听、说、读、写全面发展。
（一）、从教于新目标：问题性。
发现性学习是以问题为中心的学习，问题是发现性学习的起点和主线，也是发现性学习的归
宿。问题是英语学习方式的核心，因此，能否提出对学生具有挑战性和吸引性的问题并使学
生产生问题意识，是进行发现性学习的关键，问题意识是指问题成为学生感知和思维的对象
，从而在学生心里造成一种悬而未决但又必须解决的求知状态。
众所周知，问题意识会激发学生强烈的学习愿望，使学生产生认识 的冲动性和思维的活跃
性，更能激发使学生的求异思维和创造思维，从而使学生积极主动地发现问题、提出问题、
分析问题、解决问题和反思总结问题。在英语教学中，利用问题性来培养学生听、说、读、
写的创新思维和实践综合能力，收益非浅。
（二）、引学于发现性：过程性。
接受性学习重结论，发现性学习重过程。学生的学习过程是一个发现问题、提出问题、分析
问题、解决问题和反思总结问题的过程，这个过程一方面是暴露学生各种疑问、困难、障碍
和矛盾的过程，另一方面是展示学生聪明才智、独特个性、创新成果的过程。正因为如此，
发现性学习强调过程，强调学生探索新知的经历和获得新知的体验。在英语教学中，在培养
学生听、说、读、写的创新思维的同时，要引导学生实践，培养学生的实践能力，课内外多
留给学生听、说、读、写实践活动时间，让学生体验四会实践中的成功喜悦。
（三）、发现性学习与时俱进：开放性。
接受性学习是一种封闭性单一化的学习，发现性学习是一种开放性多元化的学习。
在网络信息时代，发现性学习体现了这个网络信息时代的特征，教师不再是学生唯一的知识
源，强调它有个性化学习活动过程，关注学生在这一过程中获得的丰富多彩的学习体验和个
性化的创造性表现，其过程具有开放性。发现性学习最重要的是问题的开放性，允许和鼓励
学生从不同角度提出不同问题。因此，在英语教学中，要注重培养学生的批判意识和怀疑意
识，鼓励学生对书本的质疑和对教师的超越，多表露出赞赏学生对英语学习独特性和富有个
性化的理解和表达。引导学生从事英语实践活动，利用网络资源，培养学生乐于动耳听、动
口说和朗读、动眼看、动手写、动脑思维的意识。切实引导学生养成发现性学习习惯。
四、结论
在我们迈入网络信息时代同时，学生英语学习的多元化体现出教师教学应该从教于新目标
：把学生从接受性学习引向发现性学习，培养学生自主地发现问题、提出问题、分析问题、
解决问题和反思总结问题的能力，培养学生听、说、读、写英语的创新思维和实践能力，使
学生在英语学习方面可持续发展奠定扎实基础。
参考文献
1.《英语教学大纲》（试用）九年义务教育全日制初级中学－－－－－－－－（人民教育出
版社）
2.《义务教育课程标准实验教科书－英语(Go for it !)》－－－－－－－－－（人民教育
出版社）
3.《四川省中学教师继续教育教师职业技能训练教材－－教学技能》－－－（成都科技大学
出版社）
4．《中国基础教育网站》－－－－－—－－－－－－－－－（www.cbe21.com.cn）
The finding nature is studied with the new goal of English
(By Tianping Yin from No.2 Middle School of Suining, Sichuan province)
First, the Summary : Marching toward network information age, the teaching of
English should grow with each passing hour, the teacher is no longer students’
only knowledge source, That is to say teachers should research new goals during
the teaching, to train students’ innovative thinking and practice ability of
how to listen to, say, read and write English; Guide students to make their way
to engage in the discovering nature, in order to train students to pinpoint the
problems, put forward the problems, analyze the problems, and solve the
problems in order to get the ability from how to review and summarize problems
by acting on their own ideas.
Second, the keyword: discover quality, question quality, course quality,
opening style.
Third, the text:
We march toward network information age, but there are two kinds of study ways:
Accept and Find ways by which students study. There is existent value having
two kinds of study ways, it is the relation of complementing each other to each
other. But traditional study way is excessive to stress and emphasize the
accept and know way and it seems that the teacher is the only knowledge source,
but treat coldly “find” and “probe into” , and this leads to the fact that
we deal with extremely to student cognitive course in practice, so that the
course of students’ study has purely become accepting passively and memory
one.The study suffocate people's thinking and intelligence, wreck people's
study interest and hospitable. It can't bring about an advance in students ,
becomes the obstruction of student's development instead. Network information
age requires us, the teaching of English must grow with each passing hour ,
change the traditional teaching way, Implement the new goal teaching way,
should just change this kind of state. At network information age, activities
of the discovery, probing into knowledge and studying knowledge etc, should be
getting protruding. It make the study course become the course of students’
pinpointing the problems, proposing the problems, analyzing the problems,
solving the problems , reviewing and summarizing the problems in much more
ways, so that we should make our ways to teaching at new goals, training the
innovative thinking and practice abilities of students who know how to listen,
what to say, what to read, what to write. Guide students how to learn to study
in the finding nature, in order to train the integration capability of students
about how to pinpoint the problems and put forward the problems, analyze the
problems, solve the problems and review or summarize the problems, Mainly in
order to promote the students’ development of listening, oral-speaking,
reading and writing English in an all-round way.
( 1) Make our ways to teaching at new goals: Question quality
It is studied that it is taking questions as centre that the finding nature is
studied , the question is starting point and main thread of study of finding
nature, It is the home of study of finding nature too. The question is a core
of the English study way, so, whether we could propose to student's question
with challenge and attracting nature and make the students produce question
consciousness , It goes on person who finds the keys of study question mean
issue become students’ esthesia and the targets of thinking by consciousness,
Thus it will cause a kind of undecided state of seeking knowledge that must be
solved again in student's heart. Questions excite students’ strong study hope
and make students who produce a kind of active thinking qualities and excited
cognition, they also can excite enabling asking different thinking and creating
thinking of the students even more, Thus they make the students pinpoint the
problems, put forward the problems, analyze the problems, solve the problems
and reviews the problems of summarizing positively. Among English teaching, we
should make use of question quality and train students’ innovative thinking
and integration capability of how to listen to, to say, to read, and write
English. We make sure that the income is non- light.
( 2) Guide students to learn English in the finding nature: Course quality
Person who accept study stresses conclusions seriously, but person who learn
English in the finding nature emphasizes the course of study. The students’
study course is that one course of pinpointing the problems, putting forward
the problems, analyzing the problems, solving the problems and reviewing or
summarizing the problems, On one hand this course exposes students’
difficulties, obstacle and contradiction's course , On the other hand it shows
students’ intelligence and wisdom, and the course of unique individual
character, innovative achievement another. Just because of this, persons who
learn English by finding nature emphasizes the course of study, emphasizes
students’ experience and winning the experience of the new knowledge to probe
new knowledge. During the teaching of English, while training the innovative
thinking of the students’ listening, speaking, reading and writing, it wants
to guide students to practise the language so that it trains the practice
abilities of students. We should leave trample activity time more for students
to listen to, say, read, write or paint English realistically in and out of
class. Let students experience the successful happiness of practice by “four
abilities”
( 3) finding natures are studied and grow with each passing hour: opening style
Person who accept knowledge, whose study is a kind of close, simplify one,
person who studies by finding is a kind of opening study of pluralisms. In
network information age, learning English by finding embodies the
characteristic in this network information age in finding nature. The teacher
is no longer students’ only knowledge source. It emphasizes that it has
distinction to practise the activity course , Pay close attention to rich and
varied study experiencing and individualized creative behavior that the
students get in this course, Its course has opening style. The most important
one is the opening of problem, that is to say that we should allow and
encourage students to propose different problems and ask the questions from
different angles. So during the teaching of English, we should pay attention to
training the student's criticism consciousness and suspecting consciousness,
and encourage students to query and surmount teacher, show and publish and
appreciate between students’ English study uniqueness and rich individualized
understanding and expressions more in books. It guides students to engage in
English practice activity, and we should fully utilize resources of the network
to train students to be ready to work up ear for listening, work up mouth for
reading aloud, watch with their eyes, write with their hands, work up brain for
the consciousnesses of thinking. We are sure to guide students to form the
habit of learning English by finding nature.
Fourth, the conclusion
While we are marching toward network information age, students’ learning
English in pluralism embodies that teachers engage in teaching English at new
goals: we should guide the students to learn English from the accepting nature
into the finding nature. The aim is to train students to pinpoint the problems,
put forward the problems, analyze the problems, solve the problems and get the
ability of reviewing and summarizing the problems by acting on their own ideas.
Training students’ innovative thinking and practice ability of hearing,
saying, reading and writing English is that we should make students have the
sustainable development in English learning and establish the sturdy foundation
in English learning as well.
（Reference）
1.《English syllabus》 ( tried out) The fulltime junior high school of
nine-year compulsory education --------( People's Education Publishing House)
2. 《go for it!》standard compulsory educations courses----( People's Education
Publishing House)
3. 《train the teaching material by Sichuan Province teacher of middle school
teacher of continuing education job technical ability --Technical ability of
teaching》-----------( the publishing house of University of Science and
Technology of Chengdu)
4. " Web site of China's basic education"－－－－－－－－－－（www.cbe21.com.cn）
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