试题预览
考情动态分析 介词主要考查近义词的用法区别、介词的特定含义、介词和连词易混淆的项目、介词的固定用法等，大部分试卷以不同的方涉及到介词的考查。2006年高考试题中对介词短语的考查比重有所加大。 考点核心整合 一、介词可以按其词义分为下列常见的几种： (一)表地点(包括动向)，如about,above,across,after,along,among,around,at,before,behind, below,beneath,beside,between,beyond,by,down,from,in,into,near,off,on,over,through,throughout,to,towards,under,up,up on,with,by,of,with为重点。 The sunlight came in the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room. A.through B.across C.on D.over Key:A (二)表时间，如about,after,around,as,at,before,behind,between,by,during,for,from,in, into,of,on,over,past,since,through,throughout,till(until),to,towards,within,with等。其中as, before,by为重点。 1.Rose was wild with joy the result of the examination. A.to B.at C.by D.as 2. production up by 60%,the company has another excellent year. A.As B.For C.With D.Through 3.The trains leaves at 6:00 p.m..So I have to be at the station 5:40 p.m. at the latest. A.until B.after C.by D.around Key:BCC (三)表除去，如besides,but,except,apart from等。 (四)表比较，如as,like,above,over等。 (五)表反对，如against,with,opposite等。 (六)表原因、目的，如 for,with,from等。 (七)表结果，如 to,with,without等。 (八)表手段、方，如by,in,with等。 1.Luckily,the bullet narrowly missed the captain an inch. A.by B.at C.to D.from 2.—You are lucky. —What do you mean that? A.for B.in C.of D.by Key:AD (九)表所属，如of,with,to等。 The home improvements have taken what little there is my spare time. A.from B.in C.of D.at Key:C (十)表条件，如on,without,considering等。 (十一)表让步，如despite,in spite of等。 (十二)表关于，如about,concerning,regarding,in/with regard to,as for,as to,on等。 The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism the wildlife in the area. A.in B.on C.at D.with
Key:B (十三)表对于，如to,for,over,at,with,towards等。 In order to change attitudes employing women,the government is bringing in new laws. A.about B.of C.towards D.on Key:C (十四)表根据，如on,according to等。 (十五)表其他，如for(赞成)，without(没有)等。 二、高考对介词的考点主要体现在以下几个方面： (一)介词的意思区别，如： in,at,by,during;on,about,over,for,to,of;from,across,through,beyond,over;on,over,above;under,below;besides,except;between,among;for,into,by. 1.They had a pleasant chat a cup of coffee. A.for B.with C.during D.over 2.—What do you want those old boxes? —To put things in when I move to the new flat. A.by B.for C.of D.with Key:DD (二)介词与名词的习惯用语搭配，如： with one’s help,under the leader ship,in the sun,in use,the way to school,in the end,at the end of,by the end of,at last,in bed,under discussion,beyond one’s reach,by the dozen,by 15 percent,(be) of+名词，by chance. I’m sorry it’s my power to make a final decision on the project. A.over B.above C.off D.beyond Key:D (三)动词与介词所构成的固定短语，如： depend on,agree on,agree with,agree to,wait for,wait on,go in for,see to,become of,keep up with,refer to,in turn(for). 1.The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for EXPO 2010 is strongly impressed my memory. A.to B.over C.by D.on 2.Marie Curie took little notic the honours that were given to her in her late years. A.of B.on C.about D.from Key:DA (四)介词后接时间或地点副词，如： from here,from now on,in here,from wherever,etc. (五)介词的特殊用法，如： 介词一般不能接that引导的宾语从句，而in/except可接that从句；介词一般不接不定，而but/except可接to do;介词后面一般不能接形容词或过去分词，但有的特殊词语例外，如：far from satisfactory,take sth. for granted. 考题名师诠释 【例1】(2006山东,24)A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics,which will promote its economic development. A.in nature B.in return C.in turn D.in fact 解析:本题意在考查考生对词形或词义相近的介词短语的掌握情况。 A.in nature在本性上，如：Jana wouldnt lie,its not her nature. B.in return(作为……的)交换(回报)。常与 for连用。如： 1)I’d like to buy you a meal in return for all your help. 2)She gave me food and clothing and asked for nothing in return. D. in fact=as a matter of fact/as it is事实上，实际上。如： They told me it would be cheap but in fact it cost me nearly $500. C.in turn 1)as a result of something因此，因而 2)one after another,especially in a particular order轮流地，依次地。如： 1）Interest rates were cut,and in turn,share prices rose. 2）He asked each of us in turn to describe how alcohol had affected our lives. 答案:C 链接•思考 在平时的阅读和学习过程中要善于养成观察、发散思维、积累的好习惯。比如，介词与名词、动词的搭配。 【例2】(2006全国Ⅱ，18)There were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldn’t get . A.between B.through C.across D.beyond 解析:through表示从中间穿过或通过，如：1)go through a forest 2)The sunlight goes through the window.A项between 常表示两者之间，如：Both of us value the friendship between each other.C 项across表示从物体的表面通过，如:run across the road.D项beyond表示超出……范围，超过，如：The question is beyond my understanding. 答案:B 【例3】(2006北京，22)—When do we need to pay the balance? — September 30. A.In B.By C.During D.Within 解析:By表示“截止到……，在……之前，不迟于”，如：Can you finish the work by tomorrow?你能在明天以前完成这工作吗？本句所要表达的意思是在九月三十日前要把赊欠的钱付上。A项In表示在某段时间内；C项During表示在……期间；D项 Within表示在……之内。 答案:B 链接•思考 依据上下文所提供的语境来做题是考查考生语言知识运用能力的最好的方法。本题如果不看语境、忽略背景知识而只看语言形，就很容易选错。 【例4】(2006福建,23)Sorry,Madam.You’d better come tomorrow because it’s the visiting hours. A.during B.at C.beyond D.before 解析:beyond表示超过(某一时间)，迟于；超出……范围。本题含义为：你最好明天来，因为已经超过来访时间了。 答案:C
