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Unit 4 Public transport 重点单词 【1】 beneath prep. 在……下方，低于，劣于 The sun is now beneath the horizon. 太阳此刻落到地平线以下了。 He is beneath his brother intellectually. 他在智力方面不如他兄弟。 He is beneath her in education. 她在教育方面比他强。 beneath, under与below beneath 紧贴于物体下表面，强调某物被另一物覆盖或遮住。 under 有间距，物体正下方。 The cat is asleep under the table. 猫在桌子底下睡着了。 below 表示两事物在同一建筑物内、同一座山上、人体的同一部位等，但其中一物的位置低于另一物。 They live in the apartment below us. 他们住在我们楼下的套间里。 用under, beneath, below填空 ①He took a novel from __________ the paper. ②There were a few farmers lying down __________ the shade of the tree. ③There was a small flower bed __________ the window. ④A fly is resting __________ the ceiling. ⑤The supplier of goods will sell nothing if he charges above the market price and sell all if he charges at or ______ the market price. A. Below B. beneath C. over D. above ①beneath ②under ③below ④beneath ⑤A above的反义词为below; beneath的反义词为over。 【2】辨析annoy, bother annoy 指由于干扰、不顺利或受不了某种外界情况等而“使烦恼、懊恼”。 I was annoyed by his bad manners. 他的无礼使我恼怒。 bother 指不停地“扰乱”、“麻烦”， 使人不能安宁，而产生烦恼的心理。 Pardon me for bothering you with such a small matter. 请原谅我为这点小事麻烦你。 The lady got ______ because the boy broke her window. A. happy B. annoy C. annoyed D. anger C get annoyed with sb. 对某人恼火；生某人的气。 【3】 release n．&v. 释放，放开，发行；解脱 The family paid a ransom of 50,000 dollars for the child's release. 那家人为了赎回孩子付了5万美元。 The terrorists will only release their hostages on certain conditions. 恐怖分子只有在某些条件下才释放人质。 The actor's new film will be released next month. 这位男演员的新影片下个月将公开发行。 After the trainer was sure that the whale could look after itself he ______ it into the sea.
A. transported B. unloaded C. released D. handled C 【4】辨析 promise, let, allow, permit (1) promise意思是“诺言；答应，许诺”，可以接双宾语、不定式、含不定式的复合宾语或从句作宾语。 promise sb. to do sth. 答应某人做某事 The father promised his daughter to teach her brother a lesson. 父亲答应他的女儿(他)给她的弟弟一个教训。(句中的不定式to teach her brother a lesson在此作宾语，而不是宾语补足语) He promised that the roof should be repaired within two days. 他答应两天内应该修好屋顶。 (2) let“允许、让”，常用于口语，其后接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。 Don't let your child play with matches. 别让孩子玩火柴。 (3) allow“允许”，是日常用语，表示允许某人做某事时，其后接to的不定式作宾语补足语，也可用于被动 语态中。(参见M4U2) The boss doesn't allow me to use the telephone. 老板不允许我使用电话。 (4)permit“允许”，侧重表示得到权威的认可，正式条文或法规的“准许”，多用于正式场合。 The doctor doesn't permit me to stay up. 医生并不允许我熬夜。 ①— Can I smoke here? — Sorry. We don't allow ______ here. A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking ②The guard ______ the old man to enter the hall after he showed him the pass. A. promised B. let C. agreed D. permitted ①D 句意：对不起，我们不允许在这儿抽烟。allow接动名词作宾语，表示“允许做某事”。 ②D 句意：老人出示通行证后门卫让他进入大厅。句型为“permit sb. to do sth.” 表示“允许某人做某事”，与题意相符。 【5】 undertake v. (undertook, undertaken) 承担；承受；许诺；开始进行 undertake后接名词、代词或不定式作宾语，但不能接动词的－ing形式。同时，也可接宾语从句。 I'll undertake that I will buy you a birthday present. 我保证给你买一件生日礼物。 undertake to do sth. 答应做某事 I undertook to teach the children English. 我答应教孩子们英语。 He is going to undertake a new experiment. 他打算着手进行一项新的实验。 If the equipment is not up to the agreed specifications and quality, we will ______ to replace it. A. force B. undertake C. overcome D. apply B 句意：如果设备达不到议定的规格质量，我们将负责调换。force作“迫使、强迫”，常跟宾语；apply表示“申请”，后常跟for；overcome表示“克服”；而undertake则表示“负责，着手”，后可跟不定式。 【1】 pick up 拾起；收拾；学到；获得；[口] 与……偶然结识 The boy picked up the hat for the old man. 男孩替老人拾起了帽子。 You should pick up the tools after work. 工作结束后你应该把工具收拾好。 He was picking up the skills quickly. 他正在很快地掌握技术。 We picked up a couple of girls at the pub last Friday. 上星期五我们在酒吧结识了几个女孩。 pick off 摘掉，取走 pick on 挑选人(去做不愉快的事) pick one's pocket 偷某人口袋里的钱 pick over 检查并从中精挑细选 pick through 搜查，搜寻 ①I ______ a lot of English while I was in England. A. picked out B. put out C. put up D. picked up ②A study shows that students living in non－smoking dorms are less likely to ______ the habit of smoking. A. make up B. pick up C. draw up D. turn up ①D pick up在此表示“偶然中学到”。 ②B 句意为“研究表明住在无烟宿舍的学生不容易染上吸烟的习惯”。pick up意为“捡起，学会”，符合句意。 【2】 drop off 让……下车；减少；下降；睡着 Please drop me off at the bank. 请让我在银行下车。 The business of the company was dropping off. 这家公司的生意日益清淡。 She dropped off during the lesson. 她在听课时睡着了。 My old friend Jack was on business in the city and he ______ me yesterday. A. dropped out of B. dropped in at C. dropped in on D. dropped off C drop in on sb. 顺便拜访某人。 【3】辨析postpone, delay, put off (1)postpone 用于正式场合，由于种种原因而不得不“延期”完成会议等； They postponed sending an answer to a request. 他们耽搁了对一项请求的答复。 (2)delay 指由于各种原因而导致“延误、耽搁”； The flight was badly delayed because of fog. 因雾航班被延误了很久。 (3)put off 一般用语。 To postpone ______ the debt will ruin our business reputation. A. paying B. to pay C. pay D. paid A postpone doing sth. 延期做某事。 【1】 Aeroplanes are used to travel quickly over long distances. 飞机用来长距离的快速旅行。 句中的be used to do“被用来做某事”，to 是不定式符号，后跟动词原形。 Bamboo is used to make into walking sticks and fishing poles. 竹子用来制成手杖和渔竿。 And all this beautiful silk, she said, would be used to weave colorful clouds in heaven. 她说所有这些美丽的蚕丝都将用来织天上的彩云。 (1) used to 表示“过去如此，现在不再这样了”。只有过去时，它既可以视为助动词，其否定式为：usedn't to；亦可以看作及物动词，其否定式为：didn't use to。它不能用来说明事情发生的具体次数和状态，不能强调动作，不用于现在时。 I used to live with my grandparents, but I have my own home now. 过去我与祖父母生活在一起，但现在我有自己的家了。 She used to visit her uncle on holidays, didn't she? 她以前常常在假日去拜访她的叔叔，是不是？ (2) be used to doing是“习惯于”某一客观事实和状态，不强调动作，to为介词。 He is used to working in that company. 他习惯了在那家公司工作。 (3) get used to 指的是从不习惯到习惯这一过程的转变，强调动作，不用于现在时。 You will soon get used to the weather here. 你很快就会习惯这里的天气。 Did you get/become used to hard work when you were in the countryside? 你在乡下时习惯于辛勤劳动吗？ In my opinion, life in the twenty－first century is much easier than ______. A. that used to be B. it is used to C. it was used to D. it used to be D 句意：依我看,21世纪的生活比过去容易多了。通常情况下used to 后面的be不能省。 【2】 So why not take a trip on the oldest underground system today?
