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2012年高考英语阅读理解训练(一） A Feeling blue about the world? “Cheer up.” says science writer Matt Ridley. “The world has never been a better place to live in, and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.” Ridley calls himself a rational(理性的) optimist—rational, because he's carefully weighed the evidence; optimistic, because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good. And this is what he's set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book, The Rational Optimist. He views mankind as a grand enterprise that, on the whole, has done little but progress for 100,000 years. He backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research. Here's how he explains his views. 1 ) Shopping fuels invention It is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone. Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty, our own generation has access to more nutritious food, more convenient transport, bigger houses, better cars, and, of course, more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us. This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things. The more we specialize and exchange, the better off we'll be. 2) Brilliant advances One reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer??lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food, clothing, fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper. Take one example. In 1800 a candle providing one hour's light cost six hours' work. In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes' work to pay for. In 1950 it was eight seconds. Today it's half second. 3 ) Let's not kill ourselves for climate change Mitigating (减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself. A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use of fossil??fuel (化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by well??meaning members of green political movements trying to save the world, is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change. If climate change proves to be mild, but cutting carbon causes real pain, we may well find that we have stopped a nose??bleed by putting a tourniquet (止血带) around our necks.(说理议论类2011·湖北高考)1. What is the theme of Ridley's most recent book? A.Weakness of human nature. B.Concern about climate change. C.Importance of practical thinking. D.Optimism about human progress.2. How does Ridley look at shopping? A.It encourages the creation of things. B.It results in shortage of goods. C.It demands more fossil fuels. D.It causes a poverty problem.3. The candle and lamp example is used to show that ________. A.oil lamps give off more light than candles B.shortening working time brings about a happier life C.advanced technology helps to produce better candles D.increased production rate leads to lower cost of goods4. What does the last sentence of the passage imply? A. Cutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost. B. Overreaction to climate change may be dangerous. C. People's health is closely related to climate change. D. Careless medical treatment may cause great pain. B Wanted, Someone for a Kiss We're looking for producers to join us on the sound of London Kiss 100 FM. You'll work on the station's music programmes. Music production experience in radio is necessary, along with rich knowledge of modern dance music. Please apply in writing to Producer Vacancies, Kiss 100. Father Christmas We're looking for a very special person, preferably over 40, to fill our Father Christmas suit. Working days: Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December 17 to December 24 except Sundays, 10∶30－16∶00. Excellent pay. Please contact (联系) the Enterprise Shopping Centre, Station Parade, Eastbourne. Accountants Assistant When you join the team in our Revenue Administration Unit, you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division, dealing with post and other general duties. If you are educated to GCSE grade C level we would like to talk to you. This position is equally suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience. Wealden District Council Software Trainer If you are aged 24??45 and have experience in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for. You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing. You will be allowed to make your own decisions, and to design courses as well as present them. Pay upwards of ￡15,000 for the right person. Please apply by sending your CV (简历) to Mrs R. Oglivie, Palmlace Limited.(广告说明类2011·课标全国)5.Who should you get in touch with if you hope to work in a radio station? A.Producer Vacancies, Kiss 100. B.Mrs Oglivie, Palmlace Limited. C.The Enterprise Shopping Centre. D.Wealden District Council.6.We learn from the ads that the Enterprise Shopping Centre needs a person who__
A.is aged between 24 and 40 B.may do some training work C.should deal with general duties D.can work for about a month7.Which position is open to recent school graduates? A.Producer, London Kiss. B.Father Christmas. C.Accountants Assistant. D.Software Trainer.8.What kind of person would probably apply to Palmlace Limited? A.One with GCSE grade C level. B.One with some office experience. C.One having good computer knowledge. D.One trained in producing music programmes. &nbs
