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【典例精析】 （2009。北京卷）C How Room Designs Affect Our Work and Feelings Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical（经验的，实证的） basis. They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused and lead to relaxation. Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook. In additions to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence an occupant's ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention. Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and it seems to, according to a study led by C. Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design & Planning Laboratory at the University of Georgia. Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots. Recent study on room lighting design suggests than dim（暗淡的） light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax.
So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. We have a very limited number of studies, so we're almost looking at the problem through a straw（吸管）, architect David Allison says. How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? That's what we're all struggling with. What does Joan Meyers-Levy focus on in her research? A. Light. B. Ceilings. C. Windows. D. Furniture. 【解析】B细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知Joan Meyers-Levy focus on ceilings. The passage tells us that ______. A. the shape of furniture may affect people's feelings B. lower ceilings may help improve students' creativity C. children in a dim classroom may improve their grades D. students in rooms with unblocked views may feel relaxed 【解析】A细节判断题。根据文中内容可知B,C和D均是错误的。 The underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably means that ______. A. the problem is not approached step by step B. the researches so far have faults in themselves C. the problem is too difficult for researchers to detect D. research in this area is not enough to make generalized patterns 【解析】D句意猜测题。根据划线句子后面的一句话可以知道该题的正确答案为:D。 67. Which of the following shows the organization of the passage? CP: Central Point P: Point SP: Sub-point（次要点） C: Conclusion 【解析】C考查文章结构。注意解题技巧。第一段为总要点，最后一段为结论，要点123共同服务于结论，重要的是要点二又包含了两个次要点。综上分析可知答案为:C。 （2009.天津卷）A Societies all over the world name places in similar ways. Quite often there is no official naming ceremony but places tend to be called names as points of reference by people. Then an organized body steps in and gives the place a name. Frequently it happens that a place has two names: One is named by the people and the other by the government. As in many areas, old habits died hard, and the place continues to be called by its unofficial name long after the meaning is lost. Many roads and places in Singapore（新加坡） are named in order that the pioneers will be remembered by future generations. Thus we have names such as Stamford Road and Raffles Place. This is in keeping with traditions in many countries ---- in both the West and the East. Another way of naming places is naming them after other places. Perhaps they were named to promote friendships between the two places or it could be that the people who used to live there were originally from the places that the roads were named after. The mystery is clearer when we see some of the roads named in former British bases. If you step into Selector Airbase you will see Piccadilly Circus ---- obviously named by some homesick Royal Air Force personnel. Some places were named after the activities that used to go on at those places. Bras Basah Road is an interesting example, “Base Basah” means “wet rice” in Malay（马来语）. Now why would anyone want to name a road “Wet Rice Road”? The reason is simple. During the pioneering days, wet rice was laid out to dry along this road. A few roads in Singapore are named by their shapes. There is “Circular Road” for one. Other roads may have part of their names to describe their shapes, like “Paya Lebar Crescent”. This road is called a crescent（月牙） because it begins on the main road, makes a crescent and comes back to join the main road again. 36. We learn from Paragraph 1 that _____. A. the government is usually the first to name a place B. many places tend to have more than one name C. a ceremony will be held when a place is named D. people prefer the place names given by the government 【解析】B推理理解题。 由 “Frequently it happens that a place has two names”可知。 37. What does the underlined phrase “die hard” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Change suddenly. B. Change significantly. C. Disappear mysteriously. D. Disappear very slowly. 【解析】D词义猜测题。 根据下文“the place continues to be called by its unofficial name long after the meaning is lost”可知。 38. Which of the following places is named after a per
