Unit 3 Back to the past 生词导学(译林牛津版高二英语选修八导学案) |
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王修潭 单小玲 1 civilization (un) 文明, 开化 (cn)特定时期或地区的文明 The civilization of mankind has taken thousands of years. 古巴比伦和埃及文明 ______________________________________________ civilize vt 使…..开化,文明 civilize a jungle tribe ___________________________ civilized adj 有礼貌的,文明的, 有道德的 有礼貌的社会,行为 _________________________ 2 take over 夺取, 接管, 接任, 接替 她生病期间她的女儿接管生意. ______________________________________ I’m feeling too tired to drive any more, would you please take over for a while. __________________________________________ 常用词组 take sth apart ___________ take sb away _____________ take sth away ___________ take sth back _____________ take sb back to ____________ take in _____________ take up ______________ 3 erupt vi&vt (火山)爆发, 突然发生 比赛后发生了暴力事件. __________________________________ ____ Mount Vesuvius hasn’t erupted for many years. ____________________________ eruption n 火山爆发, (比喻) 疾病,战争爆发 战争爆发______________________ 4 bury vt (1)埋葬 (2) 埋藏, 掩盖, 覆盖 He was buried with his wife. __________________ 莎士比亚葬于何处? ______________________________ Our dog buries its bone in the garden. ______________________________ 你的信压在一堆文件下面了. ______________________________ 短语、 bury oneself in sth 专心致志于 隐居 每天晚上他都埋头读书.___________________________________________ 他隐居到乡下写书. __________________________________ 5 house vt 储藏, 收藏, 给…. 提供住房 他将旧书收藏在阁楼上. __________________________________ 政府给难民提供住处. ___________________________________ 6 ruin vt 毁坏, 毁灭 暴风雨毁坏了庄稼. ___________________________ You’re ruining that child. _________________________ (un) 毁灭, 灭亡 (cn) 废墟, 残垣断壁 那个消息意味着我们所以的希望都破灭了. ______________________________ the ruins of Pompeii ____________________________ 短语 in ruins 严重受损, 破败不堪 他的生活很糟糕. ___________________________________ 地震过后, 全城到处是残垣断壁. _____________________________________ 7 condition (un)状况,状态 (cn)环境,境况, 条件(表工作, 生活, 气候条件常用复数) be in bad/ good/ excellent condition _______________________________ living/ housing/ working conditions _______________________________ He is out of condition. ____________________________ 他们给我们提供资金, 条件是我们在六个月内偿还. ______________________________________________ 你要穿上外衣才能出去. ______________________________________________ 8 drive vt 迫使(某人生气, 发疯等) drive + object+ adv/ prep 那噪音使我丧失理智 ______________________________ 求生的欲望驱使他们继续努力. _____________________________ drive + object +adj 痛苦使她几乎发疯 __________________________________ drive + object+ to do 贫困和饥饿逼得他们去偷. ______________________________ 9 destroy vt 毁坏;摧毁,指通过某种用力的或粗暴的手段使之毁灭或无用 ,一般不能或很难修复。 他破坏了我的希望。 ------------------------------------ ruin 强调毁灭的彻底性, 并且是一次性的行为。强调破坏的长期结果。 fall into ruin come / go to ruin lie in ruins the ruins of Yuanmingyuan bring sb to ruin ruin one’s hopes 街道对面的房子已是一片废墟。--------------------------------------- 暴雨持续了五天,把所有的庄稼都毁掉。----------------------------- damage 指对价值和功能的破坏, 多用于无生命的东西,一般可以修复 那座桥梁被洪水损坏了。---------------------------- An earthquake struck this area , ------------------ a lot of damage . A making B causing C done D caused 10 remain VI 剩余;遗留;逗留( 没有进行时态和被动语态) If you take away 3 from 8 , -------------------( 还剩5 ) 我没有在那个小镇停留太久。I didn’t ------------------ in the town . 她一直站了一个小时。She -------------------- for an hour . 许多工作有待要做。-------------------------- 我们仍然可以做朋友。--------------------------------------- 他们仍然贫穷不堪。--------------------------------------- 11 concern (1)关心,后常用反身代词。concern oneself about / in / with (2)惦记,焦虑,多用被动语态 我们都关心他们的安全。--------------------------------------- (3)相干,关联,多不用人称代词做主语。 这与你不相干。------------------------------- 有关词组:as / so far as … be concerned --------------------------- be concerned about ----------------- 12 board be on board +boat / ship / plane ---------------------------- get / come / go on board ---------------------------- be on the board ------------------------------- 13 influence n. & v. 影响 固定搭配influence on / over sb / sth influence on sb / sth 我用与老板的交情对事情做了有些改革。------------------------------------------- 他有钱有名气,但这不会影响到我们的决定。 The fact ------------------------had --------------------------------------------------. 他的新朋友对他有良好的影响。-------------------------------------。 affect 一般指生理或物质上的改变 influence 一般指感觉和态度上的改变 Honestly speaking , it is my teacher’s ---------- that made me finally take up my present career as a biology researcher . A advantage B influence C taste D guard 14 return vi &vt 常用词组: return sth to sb ----------------------------- return to a place ----------------------- without return ------------------------ in return for ------------------------------ When his work was over , he -------------------------- his home . A turned to B returned to C get back D returned 15 goods n. 商品;货物。 无单数形式,不能用数词或来修饰;做主语时,用复数动词。 There are lots of good goods in the supermarket . ------------------------- Chinese goods available for export are varied . -------------------------- 16 declare vt 宣布,宣称( 后接名词,从句或复合结构 ) vi declare for / against 赞成 / 反对 They declared their independence from England .------------------------ 她声称她再也不想见到他。---------------------------------------- 我赞成他的观点。------------------------------ |
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