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2007.10.16 非谓语动词是历年各地高考命题必考的语法项目，也是中学阶段最难掌握的一个语法知识。纵观历年高考中对非谓语动词的命题，可以归纳出以下的考查热点，希望能帮助同学们很好地复习并攻破这个难关。 考点一：非谓语动词否定形式的考查 动词不定式的否定形式通常是在动词不定式前加not或never。 动词ing形式的一般式的否定形式通常是在分词前加not或never；完成式中如果是never，则在having后加never，其余情况还是在having前加not。 【考例】（1）The teacher asked us______ so much noise. （NMET2003） A. don't make B. not make C. not making D. not to make （2）______ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. （2004广东） A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed (3) Victor apologized for __________ to inform me of the change in the plan. （2004上海春） A. his being not able B. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not able 考点二： 非谓语动词时态和语态的考查 1. 动词不定式有一般式、完成式、进行式；动词ing形式有一般式、完成式、完成进行式；过去分词只由一种形式。 【考例】（4）— There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man. ( 2006江苏卷) — My goodness! I can’t imagine _________ that old. A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having been 2. 动词不定式和动词ing形式的被动形式有一般式的被动形式和完成式的被动形式。 【考例】 （5）As the twentieth century came to a close, the raw materials for a great national literature were at hand, waiting______.（2006湖南） A. to use B. to be used C. to have used D. to be using （6）After he became conscious，he remembered________ and________ on the head with s rod.（2006江西卷） A. to attack; hit B. to be attacked; to be hit C. attacking；be hit D. having been attacked；hit
(7) It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness______ . （2006江西卷） A. to make B. to be made C. making D. being made 考点三：非谓语动词逻辑主语的考查 非谓语动词中的动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词作状语，一般情况下，要和句子主语保持一致，即它们之间存在逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系。 【考例】（8）Faced with a bill for ＄ 10,000,________. （2006陕西卷） A. John has taken an extra job B. the boss has given john an extra job C. an extra job has been taken D. an extra job has been given to John （9）Having been attacked by terrorists, ________.（2004上海） A. doctors cane to their rescue B. the tall building collapsed C. an emergency measure was taken D. warnings were given to tourists （10）In order to improve English, . (2001上海) A. Jenny’s father bought her a lot of tapes B. Jenny bought a lot of tapes for herself C. a lot of tapes were bought by Jenny D. a lot of tapes were bought by Jenny’s father 考点四：动词不定式和动名词作主语或表语的考查 表示具体的或某一次动作或将来的动作用动词不定式；表示一般的或泛指的或习惯性的动作用动名词。有时候为了保持句子平衡，也可以用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动名词、动词不定式后置。 【考例】（11）It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ________ the answers ready will be of great help. （2005北京） A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having （12）I think you’ll grow ________ him when you know him better. （2005江西） A. liking B. to be like C. to like D. to be liking （13）Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains______ whether they will enjoy it. （NMET2002） A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen 考点六：动名词和动词不定式作宾语的考查 1. 能跟动名词或动名词的复合结构作宾语动词或动词短语有： admit, allow, appreciate, avoid, dislike, enjoy, escape, deny, consider, mind, finish, permit, imagine, risk, prevent, suggest, lead to, look forward to , put off, keep on, give up, insist on 等。 【考例】（14）— There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man. ( 2006江苏卷) — My goodness! I can’t imagine _________ that old. A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having been （15）The parents suggested ___ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip. ( 2006上海春招) A. sleep B. to sleep C. sleeping D. having slept 2. 只跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有： ask, attempt, afford, agree, choose, expect, determine, manage, pretend, plan, desire, hope, decide, want, intend, refuse, would like, make up one’s mind等。 【考例】（16）I can’t stand ______ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _______ talking while she works. （2006北京卷） A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work ; to stop （17）I don’t want ________ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair. （2005天津） A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded 3. 疑问词+动词不定式作宾语 【考例】（18）I've worked with children before, so I know what______ in my new job. （NMET2000） A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects （19） Mother didn’t know ______ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. (2002NMET) A. who B. when C. how D. what 4. 动名词和动词不定式作宾语意义截然不同的考查 在下列几组动词及动词短语后跟动名词和动词不定式意义截然不同： remember to do(记得去做)，remember doing（记得做过）, forget to do（忘记去做）forget doing（忘记做过），regret to do（遗憾地做），regret doing（后悔做了）, try to do(设法去做)，try doing（试做）, mean to do（打算做），mean doing （意味着）， go on to do（继续做另一件事），go on doing（继续做同一件事），can’t help doing（禁不住），can’t help do（不能帮忙做） 【考例】（20）If you think that treating a woman well means always_______ her permission for things, think again. （2006湖南） A. gets B. got C. to get D. getting （21）When asked by the police, he said that he remembered _______ at the party, but not _____（2005北京） A. to arrive; leaving B. to a
