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1. survive vi. 幸存，生还 n. 幸存者 survivor eg. The custom has survived for thousands of years. vt. 从…中逃生, 经历…后继续存在 eg. Only two people survived the fire. Ex. 经过这次地震, 三分之二的人活了下来. Two-thirds of the people survived the earthquake. 2. remain vi. 留下，剩下，残留 / link-v. 保持，仍然，继续 I went to the city, but my brother remained at home. (vi.) / He remained silent. (link-v.) Peter became a judge but John remained a fisherman. (link-v) How many weeks will you remain here? (vi.) 3. look into 调查, 向里面看 eg. The police are looking into the case. / The boy stood on a chair, looking into the room. look at 瞧；看 look like 看起来像 look for 寻找 look sb. up and down 上下仔细打量某人 look after 照顾 look forward to doing sth. 期盼做某事 look into 调查；向里面看 look out 当心 look round 环顾四周 look up 查字典，向上看 4. insist insist on/upon sth/ doing 坚持做，坚决做 insist that-clause 坚持认为, 坚持说… 从句通常用虚拟语气, (should) not +V原 而且主句的主语与从句的不一致 类似用法的词还有: suggest; demand; require eg. Mother insisted that I should not watch TV all the time. He insisted that we accept these gifts. 但是表示坚持一个事实, 一个主张或想法时, 不用虚拟语气 eg. He insisted that he caught sight of a man in the room at that time. Ex. 她坚持说你那天晚上是在场的. She insisted that you were present that night. 5. belong to 属于，是…的成员, 是…的组成部分, 是…的属性, 职能等 eg. All the goods here belong to the school. / Who does this garden belong to? Put it back to which /where it belong after you have read it. ※ belong to 不用于被动语态和进行时态 6. … could never have imagined that…
情态动词(could /might /must /should) +have done 表示对过去发生的事情的推测，批评，反悔等意思 eg. When you spoke in front of l, 300 people, you must have felt very nervous. You should have told us earlier .What shall we do now ? ※ can /could +have done 常用于疑问句和否定句中，表示对过去发生的事情的可能性推测 eg. He couldn’t have gone abroad , as I saw him just now. ※ could /can +have done 也可以表示“本来（过去）可以做到，但实际并没有做到”之意 eg .You could have passed the exam. Ex. 我们本来可以把钱借给他，但他没有告诉我们他需要钱。 We could have lent him the money but he didn’t tell us he needed the money . 7. Although it feels as hard as stone , it easily melts when heated . when heated = when it is heated , 省略了“主语+be”，这种省略句省略的主语应与主句的主语相同。 8. be made into 被制成…/ be made of 用…制成(看得见原材料) be made from 用…制成(看不见原材料) / be made for 为…制作 be made up of 由…组成 Ex. 用以上短语完成句子。 1). A car is made up of many different parts . / 2). The chair is made of wood . 3). The wine is made from grapes . / 4). The salad is made of lettuce , tomatoes and cucumbers . 5). Wood can be made into paper . ※ be made out of 主要用于 “be made of” 之意, 有时也用于 “be made from” 之意. 9 . The design for the room was of the fancy style popular in those days . of the fancy style… days在句子中作表语 ※ “be of +名词(词组)”表示主语的某种形状或特征 ※ be of a(n) / the / the same “属于, 归于” be of the size / weight / height / age / colour / kind… eg. All of the boys in the class are of the same age . ※ be of + 抽象名词 = be + 该词的形容词 eg. be of great value = be very valuable importance important use useful help helpful eg. I am pleased to have been of help to you .=very helpful ※ popular in those days 是形容词修饰the fancy style .相当于定语从句, 通常放在名词之后 = which is popular in those days . 10. agree 区别agree with , agree to , agree on . agree with 指出自主观愿望的”赞成” “同意”, 后接某人, 某人的观点, 意见或所说的话等 agree on 指双方或多方 “在…方面取得一致意见” 或 “在…方面达成非正式协议”, 主语必须指双方或多方或者涉及到另一方 agree to 指 “接受” “认可”, 常指并非出自主观愿望的同意 Ex . You and I agree on this point . / They might not agree with his opinions. She can’t agree to your demands / I agree with what you said. 11. in return 作为回报, 作为回馈 Ex. 为报答约翰, 我们开车把他送回家。 In return, we drove John back home. ※ in return of 作为…的回报 eg. I bought him a drink in return of his help . 12. Later, Catherine Ⅱhad the Amber Room moved to the Palace… ※ have sth. done 表示 “请人做某事” eg. I had my hair cut yesterday. Ex. 我要请人修理单车. I want to have my bike repaired. ※ have sth. done 还可表示 “使遭遇某种(不幸的)事情” eg. I had my watch stolen last night. / He had his leg broken in the match last week. 13. …the room was completed the way she wanted it. The way she wanted it 是方式状语从句, the way 的用法与连词相同,后面常带that in a way, in the way 也有类似的用法 she wanted it 是定语从句修饰 the way, 后面的关系代词可用that / in which / - Ex. 她以我喜欢的方式烹调鸡肉。 She cooks chicken in the way I like. 14. Almost six hundred candles lit the room. light vi.＆ vt. 照亮，点亮 过去式，过去分词可用lit, lighted， 当过去分词作定语修饰名词时，只能用lighted a lighted candle ( √ ) a lit candle ( × ) 15. furniture 家具中各种可移动的家具的总称 [ u ] 不论受什么修饰，前面不能加不定冠词 a ，也不能用复数 一件家具 a piece of furniture 许多家具 pieces of furniture / much furniture 16. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train…. that the boxes were then put on a train….是 no doubt 的同位语从句，此类从句通常用that 来引导 eg. There is no doubt that we can finish our task ahead of time. They had to face the fact that the nearest filling station is thirty kilometers away. ※ There is no doubt 后接名词时，需用介词 about / of , eg. There is no doubt about / of his honesty. doubt 也可作不及物动词，“怀疑，不信”, 在肯定句中常接whether / if 从句，在否定句中常接 that 从句 eg. I doubt whether we can get the first place in the competition. I don’t doubt that he will tell us the truth. 17. consider &n
