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要点突破 ☆重点句型☆ 1. If we are to develop the world successfully, we must ... 2. Among the speakers was China's then Premier Zhu Rongji, ... 3. Not until we know more will we be able to improve the situation. 4. Had I known that ..., I would never have bought one. 5. A better understanding of the environment is necessary, as is the willingness to act. 6. ..., there is a good chance that we will see less violence and fewer wars. 7. You can pick out the important bits, for it is one thing to write a letter, another to write history, ... 8. The hurricane, with its power to sink ships and to destroy strong walls, had found this little ship in its path. ☆重点词汇☆ 1. ecology n. 生态学 2. issue n. 问题 v. 签发 3. summarise v. 总结,概括 4. representative n. 代表 5. sustainable adj. 可持续的 6. access n. 接近;进入 7. rural adj. 农村的 8. violence n. 暴力 9. premier n. 总理 10. equality n. 平等 11. fairness n. 公平 12. responsibility n. 责任 13. willingness n. 愿意 14. harmony n. 和谐 15. altermative adj. 供选择的 16. defend vt. 保护 17. affect vt. 影响 18. hurricane n. 飓风 19. terrify vt. 使恐惧 20. erupt vi. 喷发 21. courage n. 勇气 22. flee vi. 逃止 23. urge vt. 催促 24. arrival n. 到达 25. sight n. 视觉;情景 26. immediately adv. 立刻 27. farewell n. 再会;再见 28. board n. 船弦 29. crash n. 破裂 30. swear v. 发誓 ☆重点短语☆ 1. have access to 有机会进入 2. the need for 对……的需求 3. take action 采取行动 4. take part in 参加,参与 5. spread across the world 传遍全世界 6. in harmony with 与……和谐 7. put an end to 结束
8. wipe out 擦干 9. at hand 近在手边,在附近 10. knock about 接连打击.冲击;漫游 11. all of a sudden 突然地:冷小防 12. call for courage 需婴勇气 13. the other way 相反方向 14. stand on end 倒立 15. draw one's attention to 注意到 16. clam down 镇静下来 17. light up 点亮,照亮 18. in a panic 惊慌地 19. on board 在船上 20. all at once 突然;忽然 21. live through 度过;经受住 短语闯关 下列短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语,请你根据 汉语在横线上填入一个正确的词,每个词4分,80分才 能过关,你一定能过关,做好了闯关的准备吗?那么我 们就开始吧? 1. the United ____ 联合国 2. take ____ in 参加,参与(某事物) 3. ____ action 采取行动 4. the other ____ 另一个方向,相反 5. ____ harmony with... 与……协调,与……和谐 相处 6. put an ____ to 结束 7. wipe ____ 消灭.擦洗……的内部,去除;消灭 8. ____ end直立,竖立 9. draw one's ____ (to) 吸引某人对……的注意 10. ____ hand 近在手边;在附近;在眼前 11. calm (sb) ____ (使某人)镇静,/平静/宁静 12. ____ board上船(或火车,公共汽车,飞机等) 13. knock ____ 连续打击;(浪等)冲击(船只等); 碰撞,漫游,闲逛 14. all ____ a sudden 突然地,冷不防,意外地 15. live ____ 度过,经受住 16. ____ though (= as if) 好像,仿佛 17. call ____ 要求,需要 18. ____ progress取得进步 19. one ____ five 五分之一 20. ____ a / an...speed以……速度(前进) 21. ____ a secret 保密 22. pick ____ 挑选出 23. ____ one's breath 屏住呼吸 24. ____ at once 突然;同时 25. ____ the end of 在……末 ☆交际用语☆ 1. We must make sure that ... 2. I am all for ... 3. If nothing is done then ... 4. I can't imagine that ... 5. h would be better if we .,. 6. Is there a better way to ... 7. | dare not ... 8. He gets into a total panic when ... 9. It makes my hair stand on end. 10. She is scared to death. 11. I am frightened to death by ... 12. What terrifies me is ... ☆词汇短语☆ 5. access n. 多义词,在不同的句中表示不同的意思。 1) 道路,进入的途径 This is the only access to that cave. 这是进入山洞的惟一通道。 2) access 还指“(接近,使用)方法”、“权利”等。 Hospitals should give patients the right of aeeess to their medical records. 医院应该给患者有查阅病历的权利。 【考点3】advise 的用法 ▲构词:adviser n. 顾问;导师;劝告者 ▲搭配:advise with sb on / about sth 与……商量 ▲句型: ① advise (one's) doing sth 建议干某事 ② advise sb to do sth 忠告某人做…… ③ advise (sb) + that clause (从句使用虚拟语气)忠告 某人…… ④ advise sb + wh-to do sth / wh-clause 建议/忠告某人 ⑤ advise sb. against (doing) sth 劝告(某人)不要…… ⑥ advise sb of sth 通知或告知某人 ▲辨析:advise;suggest;persuade 三词均表示“建议”,但advise只表示建议,不涉及是否 成功,常用于下列结构:advise sb to do sth;advise (one's)doing sth;advise sb that + 主语 + (should) do; advise sb wh- to do / wh-clause。suggest只表示建议, 不涉及是否成功,常用于下列结构:suggest sth / sb (that) + (should) do ∥(one's) doing sth ∥ to sb sth (sth可为that从句)。persuade 劝说成功,常用于下列 结构:persuade sb to do sth (= into doing sth);per— suade sb not to do sth(= out of doing sth);persuade sb that clause。劝而不服时,采用try to persuade sb to do sth 结构。例如: They advised us not to travel during National Day holi— days. 他们建议我们不要在“十•一”长假期间出去旅 游。 They suggest the plan be discussed again but I advised carrying it out at once. 他们建议再讨论一下该汁划,但 我建议立即实施该计划。 It was difficult to persuade my father to change his mind. 要说服我爸爸改变主意是件很难的事。 ▲友情提示:注意名词advice以ce结尾,读音为[ad’ vais],动词advise以se结尾,读音为[od'vaiz] 【考例3】(NMET 1987)Father went to his doctor for ____ about his heart trouble. A. advices B. advises C. advice D. advise [考查目标] 动词与名词的辨析。 [答案与解析]C 介词,or后面应该接名词,而advice 为不可数名词,故此只能用C项。 【考点5】afraid的用法 ▲ 搭配:be / feel afraid of sb / sth (觉得)害怕;担心 ▲ 句型: ① be afraid to do sth 不敢;惧怕(而不敢做某事本身的 动作) ② be afraid of doing sth (感到有心理压力而不愿去做 某事,担心会因干某事而产生某种结果) ③ I'm afraid that clause 恐怕……(委婉语气.that常省 略) ④ I'm afraid so. / I'm afraid not. (作答语)恐怕如此, 恐怕是这样/恐怕不会(不能)。 ⑤ I'm afraid 可单独使用,在句中作插入语。 ▲ 辨析:afraid;frightened;fearful;scared 该组词均意为“害怕”,但afraid是形容词,意为“害怕 的”,常与to be / look连用,表示一种害怕的心理或情 绪,这种害怕是自我感觉或体会,指精神状态,不论这 种害怕的原因是否存在,也不论持续的时间长短。只 作表语,不作定语。此后可接of短语,动词不定式及 that从句,不能用very much来修饰,不能作前置定语。 fearful意为“可怕的,令人害怕的”,是由名词fear加后 缀-ful构成的形容词,可以和afraid通用,但不如afraid 常用。可作表语和定语。frightened是由动词frighten 的过去分词转化来的形容词,含被动,指突然或暂时的 恐惧感。它的主语只能是人或用来修饰人。scared是 由动词scare的过去分词转化来的形容词,与fright— ened同义,可互换。例如: The boy is much afraid of dogs. 这个男孩非常怕狗。 The girl is fearful of her father. 这个女孩害怕她父亲。 I was frightened by the dead body. 死尸吓坏了我。 ▲ 友情提示: ① 千万不能用作动词。 ② 该词是表语形容词,一般不作前置定语。 ③ 表示“很害怕”时,常用very much修饰。表示“更怕, 最怕”分别用more,most修饰。 【考例5】The boy was ____ than hurt. A. more frightened B. afraid C. more scaring D. most afraid [考查目标]考查同义词在比较等级中的运用。 [答案与解析]A than暗示比较级.B、D两项都可以 排除。从意思上看“The boy应该�