| 新课标必修1 unit 3 语言知识讲义(新课标版高一英语必修一教案教学设计) |
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Part One : word 1. finally 【用法指南】 1) adv.终于，最终 2) adv.（用于列举）最后 3) adv.彻底地，决定性地 【典型例句】 I finally managed to get her attention 我终于设法引起了他的注意 And finally, I would like to thank you all for coming here. 最后，我感谢大家的光临 The matter was not finally settled until much later. 这事很久以后才彻底解决。 【拓展】 final adj. 最后的，最终的，决定性的 【类比延伸】 1) finally 强调活动过程地终结，译作“最后”； 在列举事物或论点时，可用来引出最后一项内容；用在句中动词地前面，表示“等了好久才。。。” 如：she finally agreed with me. 2) at last 强调耽误很久之后才。。。； 感情色彩浓重，如不耐烦，不放心，不如愿等。如：At last firemen have put out a big forest in California. 3) in the end 表示经过许多变化、困难或捉摸不定地情况之后才发生。相当于at last 和finally。但 finally 一般位于谓语前，其他二个既可以用在谓语前，也可位于谓语后。注意： at the end 表示最后，可用于预卜未来。如： In the end, we stay at home and look after everything. 【过关练习1】 1) Four policemen rode past on their motorbikes, then came the television broadcasting car, and ______ the marathon runners. A. at the last B. in the end C. finally D. to the final 2) He stopped at the gate and took a(n) _____ look at his familiar schoolyard as if to impress it deeply on his mind. A. last B. final C. ending D. over 3) _____ the finals, Hungary beat Spain ____ 120. A. At; at B. By; at C. With; by D. At; by 4) He went into the class, found a seat at the _____ of the classroom and sat down. A. final B. back C. behind D. last 5) We won the ____ victory against the Japanese invaders in 1945. A. last B. final C. latest D. late 2. persuade 【用法指南】 1) vt. 劝说；说服 2) vt. 使信服，使相信 【典型例句】 He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to. They persuaded us into / out of going to the party. 他们劝说我们去/不去参加聚会 She was not persuaded of the truth of his statement. 她没有被说服相信他的话是真的。 How can I persuade you that I am sincere? 怎样才能使你相信我是真信实意的呢？ 【拓展】 1） persuade sb. into/ out of (doing) sth. 说服或劝说某人（不）要做某事 2） persuade sb. that clause 使某人相信某事；使某人信服 3） persuade sb of sth. 使某人相信某事物；使某人信服 【类比延伸】 1) persuade ; advise persuade 表示用理由，建议或个人说服力来战胜某人； persuade强调“劝说”已收到成效。 而advise并不涉及是否有效，甚至很可能说而不服 根据一条习惯规则， 一个人persuade（说服）某人做某事； 而convince (使确信)某人相信一句话或一个提议地正确性。 【过关练习2】 1） －He still smokes a lot , do you know? － Yes . But I don’t know how I can ______ him to give it up. A. advise B. try to persuade C. persuade D. suggest 2) While shopping , people sometimes can’t help ____ into buying something they don’t really need. A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded 3) Alice trusts you; Only you can ___ her to give up the foolish idea. A. suggest B. attract C. tempt D. persuade 4) I had ____ him not to stay up late, but he still didn’t go to bed until midnight. A. persuaded B. advised C. promised D. suggested 5) – Have you ___ your brother to give up smoking ? -- No. I talked to him yesterday but he would have none of my advice. A. persuaded B. advised C. promised D. suggested 3. insist 【用法指南】 v． 主张；坚持，坚持主张，常与 on连用，或后接that从句 【典型例句】 I insisted that he was wrong I insist on your being there. 我坚持要你在那里 We all insist that we not rest until we finish the work. 大家都坚持要求不完工就不休息。 【拓展】 1） insist表示“坚持要求”时，其后地宾语从句采用虚拟语气； 表示“坚持认为，坚持说”时， 其后地宾语从句采用陈述语气。 I insisted he go to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing was wrong with him. I insisted that a doctor be sent for immediately. 2) 在ask, suggest, order, demand, propose, insist, request, advise , desire, require, prefer等后面的宾语从句采用虚拟语气结构。 【过关练习3】 1） We insist that a meeting _____ as soon as possible. A. be held B. will held C. is held D. would hold 2) I insisted that a doctor ______ immediately. A. has been sent for B. sends for C. will be sent for D. be sent for 3) The lady insisted that the young man ____ her wallet and insisted on ____ to the police station at once. A. had stolen; be sent B. should steal ; sending him C. had stolen; his being sent D. should steal; sending 4. determine 1) vt. 查明，测定 2）vt. 决定，影响 3）vt. 确定，安排 【典型例句】 We set out to determine exactly what happened that night. 我们着手调查那天晚上发生的事情 Age and experience will be determining factors in our choice of candidate. 年龄和经验是我们选择候选人的决定性因素。 A date for the meeting has yet not be determined. 会议日前尚待确定 【拓展】 下定决心干某事: determine to do sth, be determined to do sth, decide to do sth. make up one’s mind to do sth make a decision to do sth 【类比延伸】 determine to do 和be determined to do 都表示“决定干某事”， 前者强调动作， 后者表示状态。determine是瞬间动词，不能和时间段连用；而be determined 表示一种状态，可与时间段连用。 如：he was determined to do it for a long time. 【过关练习4】 1） She is a/an _____ woman who always gets what she wants. A. experienced B. absent – minded C. determined D. easy- going 2) we are determined ____ the task finished before the end of this month. A. to get B. get C. getting D. to have get 3) ______ to give up smoking , he threw away his ____ cigarettes. A. Determined; remained B. . Determined; remaining C. Determining; remained D. Determining; remaining 4) I left him , ______ never to come back again. A. being determined B. was determined C. determining D. determined Part Two : phrase 1. change one’s mind 【用法指南】 动词词组, 意为“改变注意” 【典型例句】 Tom has changed his mind Once you have made a decision, you had better not change your mind. 【拓展】 1) turn one’s mind/ thoughts/ attention 把自己的心智、思想、注意力贯注在某事上 3) keep sth. in mind 记住 4) read one’s mind 看透某人的心思 5) lose one’s mind 发疯 6) out of one’s mind 不理智，发疯 7) keep one’s mind on sth. 把注意力放在。。。 8) come into one’s mind 突然想到 9) speak one’s mind 直言不讳 10) fix one’s mind upon 专心于，专注于 【过关练习1】 1） No matter what you do, you should put your ____ into it. A. mind B. heart C. brain D. thought 2) Once he has _____, nothing can change his mind. A. made up his mind B. decided his mind C. determined his mind D. made his mind 3) He offered me just what I dreamed about as if he has been able to ______ my mind. A. read B. have C. make up D. change 2. give in 【用法指南】 1) vt. 让步； 投降，屈服 2) vt. 提交， 呈送 【典型例句】 The boys fought until one gave in. Don’t give in to him She gave in her report 【拓展】 1） give away 赠送， 给予； 揭发， 泄漏 2） give back 归还 3） give off 放出；散发出（液体、气体、气味、热能、光、声音） 4） give out 分发； 用完，消耗 5） give up 放弃 【典型例句】 He tried to pretend that he wasn’t worried , but his shaking hands gave him away. 他使尽装作不担心的样子，但他抖动的双手暴露了真情 Gave my book back to me. The cooker is giving off a funny smell. 锅里冒出一阵怪味 After a month their food supplies gave out. 过了一个月，他们食物已消耗殆尽。 She doesn’t give up easily. 她做任何事都不轻易放弃。 【过关练习2】 1) Although Jane agrees with me on most points, here was one on which she was unwilling to______. A. give up B. give in C. give away D. give off 2) – Smoking is bad for your health. -- Yes, I know. But I simple can’t ______. A. give it up B. give it in C. give it out D. give it away 3) What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has______? A. given out B. put out C. held up D. used up Part three: Structure 1. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 【句型概况】 1） 被强调部分若为指人的名词或代词，用that或who（强调宾语，可用whom）; 被强调部分若为指物的名词或代词，用that。 强调句型应避免使用when, where ,which等连词 2） that / who后的动词的人称和数的变化要与前面的名词或代词一致。 3） be在句型中总是单数形式 4） be在句型不能用来强调谓语动词。 5） 感叹句的强调句型，如： How serious it is that he looks! 6） 强调句型的疑问形式 How many people is it that are being trained for the special work. Was it in the street that you met him. 7) 强调句型中的特殊形式 It is not until…… It is because … that…. 【过关练习1】 1） It is what you rather than what you say _____ matters (2005天津) A. that B. what C. which D. this 2） It was only with the help of the local guide ____. A. was the mountain climber rescued B. that the mountain climber was rescued C. when the mountain climber was rescued D. then the mountain climber was rescued 3) Why ! I have nothing to confess. _____ you want me to say? A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that 2. Once she has made up her mind , nothing can change it. 【句型概况】 once此处为连词， 意为“一旦”， 引导条件状语从句 【典型例句】 Once printed, this dictionary will be very popular . 【拓展】once还可用作名词， 意为“一次’; 还可用作副词，意为”一旦，曾经；从前，完全”. 常用搭配： all at once 突然， 同时 at once 立刻，马上 every once in a while 偶然 for this once 就这一次，破例一回 more than once 不至一次 not once 一次也不 once again再次 once and again 一再，再三 once for all 一劳永逸；永久地，彻底地 once in a while 有时，间或，偶尔 【过关练习2】 1) _____ you have made a promise, you should carry it out A. Once B. Until C. For D. While 2) The research is so designed that once ____ nothing canbe done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun 3) ______ you begin, you must continue. A. Once B. until C. For D. 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