2008年高考一轮复习资料-江苏牛津英语模块四第 十六 讲(译林牛津版高考复习英语必修四教案教学设计)
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模块四 Unit3 Tomorrow’s world
【考点透视】
I 重点短语
one’s wildest dream 做梦都没想到的事
1. dream of / about… 梦想……
dream a … dream 做……的梦
give out ①散发出、放出；②分发；③宣布；④被用完
give away ①颁发（奖品等）；②赠送；③泄漏
2. give in 让步、妥协
give off 散发出 (味道)
give up 放弃
3. put forward：①前进；②提出（计划等）、建议；③拨快（钟表）的针 （→put back）
4. but / except / except for / besides
①but和except 都表示“除了……之外，没有”，二者在多数情况下可以互换。
②no (all, nobody, nothing , no one) 后多用but。
③跟宾语从句时，多用except。
④except for“除……之外；要不是”，以保留的方式对整个句子内容进行修正。
⑤besides 与except，but用于否定句时，可互换。
① ~ + n. 使某人印象深刻
5. impress v. ② be +-ed + by / at / with （常用被动，无进行式）
③ impress sth. on sb. = impress sb. with sth. 使某人铭记某事
impression n. give sb. a deep impression
= leave / make a deep impression on sb.
= leave sb. with a deep impression
end in 以……告终 Their project ended in failure.
end (up) …with 以……告终/ 结束…… The party ended up with an English song.
6. put an end to… 使……终止 = bring … to an end
come to an end vi. 结束
to the end 到最后
make ends meet使收支相抵，量入为出
announce 指正式地“公开”、“发表”、“宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情。常用结构：announce (to sb) sth/ that… ； It is announced that …
7. declare 指正式和明确地向公众“宣布”、“宣告”、“声明”，侧重“当众”发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判等。
常用结构：declare sth. ；declare against / for…； declare sb. / sth. to be …
responsible adj. be ~ for sb. / sth. / doing sth. 对……负责
8. responsibility n. take/ assume (the) ~ for … 对……负责
a sense of ~ 责任感
= put up 竖立；搭起
= establish (an organization, business, etc.) 建立；创立
8. set up set (sb.) up as ... 使……从事某种职业
set (up) an example to sb. 树立榜样
set (up) a record 创记录
比较： set up / build / found / put up / build up
set up：基本意思是“把某物架好”、“竖起”。表示“建立”、“创立”时，既可以用于建筑物，也可以用于机构、设施。多用于口语中。
build：“建设”、“建造”，是普通用词，用法最广。其对象可以是房屋、道路、飞机等具体的东西，也可以是社会制度、人际关系等抽象概念。有时还可以引申为“培养、发展、增强”等含义。
found：“成立”、“创办”。通常用于党团组织、学校、国家、政权等机构从无到有的“创办”，也可表示某种学说或理论的“创立”。
put up：“把某物升起”、“举起”。表示“建设”时，多指“搭起”临时性的建筑物。
build up：多指“增强 / 加强（体力，体质等）”。也可以指“盖满房子”，常用被动。
v. = express 表达、吐露 ~ one’s opinions
n. at the top of one’s ~ 大声地
9. voice in a loud / low ~ 大声地/ 低声地
with one ~ 异口同声地
a loud-voiced man 大嗓门的人
in one’s ~ = in the ~ of sb. 在某人看来
give / express one’s ~ on / upon… 对……发表意见
10. opinion have a good / bad/ high/ low/ poor ~ of sb./ sth. 对……评价/ 印象好/ 不好
have no ~ of … 认为……不行
What’s your ~ of sb. / sth.? 你对某人或某事有什么看法?
public ~ 舆论 (这里的opinion 是不可数名词)
比较：opinion / idea / thought
opinion 作名词解，意为“看法、见解”
idea 意为“主意、想法”
thought 意为“思想（指经过思考而形成的概念）”
trip 短时期来往的商业旅行和观光旅行
journey 陆地上由一地到另一地的旅行。还用于含有“比喻”的句子中。
11. travel 泛指旅行、游历，是“旅行”的最普通的用语，但无路程的含义。
tour 常指访问多次的观光旅行，常指周游后回到原出发地之意。
voyage 指海上旅行。
n. ①[U] (物理上的）力、力量 the ~ of wind / gravity 风力/ 重力
②[U]暴力、武力 by ~ 用武力
③[C]常用pl. 军队、部队 the air ~ 空军
12. force v. ① ~ sb. to do sth. = ~ sb. into doing sth. 强迫某人做某事
② ~ sb. + adj. / adv. 如：~ one’s foot into a shoe 将脚硬塞入鞋内
③ ~ sth. on sb. 把……强加于某人
④ ~ one’s way 强行前进
II重点句型
1. Upon reaching the top of the mountain, a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement will be experienced.
2. In reality, my grandfather can no longer walk, …
3. In my opinion, it is about time (that) we had new computers.
该句型中，that从句的谓语动词常用过去式，也可以是should +动词原形，should有时可省略。
【题例精析】
【例1】 It’s high time that we students ________ even harder at our lessons as the national entrance examination is coming nearer. （2006连云港3月交流卷）
A. work B. will work C. worked D. have to work
【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是要注意在句型It’s time that...结构中虚拟结构的使用。
【答案解析】在It is time that ...句型结构中，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟结构，可以用一般过去时，也可以用should +动词原形，但should不可省略。
【答案】C
【例2】 My _______ of this weekend’s activity is going out with some good friends.
A. idea B. opinion C. mind D. thought
【易错点悟】考查名词辨析。
【要点精析】idea指“想法，主意”，opinion指“意见，主张”，mind指“思维，理智”，thought指“想法”。根据语意，应选A。
【答案】A
【单元检测】
单项填空
1. The cinema looks very old because of its traditional design. _________, it was finished only two months ago.
A. In reality B. In turn
C. But D. What’s more
2. ―Hurry up! I’m afraid we have no time to _____ before the party.
―Coming!
A. get to change B. get changed
C. get changing D. get change
3. ―How do you find the play last night?
― Very disappointing. The play was badly acted, ________ being too long.
A. but B. including
C. besides D. except
4. She ______ a proposal for the electoral reform last month, but it hasn’t been approved by the board.
A. put forth B. put about
C. put by D. put forward
5. ―I always thought you were a nurse.
―Really? I wonder how you got that ______.
A. plan B. image
C. impression D. sense
6. ―Is Bob still performing?
―I’m afraid not. He is said _______ the stage already.
A. to have left B. to leave
C. to be left D. to have been left
7. Every time she tried to argue with her husband, she ended up ______ her eyes out.
A. to cry B. cried
C. crying D. cry
8. The trip to the Great Wall in 2007 summer _______ me with a deep impression.
A. reminded B. left
C. kept D. stayed
9. ―How often do you refer to the dictionary when you are reading an English novel?
― Well, ________. I will look up the word if it affects my understanding.
A. never B. very often
C. it depends D. if possible
10. — What’s the matter with you?
— After the long walk, my legs _________ and I couldn’t go any further.
A. gave out B. gave off
C. gave in D. gave up
11. Thank you so much. You _____ me from an embarrassing situation.
A. remember B. recover
C. rescue D. reserve
12. _________ decision you make, we will always support you.
A. whichever B. Whatever
C. However D. Wherever
13. Parents should allow children the space to ________ their opinions, even if they are different from their own.
A. voice B. speak
C. say D. put
14. The project ________ considered thoroughly, and I’m sure it ______ finished on time.
A. must; may B. should be; can be
C. need; should D. must be; may be
15. _________ picking up the phone, I recognized her voice.
A. Upon B. At
C. With D. As
完形填空
The yearly marathon (a long-distance running race of 42.195 km) in my town usually occurs during a heat wave. My job was to follow behind the runners in an ambulance 16 any of them needed medical attention.
“We’re supposed to stay behind the 17 runner, so take it slowly,” I said to the driver, Doug, as the race started.
The front-runners started to 18 and then my eyes were 19 to the woman in blue silk running shorts and a loose white T-shirt.
We knew we were already watching our “last runner.” Her 20 were so crippled (残疾的) that it seemed almost impossible for her to be able to walk, 21 alone run a marathon.
Doug and I 22 in silence as she slowly moved forward. 23 , she was the only runner left in sight. Tears streamed down my face when I watched with respect 24 she pushed forward with great 25 through the last miles.
When the finish line came into sight, rubbish lay everywhere and the 26 crowds had long gone home. 27 , standing straight and ever so proud 28 a lone man. He was 29 one end of a ribbon (缎带) of crepe paper (皱纸) 30 to a post. She slowly crossed through, leaving both ends of the paper fluttering (飘扬) behind her.
I do not know this woman’s name, but that day she became a part of my 31 — a part I often depend on. For her, it wasn’t about 32 the other runners or winning a prize, but about 33 what she had set out to do, no matter 34 . When I think things are too difficult or I get those “I-just-can’t-do-it,” I think of the last runner. Then I realize how 35 the task before me really is.
16.A. so that B. in case C. even though D. only if
17.A. first B. best C. only D. last
18.A. run B. separate C. disappear D. appear
19.A. drawn B. thrown C. fixed D. caught
20.A. hands B. legs C. arms D. body
21.A. let B. leave C. speak D. take
22.A. watched B. drove C. observed D. stared
23.A. Quickly B. Unluckily C. Naturally D. Finally
24.A. since B. before C. as D. until
25.A. pain B. determination C. strength D. desire
26.A. fired B. waiting C. cheering D. impatient
27.A. Besides B. Therefore C. Yet D. Fortunately
28.A. stood B. waited C. came D. had
29.A. helping B. catching C. holding D. tying
30.A. kept B. tied C. connected D. led
31.A. dream B. feeling C. idea D. life
32.A. following B. hoping C. encouraging D. beating
33.A. finishing B. realizing C. starting D. winning
34.A. where B. how C. when D. what
35.A. difficult B. interesting C. easy D. hopeful
阅读理解
(A)
Now we are always hearing about road accidents and when we’re in a car we try to drive carefully, but how many of us take the same degree of care in our homes? Any large hospital will tell you the number of accidents that happen in the home is almost the same as those on the road. I don’t pretend to be an expert, but I’ve thought a lot about how and why these accidents happen and what we can do to prevent them.
One of the commonest and most dangerous causes of home accidents is wrong and careless use of electrical equipment. People will continue to use a loose plug or pull out a plug without first turning off the power. In spite of warnings, one will carry an electric heater into the bathroom when he is going to have a bath. Sometimes one forgets to cut off the power before mending a lamp or something else. All this will cause accidents. So the rule about anything that works by electricity is: Switch off before you touch anything and don’t pretend you know when you actually don’t.
If you’ve got children in the house, it’s always best to keep medicines of any kind out of their reach. Otherwise, they may be taken for candies or a new kind of drink. When there are older people living with you, you have to take particular care in a number of ways in order to make them safe and happy.
Fire, of course, is always a risk. So, remember not to dry clothes in front of fires, or leave stoves in the middle of rooms where they can easily be knocked over. And don’t forget to keep the children away from fire. Smoking, too, causes fire. So you’d better give it up.
Safety first may mean a little more time and care, but it may save you a lot of trouble.
36. The writer thinks the reason why there are so many accidents in our home is that we are _______.
A. less careful in our homes than in a car
B. more careful in our homes than in a car
C. as careful in our homes as in a car
D. not so careful in a car as in our homes
37. The writer advises you _______ about the use of electrical equipment.
A. to appear as if you know everything
B. to pretend that you don’t know anything
C. to pretend that you know everything
D. not to think you know everything
38. It’s best to keep medicines in places that children can’t __________.
A. get on B. get to
C. get in D. get over
39. One way to prevent fires at home is to _________.
A. leave stoves in the middle of the rooms
B. dry clothes near stoves
C. tell children to stay away from fire
D. smoke away from fires

（B）
Through all of human history, rats have been a curse and a plague (祸害) to people. They eat or spoil crops of grain and rice before they can be harvested or while they are in storage. In India, where millions of people go hungry, there are ten times as many rats as people. Rats devour half of the available food. Rats will also attack birds and animals, from flogs and chicks to geese and young calves. They have even destroyed dams and buildings by making holes through or under them. Sometimes they cause fires by chewing on electrical wiring.
The most terrible destruction caused by rats, however, has come from the diseases they carry. In the fourteenth century, rats caused the death of one-third of the world’s human population by transmitting bubonic plague (淋巴腺鼠疫). This dreadful outbreak also called the Black Plague, ravaged (严重损坏) Europe for years.
Ironically, it is in fighting diseases that rats have been most useful to humanity. The bodies of rats, though quite different from those of humans, have certain basic structural similarities. So thousands of specially bred rats are used in research laboratories every year to test medicines that can possibly be used to prolong and improve human life. As might be expected, some laboratory rats are even used to test new procedures and methods for eliminating their cousins — the wild rats.
40. What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?
A. the different kinds of damages caused by rats.
B. how terrible the rats are to us humans.
C. how to kill rats in proper ways.
D. why we should kill rats every day.
41. According to the passage, the underlined word “devour” in the first paragraph means
A. damage B. eat up
C. destroy D. steal
42. In the 14th century, about one third of the world’s human population died because ______.
A. big fires broke out in Europe
B. rats spread the plague throughout Europe
C. rats spread poison in water
D. people had no food to eat at that time
43. Rats are often used to test new medicines for us humans because ______________.
A. rats are easy to catch in the wild
B. researchers don’t have to pay much for rats
C. rats and humans are a little similar in their basic structures
D. humans want to keep the world out of rats
对话填空
Four people in an advertising firm are discussing a future advertising programme. (B=Bob)
A: OK. Our plan is to (44) p_______ an advertisement for this famous computer. Any ideas?
B: I think it would be a good idea to have (45) c_______ from secretaries and typists who are already using it. Then they can (46) e______ their satisfaction with the product.
C: Do you think so? Do you think managers want to read what users think about a new piece of office equipment?
D: I agree with Bob. I think we should have a picture of the computer and give a (47) d_________ of the product.
B: I’m afraid I can’t agree with you. That’s a good way of giving (48) i_______, but it’s not a good way of persuading people. For one thing, it’s boring, and people aren’t going to read an ad that looks boring. For (49) a_______ thing, one computer looks very like another. People aren’t going to remember the (50) n_________ of the product.
A: So what exactly are you suggesting?
B: I suggest that we ask users of this machine what they think about it. Then we can put their comments at the top of the advertisement in big print. We can bring in some humor too. People enjoy reading (51) h_______ ads.
D: The disadvantage (52) w______ carrying out interviews is that it may take a long time.
B: No problem. We can do some telephone (53) i______ with our users.
(44) _________
(45) _________
(46) _________
(47) _________
(48) _________
(49) _________
(50) _________
(51) _________
(52) _________
(53) _________
书面表达
假设你的英文名为Jack，是英国诺丁汉大学的中国留学生。你负责为在该校就读的32名中国学生筹划圣诞节期间的苏格兰之行，为期7天，请你给诺丁汉的STA (Students’ Travel Agency)经理Phil发一封电子邮件，联系有关事宜。要点如下：
(1)希望能够派车接送；
(2)需要一名说标准英语，并非常熟悉苏格兰的导游；
(3)请求告知旅行日程及就餐、旅馆、费用等情况；
(4)你的联系方式：电子邮箱地址：Jack @ yahoo. com.cn或电话号码：07747745007
注意： (1)词数：100词左右； (2)开头和结尾已为你写出，不计人总词数；
(3)参考词汇：旅馆住宿accommodation；旅行日程安排itinerary; 长途客车coach
发件人: Jack @ yahoo. com.cn
收件人: “Manager Nottingham King St”

日期: Fri, 5 Dec 2007 11:29
主题: A Trip to Scotland
Hi, Phil,
I’d like you to organize a trip to Scotland for us.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours Truly,
Jack
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案解析】
【单项填空】
1．A。根据题意，前后两个句子之间并非递进关系，则可排除D项。B项意为“依次、逐个地”，不合题意。C项中But后一般不用逗号隔开。A项意为“事实上、实际上”，最符合题意。
2．B。get changed意为“换衣服”。
3．C。考查词语辨析。根据题意，was badly acted和being too long都是导致disappointing的因素，C项“除了……之外（还有）”，正合题意。若选A项和D项，则表明这两个因素是对立的，不合逻辑。若选B项，则表明后一因素包括在前一因素之中，也不合题意。故C项最佳。
4．D。考查动词短语辨析。A项“长出（叶、芽等）”。B项“散布、传播（不实的消息等）”。C项“攒钱、积蓄”。D项“提出、提议、建议”。
5．C。考查名词。根据题意，C意为“印象”。
6．A。不定式的完成式表示动作“leave”先于主句动作“said”之前发生。
7．C。end up doing 意为“以……告终”。
8．B。考查习惯搭配。leave sb. with a deep impression意为“给某人留下很深的印象”。
9．C。考查交际用语。it depends意为“视情况”。
10．A。此处give out译为“筋疲力尽，用尽力气”，全句译为：长途后，我的双腿已筋疲力尽，不能再走了，而give off为“出发，放出”；give in为“屈服”；give up为“放弃”。
11．C。rescue sb. from …把某人从……中解救出来。
12．B。whatever引导的是让步状语从句，相当于no matter what。
13．A。voice one’s opinions 意为“表达某人的观点”。
14．B。考查情态动词的被动式的用法。
15．A。upon/ on + sth/ doing sth.意为“一……就……”。at doing sth. 意为“一听到/看到……就……”。
【完形填空】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的短文。作者首先叙述在一次马拉松比赛中目睹“最后一位选手”：一位残疾妇女凭坚强的意志跑完全程的感人故事，最后通过议论，表达了自己对这位妇女的敬仰以及所受到的鼓舞。
16．B。in case (that)引导条件状语从句，意为“万一”。
17．D。由后文可知，作者和司机应是跟在“最后”一位选手的后面。
18．C。最后一位选手是残疾人，与跑在前面的选手差距很大，故只有前面的选手开始“消失”时，作者才能注意到她。
19．A。表示目光“被吸引”。
20．B。这位妇女几乎都不能走，因此应是她的“腿’有残疾。
21．A。let alone是固定短语，意为“更不用说”。
22．A。此处应是有意识地“注视”。
23．D。由前后文的逻辑关系判断，此处表示的是“时间”关系。叙述比赛进行到“最后”的情况。
24．C。as引导时间状语从句，当“一边……一边……”讲，表示前后萌个动作同时发生。
25．B。由全文判断，这位残疾妇女应是意志“坚定”。
26．C。此处应是前来“加油助威的人群(cheering crowd)”。
27．C。考查副词所表示的逻辑关系，上下文应是“转折关系”。
28．B。这位残疾妇女唯一的支持者一直在终点线那儿自豪地“等着”她。
29．C。此处应是“握着”缎带的一端。
30．B。缎带的一端“系”在一根柱子上，让这位跑在最后的选手“撞线”。
31．D。这位残疾妇女成为作者“人生”的一部分，时刻鼓舞着他。
32．D。这价妇女参赛的目的显然不是“击败”别的选手或获奖。
33．A。这位妇女参赛是想通过自己的努力去“完成”自己想干的事情。
34．D。这位妇女去“完成”自己想干的事情，不管是“什么”事情。
35．C。作者受到鼓舞，再难的事情也变得“容易”了。
【阅读理解】
36．A。从文章第一段的第二句和文章第二段我们可知，由于人们在家的粗心造成的事故。
37．D。从文章第二段的最后一句话可知答案为D项。
38．B。从文章第三段的第一句话可知答案为B，即药品应放在孩子够不着的地方。
39．C。从文章最后一段可知，孩子应远离火。
40．A。第一段主要讲述了老鼠给人类带来的各种破坏和灾难。
41．B。由上下文和后面的available food可知，devour应是“吃下；吞下”之意。
42．B。从本文的第二段可知，14世纪欧洲鼠疫泛滥，导致了欧洲很多年都在“黑死病”的笼罩之中，造成了大量的死亡。
43．C。由最后一段第二句可知。
【对话填空】
44. produce 45. comments 46. express 47. description 48. information
49. another 50. name 51. humorous 52. with 53. interviews
【书面表达】
Hi, Phil,
I’d like you to organize a trip to Scotland for us. I have here a group of 32 Chinese students studying in Nottingham University, who want to go on a seven-day tour during the Christmas days. I hope we can have a coach which will take us to Scotland and then bring us back to Nottingham. We also need a guide who speaks standard English and knows Scotland well. I would be very grateful if you can work out an itinerary as soon as possible and tell me about our accommodation, meals as well as how much each of us has to pay. If you have any information, please either email me or call me at 07747745007.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours Truly.
Jack

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