试题预览
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars 话题: 1. Science of the stars 2. The development of life 3. Space travel and gravity 功能: How to give instructions 重点单词: astronomy n. 天文学 system n.系统 theory n. 理论 religion n. 宗教 atom n. 原子 globe n. 球体;地球仪;地球 unlike prep. 不同 biology n. 生物 satellite n. 卫星 spaceship n.宇宙飞船 atmosphere n. 大气层;气氛 publish v. 出版;公开;发表 violent adj.猛烈的;激烈的;强烈的 fundamental adj. 基本的 multiply v. 增加;乘 thus adv. 因此 climate n. 气候 carbon n. 碳 solid n. 固体 adj. 固体的,坚固的 oxygen n. 氧气 chain n. 链子; surface n. 表面 dioxide n. 二氧化碳 puzzle n. 谜;难题vt. 使迷惑 harmful adj. 有害的;伤害的 exist v. 存在 gravity n. 地心引力;重力 pull v. 拉;拖 crash v. 碰撞;坠落 float v. 漂浮;n. 漂浮物 mass n. 团;块;质量 重点短语: carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 solar system 太阳系 in time 及时;总有一天;总会 prevent…..from 防止 cheer up 感到高兴;感到振奋 now that 既然 break out 爆发 in one’s turn 轮到某人;接着 watch out 密切注视;当心; block out 挡住(光线) 重点语法: Noun Clauses as the subject(主语从句) 知识梳理 一. 重点词汇精讲: 1. globe n. 球体;地球仪;地球 ① The teacher asked all the students to have a globe each. 老师要求所有的学生每人都有一个地球仪。 ② They like to travel around the globe. 他们喜欢环球施行。 [拓展] global adj. 全球的, 全世界的, 综合的,完全的 ③ The commission is calling for a global ban on whaling. 委员会要求禁止捕鲸。 [活学活用] ① 我们出口商品到世界各地。 We export our goods _____________. ② 报告对该公司的问题作了综合性的论述。 The report takes a __________ view of the company’s problems. ③ 艾滋病是一个全球性问题。 Aids is a ___________ problem. [剖析及答案] ① all over the globe 在此句中“globe”是“地球”的含义。②形容词做定语。global表示 “综合的”③形容词做定语。Global含义是“全球的”
2. violent adj.猛烈的;激烈的;强烈的 (语言和行动等)狂热的、激烈的 [拓展] violence n. 暴力,暴行 violently adv. 强烈地;激烈地;凶猛地 ① In my opinion, they will never resort violent means. 在我看来,他们不会使用暴力手段。 ② The debate grew more violent. 辩论变得更加激烈了。 ③ Whatever happens, I will never use violence. 无论发生什么,我决不会使用暴力。 [活学活用] ① 船在海上强烈的风暴中沉没。 The boat sank in a ________ storm at sea. ② 我认为这是一种暴力行为。 I think it is an act of __________. ③ 不要猛烈地关门。 Don’t shut the door ________. [剖析及答案] ①形容词做定语 violent ②violence ③with violence/violently 3. unlike prep.不像(是)…;和…不同 ①She's very unlike her mother; they're completely unlike. 她很不象她的母亲,她俩完全不一样。 ②The picture is quite unlike him. 那帧照片完全不像他。 [拓展] unlikely adj. 未必会发生的;不大可能的 likely adj. 有可能的 dislike v. 不喜欢 ① It is unlikely that the thieves will be caught. 这伙窃贼被抓的可能性不大。 ② Unlike John, Tom dislikes playing football. 与约翰不同,汤姆产喜欢踢足球。 [活学活用] ① 她的声音和平常完全不同。 Her voice was quite _______ her usual one。 ② 我跟许多同学不同,我很喜欢听这个课。 I am very interested in the lecture, _________ many of the students. ③ 你很可能什么时候到? When are you _________ to arrive? [剖析及答案] ①unlike ②unlike ③ likely 4. multiply vt.&vi. 增多;增加(某事物);繁殖;乘 ① When animals have more food , they generally multiply faster. 动物有更多的食物时,它们一般繁殖更快。 ② If you multiply four by three the answer is twelve. 如用3乘4,答案是12。 ③As we climb up the mountain, the danger and difficulty multiply. 我们越向山顶攀爬,危险和困难越是倍增。 [活学活用] ① 世界上所有的生物将一代一代地永远繁衍下去。 All the living things on earth will ____________________________________ without end。 ② 友谊可以增添欢乐,减轻悲伤。 Friendship __________________ joys and divides griefs. [剖析及答案] ①multiply ②multiplies 5. exist vi. 存在;生存 没有被动形式,也不能用于进行时。 [拓展]existence n.存在;生存 come into existence = come into being 开始存在、成立 in existence 现存的 ① But problems still exist. 但是问题仍然存在。 ② The idea exists only in the minds of poets. 这种观念只存在于诗人的心中。 ③ The Republican Party came into existence in1854. 共和党是1854年成立的。 [活学活用] ①这是现存最早的汉语手稿 This is the oldest Chinese manuscript __________________________. ②火星上有生命吗? Does life _______________? [剖析及答案] ①in existence ②exist on Mars 二、重点短语精讲: 1. in time 介词短语,意为“最后;最终”,此外, 它还可以表示“迟早”“及时”(=sooner or later) ① You must go off now if you want to attend the meeting in time. 你若想及时参加会议,必须现在动身。 ②Don’t worry-I’m sure things will get better in time. 不要担心-我相信情况迟早会有所好转的。 ③ They managed to send the patient to hospital in time. 他们设法将病人及时送到了医院。 [活学活用] 和time有关的短语: for the time being 暂时;眼下 at one time 曾经,一度 at times 有时 at the same time 同时 on time 按时 in no time 立刻 all the time 一直;始终 take one’s time 从容进行;别紧张 at a time 每次;一次 once upon a time 从前 kill time 消磨时间 in one’s spare time 在某人的业余时间 ① I've told Paul several times to knock at the door before coming in! but he's forgetting things _. A. on time B. in time C. in no time D. all the time ② The manager tapped me on the shoulder and said, “You are just _______.” A. at times B. in time C. at a time D. in no time [剖析及答案] ① 考查关于time的短语辨析,句意为“好多次我告诉保罗进屋前敲门,他总忘”因此答案为D ② 考查关于time的短语辨析。经理拍拍我的肩膀说:“你来的正是时候”。答案是B 2.now that now that作连接词时,常用来引导一个原因状语从句。常说明原因摆在双方面前,大家都很清楚,无须加以说明。含义上相当于 “since”。常常译为“既然”。在口语中有时可以省略“that”。 ① Now that/Since the fog is clearing, you can see the mountain in the distance. 雾已散,你能看到远处的山了。 ② Now (that) the kids have left home, we’ve got a lot of extra place. 孩子们都离开家了,我们住着就更宽绰了。 ③ You ought to have a good rest now (that) you’ve finished the work. 既然你已完成了工作,你就应该好好休息一下。 [活学活用] ① 既然他们能骑马,那么猎取那些曾经大量存在于美洲草原上的野牛就更容易了。 _____________________________, it became easier to hunt the bison, a type of cattle which used to exist in huge numbers on the plains of America. ② _________ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as [剖析及答案] ①Now (that)/Since they could ride horses ②该句意为“既然你已得到一次机会,你还是充分利用它为好”。might as well“还是…的好”;now that意为“既然”,连接一个表示原因的状语从句。 3. break out (指战争、火灾、疾病等的)突然发生、爆发(没有被动语态和进行时态) ① The American Civil War broke out in 1861. 1861年美国爆发了南北战争。 ② SARS broke out in Asian countries in 2003 and Bird Flu in Europe in 2005. 2003年亚洲上些国家爆发了“非典”疫情,而2005年欧洲出现了禽流感。 [活学活用] 和break有关的短语: break down 分解,(计划等)失败,(机器等)坏了;(身体)垮了 break up 分解,拆散,结束,(关系)破裂,(夫妻)离异 break off 使终止,折断 break into 闯入,破门而入;打断 break in 闯入(vi.);插嘴 break away from 脱离 break through 突破;打通 ① I was late because my car _______ on the way. A. broke up B. broke down C. broke into D. broke out ② A great fire _____ in our town last night