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四川省三台中学 肖清奎 英语中强调句型的基本结构是：It is/was ＋被强调部分＋who/ that＋句子的其他部分。该句型能强调英语句子中除谓语动词以外的其他任何成分。它是中学英语学习的重点和难点句型，也是高考试题考查的热点。随着近几年全国各省（市）高考的自主命题，对高考考点的不断深入变化，该句型也总是以新的面孔出现。但不管其怎样变化，它总是脱离不了It is/was ＋被强调部分＋who/ that…这一框架。下面结合有关高考试题，将其考查形式归纳如下（划线部分为正确选项）： 一．考查强调句型结构本身 这是一种最基本的考查方式，主要体现在对引导词it和that/who进行考查。例： 1. It is imagination makes the world colorful, full of vigor and vitality. （2007，上海春） A . where B. what C. that D. when 2. It is these poisonous products can cause the symptoms of the flu , such as headache and aching muscles . （2003，上海） A. who B. that C. how D. what 3. It was only with the help of the local guide ________. （2005，上海春） A. was the mountain climber rescued B. that the mountain climber was rescued C. when the mountain climber was rescued D. then the mountain climber was rescued 4. I don’t mind her criticizing me, but is how she does it that I object to. （2007，江西） A. it B. that C. this D. which 二．考查强调句型一般疑问句形式 句式特点：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋who/ that…？解题时只需要把一般问句还原为陈述句，便可清楚地看出其句子结构。例： 5. Was it in this palace ____the last emperor died? （NMET 1987） A. that B. in which C. in where D. which
6. Was it during the Second World War___ he died? （NMET 1988） A. that B. while C. in which D. then 三．考查强调句型特殊疑问句形式 句式特点：特殊疑问词 ＋ is/was it that…？解此类题时，关键是要在理解具体语境的情况下，选准特殊疑问词。例： 7. ---- ______ that he managed to get the information? ---- Oh, a friend of his helped him. （2005，山东） A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it 8. Why! I have nothing to confess. _______ you want me to say? （2004，上海） A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that 四．结合状语从句进行考查 句式特点：将整个状语从句置于被强调的部分。例： 9. It was after he got what he had desired he realized it was not so important. A. that B. when C. since D. as （2006，辽宁） 10.It was only when I reread his poems recently_____ I began to appreciate their beauty. A. until B. that C. then D. so （NMET1998） 五．结合（not）… until句型进行考查 句式特点：It is/was until ＋ 被强调部分＋that ＋延续性谓语动词 It is/was not until ＋ 被强调部分＋that ＋非延续性谓语动词。这是目前高考试题对强调句型最热衷的考查方式之一。例： 11.It _____ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ____ I found we had a lot in common. （2007，浙江） A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasn’t until; when D. wasn’t until; that 12.It was not until she got home _______ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. A. when B. that C. where D. before （2006，全国II） 13. It wasn’t until nearly a month later I received the manager’s reply . （2005，全国II） A．since B．when C．as D．that 14. It was ________ back home after the experiment . (2004，湖北） A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go 六．结合定语从句进行考查 句式特点：在被强调部分或句子其他部分包含有一个定语从句，此种句式结构较为复杂。解题时首先是要确定定语从句的位置，即找出定语从句的先行词。要特别注意不要把定语从句的关系词和强调句中that/who相混淆。不过，此类句子的顺序多为：It is/was ＋ 被强调部分（状语）＋定语从句＋that ＋句子的其他部分。例： 15. It was in Baihai Park ___they made a date for the first time___ the old couple told us their love story. A. that; that B. where; when C. that; when D. where; that 通过对句子结构进行分析，我们可以发现本句是对地点状语in Baihai Park进行强调，而地点状语in Baihai Park带了一个定语从句，那么Baihai Park就是定语从句they made a date for the first time的先行词。故选D。 七．结合名词性从句进行考查 句式特点：整个强调句型用作名词性从句，或被强调部分是名词性从句，或句子的其他部分包含有一个名词性从句。这也是目前高考试题对强调句型最常使用的考查方式之一。例： 16. It is not who is right but what is right ______ is of importance. A. which B. it C. that D. this （2007，重庆） 析：主语从句被置于被强调部分。 17 .I just wonder ____ that makes him so excited. A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is （2006，山东） 18.I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter ___I’m talking to. A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom （2004，广东） 析：第17、18题考查的是强调句型的特殊疑问句形式用作宾语从句。根据语法规则，在宾语从句中要用陈述语序，故用what it is和who it is。 19. David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature ___ he chose the course. A. that B. what C. why D. how （2006，上海春） 析：整个强调句型用作宾语从句。 20.It was with great joy he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. A．because B．which C．since D．that （2004，福建） 析：此句虽然是对状语with great joy进行强调，但整个句子带有一同位语从句that his lost daughter had been found来说明the news。
