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二轮复习专项二 完形填空 （3 科技信息类） 一、文章特点 科技信息类文章是指介绍当前科学领域的最新科技成果或者正在研发的科技项目的文章。2007年广东高考完形填空题的短文就属这类文章。这类文章有清晰、客观、准确、精练和严密等特点。如果考生对该技术有所了解，对解题是有一定帮助的，但是归根结底还是取决于对文意的透彻理解、对词语的意义和用法的掌握，也离不开解答完形填空的一些技巧。 二、解题技巧 1. 把握语境，一气呵成。 完形填空是要求考生根据上下文语境来进行确定最佳选项的。做题前，必须要结合上下文所给的提示（明示或暗示），对文章整体进行理解和把握。因此，快速浏览全文，掌握短文大意和文中用词习惯，才能在解题时做到一气呵成。 2. 先易后难，各个击破。 做题时碰到有充分把握的先做，不确定的姑且先放一放，待处理完其它的答案时，再回头处理，这时由于对文章有了进一步的理解，往往可能会眼前一亮，有“山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村”之效。 3. 善用文中信息，进行逻辑推断。 做几何证明题时，需要有足够的条件，才能推导出结果。做完形填空时也是如此，需要搜罗证据，再进行逻辑推断，才能得出正确的答案。如2007年广东省高考完形填空的第21空就是应用该能力推敲出来的。 证据一：...we didn’t have to remember passwords. 证据二：...uses face recognition technology to log you on to windows. 证据三：...all you need is a webcam and your pretty face. 收集了这三个证据后，推断出automatically就顺理成章了。 4. 善用关联词语，把握逻辑关系。 文章的逻辑关系大多通过一些过渡性的关联词来实现，这些关联词能给考生指明答题方向。常见的表示逻辑关系的关系词有：表并列关系的and, also, as well as等；表转折关系的but, however, yet等；表因果关系的because, because of, as, since, for that reason, so, therefore, thus, as a result等；表递进关系的besides, in addition, additionally, moreover, furthermore, what’s more等；表选择关系的or, either…or等。 5. 养成阅读习惯，丰富背景常识。 丰富的常识及文化背景知识有利于解题，考生平时要养成课外阅读习惯以扩大自己的知识面。如考生是电脑软件的发烧友，解答2007年广东省高考完形填空题就顺利得多。 三、实例分析 Researchers in Japan have designed a robot that can taste and identify dozens of different wines, cheeses and hors d’oeuvres. The ability to 21 good wine from bad, name the specific brand from a tiny sip and recommend a complementary cheese would seem to be about as 22 a skill as there is. In Japan, robots are doing it. All foods have a 23 fingerprint. The robot uses that data to identify what it is inspecting right there on the spot. When it has identified a wine, the robot speaks up in a childlike voice. It names the 24 and adds a comment or two on the taste, such as whether it is a buttery chardonnay or a full-bodied Shiraz, and what kind of foods might 25 well on the side.
The robots could be “personalized”, or 26 to recognize the kinds of wines its owner prefers and recommend new varieties to fit its owner’s 27 . Because it is analyzing the chemical composition of the wine or food placed before it, it can also alert its owner to possible health issues, gently 28 against fatty or salty products. The 2-foot-tall robot also is 29 . Buying one of these would cost about as much as a new car. There is no plan yet to actually 30 the robot, though the sensor could be available as early as next year. 21. A. know B. tell C. judge D. recognize 22. A. machine B. robot C. human D. wine 23. A. unique B. special C. vital D. useful 24. A. fingerprint B. cheese C. brand D. robot 25. A. match B. mix C. come D. go 26. A. programmed B. specialized C. trained D. identified 27. A. choice B. taste C. ability D. brand 28. A. defending B. fighting C. warning D. protecting 29. A. inexpensive B. expensive. C. dangerous D. unique 30. A. advertise B. present C. develop D. market 答案与解析： 日本的科学研究人员研制出一种能品酒并鉴别和说出多种葡萄酒名的机器人，非常人性化。它还能说出哪种食品与那种葡萄酒相配味更美。 21. B。由上文的identify(识别，鉴别)可知，此处是指区分酒的优劣的能力；表示“鉴别，区别”是tell...from。 22. C。由下句In Japan, robots are doing it可推知，本题是指人类(human)独有的技巧。 23. A。每样食物都有其“独特的，独一无二的(unique)”指纹编码。 24. C。由第二段name the specific brand…可知。 25. D。句意是指何种葡萄酒和何种食品相配就非常对味，指两种食品配在一起对味或好吃，用go well (with)。而match往往指两件东西搭配起来相不相称(此时也可用go with)，如领带和西装相称与否；mix只是将两种或两种以上的东西混在一起。 26. A。由表示进一步解释的or可知，既然“机器人能够‘个性化’”，也就是说，“可以根据主人的口味来设定程序(programmed)，以便为主人推荐适合主人口味(taste)的品牌”。 27. B。指给主人介绍适主人口味合的新的酒类。 28. C。指机器人能够温和地向主人发出警示(warning)不要吃肥腻或多盐的东西。 29. B。由后一句Buying one of these would cost about as much as a new car可知。 30. D。由上文的buying和后部分的available等可知，现在还没有打算将这种机器人投放到市场。此处market是及物动词，意为“将……投放市场销售(offer for sail)”。
Passage 1 Seasonal influenza （流感） is characterized by a sudden fever, cough, headache, muscle and joint pain, sore throat and runny nose. Most people recover from fever and 1 symptoms within a week without turning to medical treatment. But influenza can 2 severe illness or death in people at high risk. The time from infection to illness is about two days. Yearly influenza epidemics can 3 affect all age groups, but the highest risk of complications occur among children younger than age two, adults age 65 or older, and people of 4 age with certain medical conditions, such as chronic heart, lung, kidney, liver, blood or weakened immune systems. Seasonal influenza 5 easily and can sweep through schools, nursing homes or businesses and towns. When an 6 person coughs, the droplets（小液滴）get into the air and another person can 7 them in. The virus can also&nbs
