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Unit 1 Getting along with others 重点单词 【1】 stand n. 站，立，停止；立场；地位；台；坛；摊 v．(stood，stood)站；立；起立；坐落；经受；持久 He was criticized for his tough stand on immigration. 他因在移民问题上立场强硬受到批评。 There stand some skyscrapers along the foot of the mountain. 山下有一些高楼大厦。 Standing at the top of the hill, we can see the whole village. 站在山顶，我们可以看到整个村庄。 Nobody can stand being laughed at in public. 没有人能受得了在公众场合被人嘲笑。 stand by 站在旁边 stand for 代表 stand on one's feet 自主，自助 stand at attention 立正 stand, tolerate, bear, put up with stand指忍受某事物；容忍某人的行为；经受得起。不用被动语态，尤其用于否定句和疑问句中，与can/could连用，不用于进行时态，后跟名词、代词、动名词或不定式。 tolerate忍受令人生厌的事，隐含为了和平和融洽，而不反对的意思。与put up with意思相近，均指耐心忍受，含有宽恕，不计较之意。 There is a limit to what one person can tolerate. 一个人的容忍是有限度的。 I don't know how she puts up with him. 我不明白她怎么受得了他。 bear忍受，忍耐，指可以忍受饥寒、痛苦、困难、不幸、侮辱，与stand意义相近，在否定句和疑问句中与can/could连用。 The pain was almost more than he could bear. 这种痛苦几乎使他无法忍受。 ①If we don't take measures to reduce noise pollution, one day we can not ______ it. A. put off B. put forward C. put up with D. put up for ②Considering his home situation, he had to ______________ his wife in many aspects. ③He can ______________ more pain than anyone else I know. ④She had to ______________ many inconvenience while studying abroad. ①C 此处的词义是“忍受”。D项不是一个固定的搭配；A项表示“推迟”；B项表示“提出”。 ②tolerate/put up with ③stand/bear ④put up with/tolerate 【2】 doubt n. & v. 怀疑， 疑惑 doubt接宾语从句，在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面需接that引导的宾语从句；如用于肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。在肯定句中，doubt后面也可以接that引导的宾语从句，但表示疑虑较大或不相信。 We don't doubt that he can deal with the accident. 我们相信他能处理这个事故。 I doubt whether Tom has taken my watch.
我不太相信汤姆拿了我的手表。 I doubt that he has stolen my watch. 我怀疑他偷了我的手表。 doubt接同位语从句。doubt用在否定句中，后面接that 引导的同位语从句；doubt用在肯定句中，后面接whether 引导的同位语从句，注意不可以用if替换whether。如： There is no doubt that he can do a good job of it. 毫无疑问，这件工作他会干得很出色。 There is some doubt whether she can win the match. 她能否赢得这场比赛还有些疑问。 作名词时常与about/of/as to/on等介词连用。 I've no doubt of your ability. 我肯定你有能力。 People have no doubt about it. 对此人们坚信不疑。 There is no doubt about…对……毫不怀疑 There is no doubt that…毫无疑问…… no doubt肯定的，毫无疑问的 without/beyond doubt无疑；当然 in doubt怀疑，不肯定 make no doubt of对……毫不怀疑 throw/cast doubt on对……产生怀疑 clear up all doubts 消除一切疑虑 have doubt about 对……有疑问 ①— Do you think that Mary will win the speech contest this weekend? — ______. She is said to have won several big prizes already. A. No doubt B. No way C. No wonder D. No surprise ②I had ______ whether or not I should attend the meeting. A. expected B. supposed C. imagined D. doubted ③Kate paid him in advance, which ______ was a mistake. A. no more B. no doubt C. no wonder D. no luck ① A 后句说明了她的实力，这里应该是说“毫无疑问”。 ② D 句意：我怀疑我是否应该参加这个会议。根据后面宾语从句的连接词whether及句子意义，用doubt表示“怀疑”。 ③ B no doubt毫无疑问，无疑。no more不再；no wonder不出奇。运气不好应用bad luck。 【3】 focus v. 集中，聚集，调整 n．焦点 The discussion focused on three main problems. 讨论集中在3个主要问题上。 Bring the object into focus if you want a sharp photograph. 要照出清晰的照片，就要把焦点对准物体。 He always wants to be the focus of attention. 他总想成为注意力的焦点。 focus (…) on… (注意力，时间等)集中于…… You should focus your attention on your work. 你应该把注意力放到工作上。 All our efforts are focused on bringing everything in the flood－stricken areas back to normal. 目前我们的工作重点是使遭受洪灾的地区一切恢复正常。 另外，center (…) on…， concentrate (…) on…， keep/fix one's concentration on…与focus (…) on…的词义基本一致。 With all their attention ______ on the program on TV, no one could even notice that someone was crawling into the house. A. to focus B. focusing C. focused D. to be focused C 句型with＋O.＋O.C.中，attention与focus之间为被动关系，且根据时态可知，事情已经发生，所以不选D。 【4】 admit vt. 准许进入；录取，接受；承认；容纳 The auditorium admits 5,000 persons. 这座礼堂可容纳5000人。 admit…to/into 允许进入 be admitted to/into 被录取，被接受 David was admitted into the club in 2005. 大卫在2005年被俱乐部接纳。 admit (doing) sth./that…承认…… The child admitted that he had broken the glass. 小孩承认他打碎了玻璃杯。 admission n．准入，接纳 Last admissions to the park are at 4 p．m. 公园最晚的入园时间是下午4点。 — Did Jack ______ having taken some books without telling anyone? — Yes. He said he took 4 books. A. imagine B. admit C. attempt D. allow B admit doing sth. 承认做了某事。 【5】 blame v. 责备；谴责；归咎于 n. 责怪；(过失、过错等)责任 sb. be to blame for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事某人应该受到谴责 The careless driver is to blame for the traffic accident happening yesterday. 那个粗心的司机该为昨天发生的交通事故负责。 The student blamed the teacher for his failure. 学生因他的失败而怪老师。 bear/take/accept/get the blame for sth. 对某事承担责任 Why do I always get the blame for everything that goes wrong? 为什么出了事总是让我背黑锅？ If you fail the exam, you'll only have yourself to blame. 你若考试不及格，只能怪自己。 blame sth. on sb. 因某事而指责某人 lay/put the blame for sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
【注意】be to blame为不及物动词短语，应负责，该受责备(无被动形式)。 ①句型转换 A: She blamed the failure of their marriage on him. B: She ______ ______ ______ the failure of their marriage. ②The continuous rain was ______ for the exceptional poor harvest. A. blamed B. condemned C. accused D. charged ①blamed him for ②A blame sb./sth. for…因……埋怨、责怪……；condemn 谴责、判刑；accuse sb. of/charge sb. with控告某人犯有…… 【6】 discourage vt. 打消(做……的念头)，使气馁 discourage sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 Our teacher discourages us from speaking in class. 老师不允许我们在课堂上讲话。 We ought to be focusing on discouraging the kids from smoking. 我们应该把重点放在劝阻孩子吸烟的问题上。 “阻止某人做某事”还有以下表达： stop sb. from doing sth. prevent sb. from doing sth. keep sb. from doing sth. The storm prevented/stopped/kept him from going to work on time. 暴风雪使他不能按时上班。 【注意】 在上面的几个结构中，只有keep sb. from doing sth.结构中的from不能去掉。 ①His parents ______ him from playing basketball because he didn't do well in his subjects recently. A. discouraged B. attracted C. disturbed D. distracted ②Some parents in the countryside keep their children ______ in the fields instead of going to school, but now some policies are being made to keep the parents ______so. A. from working; from doing B. working; doing C. working; from doing D. from working; doing ①A 本题考查固定搭配discourage sb. from doing sth.，意为“阻止某人做某事”。B、C、D项与题意不符。 ②C 第一空是keep sb. doing…让某人
