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Unit 3 The world of colours and light 重点单词 【1】calculate v. 计算；估计，推算，推测 be calculated to do/for sth. 旨在，打算做某事 It is calculated that…据计算…… calculate on/upon ＝ depend/rely on 指望，期待 It is calculated that at least 47,000 jobs were lost last year. 据计算，去年至少丧失了47000个工作岗位。 This advertisement is calculated to attract the attention of housewives. 这个广告是为引起家庭主妇们的注意而设计的。 We can't calculate on having fine weather for the sports meeting. 我们不指望有好天气开运动会。 我们能指望他们的帮助吗？ _______________________________________________________________________ Can we calculate on their help? 【2】 negotiate v. 谈判；协商；商谈；达成协议(常与with连用) negotiate with sb. about sth. 就某事同某人谈判 The government will not negotiate with them. 政府不会和他们谈判。 negotiation n. 谈判；协商；商谈 The issue is still under negotiation. 这个问题还在商讨之中。 be in/carry on negotiation with sb. 与某人进行谈判 让我们来议一下价吧。 ________________________________________________________________________ Let's negotiate the price. 【3】 argain n. 廉价货 v. 讲价；谈条件 This jacket is a real bargain at such a low price. 这件夹克衫这么便宜，真划得来。 make a bargain with sb. 与某人订立协议 He made a bargain with his wife, “You take care of the children and I'll cook.” 他跟妻子讲条件， “你看好孩子，我做饭。” bargain with sb. for/over/about sth. 就某事与某人讲价 ①你讲讲价，他们可能会把价钱降低。 ________________________________________________________________________ ②— I bought this MP4 for only 300 yuan. — You really got a wonderful ______. A. price B. value C. bargain D. gift ①If you bargain with them, they might reduce the price. ②C price 价格；value 价值；重要性；bargain 便宜货；gift 礼物；天赋；a wonderful bargain 以极其便宜的价格购得之物(通常指值钱的东西)。由句意可知，C项符合题意。 【4】 range n. 范围，列，排，山脉 v. 变动、变化，排列，将……排成行 range from…to 从……到……变化 The prices of the dolls range from $5 to $100.
那些布娃娃的价格从5美元到100美元不等。 She ranged the books on the shelves. 她把书架上的书排列好了。 There is a range of mountains in my hometown. 我家乡有连绵不断的山脉。 This gun has a range of 300 meters. 这支枪的射程是300米。 with/in the range of 在……范围内 a range of 一系列 in range with 和……排列 out of one's range 某人所不能及的 with/in one's range 在某人的能力范围内 beyond one's range 超出某人的范围 at a(n)＋adj.＋range of 在……范围内 range over 漫游；涉及，包括；扫视 range between…and…在……和……之间变化 It is estimated that the cost ranges between $1 million and $5 million. 估计损失在100万美元到500万美元之间。 range＋介词(on/in/along/through/with…) 按……排列 ①— Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree? — No, it's out of ______. A. range B. reach C. control D. distance ②The frontier ______ from the northern hills to the southern coast. A. arranges B. ranges C. varieties D. limits ③The cards ______ alphabetical order. A. range in B. were ranged at C. were ranged in D. range of ④这些孩子们的年龄在8岁到15岁之间。(汉译英) _______________________________________________ ①A 根据问句句意“你能射到树顶上那只鸟吗？”和答语“不能”，out of reach(够不着)；out of control(失控)；out of distance(超出距离)都不符合题意，out of range(超出射程范围)，故答案选A。 ②B 题意：边境线从北部山地一直延伸到南部海岸。range from…to…“在……和……之间变化”。arrange “安排”；variety为名词，“多样化”；limit“限制”，与句意不符。 ③C 此题应用被动语态，而且与order搭配的介词为in, 表示“以……的顺序”。 ④The children's ages range from 8 to 15. 【5】 distribute v. 分配，散发 distribute sth. among sb. 在……中分配 These books were distributed among schools in the area. 这批书是在本地区的学校中分配的。 distribute sth. to sb. 把某物分给某人 The demonstrators distributed leaflets to passers－by. 示威者向行人分发传单。 distribution n. 分配，分布，分发 distributive adj. 分配的，分布的，分发的 distributor n. 分配者，分布者，分发者 distribute，divide (1) distribute 指将某物分成一定的部分或数量，通常各份的数量不一定相等，然后分给某些人或地方。 The mother distributed candies among children. 母亲给孩子们发糖果。 The books in the library were distributed according to subjects. 图书馆里的藏书按科目分类。 (2) divide 指把整体分成若干部分。 The teacher divided the class and took one section to the library and left the other to write an article. 老师把该班分开，把一组人领去图书馆，留下其余的人写作文。 ①I think we should ______ the cost equally among us. What do you think? A. divide B. distribute C. separate D. expand ②Some blood types are quite common, others are regionally ______， and still others are rare everywhere. A. distributed B. contributed C. obtained D. convinced ① A divide分开(把整体分成若干份)，常与into连用；distribute分布，分配；separate 把……与……分开，常与from连用；expand扩大，扩展。 ② A distribute 分布，分散；contribute 贡献，导致；obtain 得到；convince 使确信。句意为“一些血型很普遍，另外一些只分布在局部地区，还有一些哪里都很罕见”。 【6】 appetite n．爱好；欲望；食欲；胃口 Exercise gave us a good appetite. 运动使我们胃口大增。 【注意】 appetite 表示“食欲；爱好；欣赏”的时候，相当于taste。 She shows good appetite/taste in music. 她对音乐的鉴赏力很高。 当appetite表示“欲望；渴望”时，相当于desire。 I have no appetite/desire to discuss the matter further. 我不想再谈此事。 have an appetite for sth. 爱好…… He has an appetite for traveling. 他非常喜欢旅游。 to sb.'s appetite 合某人的口味(心意) lose one's appetite 食欲不振 have a good/poor appetite 胃口好/不好 get up one's appetite 开胃，增进食欲 improve one's appetite 食欲大增 spoil/ruin/take away one's appetite 影响食欲 ①散步使我胃口大开。 ________________________________________________________________________ ②孩子们胃口都很好。 ________________________________________________________________________ ①The walk has given me a good appetite. ②The children all have good appetites. 【7】 abandon v. 完全放弃；离弃；抛弃 The sailors abandoned the burning ship. 航员们放弃了那艘着火的船。 abandoned adj. 堕落的，放纵的；被遗弃的 abandonment n. 放弃 abandon oneself to沉湎于；纵情于 abandon, desert, quit, give up 这4个动词或短语的一般含义是“丢弃”，区别如下： (1) abandon的含义是失去控制，或丧失了占有的能力，或“放弃”某物而不准备再要了。强调“完全、永远地遗弃”，尤其是指遗弃以前感兴趣或负有责任的人或物。 She abandoned her child. 她遗弃了她的孩子。 (2) desert的含义是抛弃、遗弃“过去占有过”或“过去是伙伴”的人或物。狭义地讲，这个词指“抛弃自己的义务”，强调“违背誓言、命令、责任、义务等”。 The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy. 那个士兵叛国助敌。 (3) quit 强调“突然或不愿意地弃去”，常指“停止”。 She quitted her job. 她放弃了自己的工作。 (4) give up强调指“没有希望或因外界压力而放弃”。 We had given the dog up at last. 最后我们当那只狗已经走失了，而不再存有希望。 His sister ______ her husband and three children and went to live in Holland. A. gave up B. quitted C. stopped D. abandoned D 句意：他姐姐抛弃她丈夫和3个孩子去荷兰定居。abandon表示“完全、永远地抛弃”。 【1】 have a go 尝试，试图(做某事)；攻击，袭击；指责，数落 I'll have a go at fixing it tonight. 我今晚来试修一下。 There were about seven of them standing round him, all waiting to have a go. 他们大约有7个人把他围起来，个个都等着下手。 The boss had a go at me for being late for work. 我上班迟到，老板训了我一顿。 【2】cut up 切碎；使受苦 His mother has to cut up all the food for him. 他的妈妈不得不为他将所有的食物切碎。 Jean was really cut up when her husband left her. 在丈夫抛弃她之后，简痛苦极了。 cut in 插嘴，插队 cut into 侵犯 cut off 切断，使隔绝 cut out 裁剪出；截短；停止 cut down 砍倒；缩短 cut back on 截短，减少 cut away 砍掉 cut&nb
