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任务阅读1 阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在文后71-80小题的空格里添上适当的单词或短语。注意:每空不超过3个单词 If you and your friends wish to share a secret, you can write it in code, and no one else will be able to read it. Codes are one way of writing in secrets. Ciphers(暗码) are another. In the code each word is written as a secret code or word number. In a cipher each letter is changed. Codes and ciphers have played an important role in the history of the word. Julius Caeser, the Roman ruler who defeated almost all the countries in Europe about 2000years ago,used a cipher when he sent secret messages to his troops.During American Revolution,George Washington’s spies used a kind of code to send him information about the enemy before his military(军事的) action.In World War 2,the American “broke”,or figured out, Japan’s most important navy codes and got enough information to destroy a powerful Japanese fleet(舰队)。 Storekeepers use codes to mark their goods. The codes show how much was paid for the goods or when they were added to the stock. Businessman use codes to hide plans from their business enemies.Sometimes personal letters or diaries are written in code. Many people enjoy figuring out codes and ciphers simply as a hobby. In the 16th century, codes and ciphers were very popular among scientists.They wrote messages to each other in code so that no one else would learn their secrets.GeronimoGardano,an Intanlian astrologer(星相家),mathematician,and doctor,invented the trellis ciphers.He took two sheets of paper and cut exactly the same holes in each one.Then he sent one sheet,which he called a trellis,to a friend and kept the other for himself. Whenever he wanted to write a message, he put his trellis,over the clean sheet of paper and wrote the secret message through the holes. Then he rermoved the trellis and filed the rest of the paper with words that would make sense.When his friends received it,he put his trellis over the writing and read the secret message.
Title 71. Aspects In wars 72. In science circle Means Using codes and ciphers Using codes Cutting holes in two exact pieces of paper and writing the message 73 Covering the trellis over the writing received to get 74. 75. To 76. to troops To know about business situations To 79. to themselves To make the military leaders 77. of the situation of the war 78. from opponets Results 80. enemies Achieving business goals Sharing secrets messages 答案 71.Codes and ciphers 72.In business (world or circle) 73.through the holes 74. meaningful (useful) information/messages 75.Purposes/Aims 76.send secret messages/information 77informed/know/learn/aware/concious 78.To hide plans/information/messages 79.keep secrets 80.Defeating 任务阅读2
The hitory and legend The name of the Danish flag, the Dannefrog,meaning “the flag of the Danes: or : “the red flag”, is fist encountered in the Danish text from 1478 and in a Netherlandishb text from 100 years before that. In the Netherlandish armariol(GELre) from 1370-1386 a red banner wit5h white cross is annexed to the coat of arms of Veldemar IV Atterdag. According to the legend, the Dannebrogb fell from heaven from a battle in Estonia(爱沙尼亚); this legend is mentioned in Christiern Pedersen’s Danish Chronicle(编年史) from the beginning of the 1520s and by the Franciscan monk Peder Olsen c.1527. This latter relates the event to a battle in 1219. The legend Presumably(椐推测) came into being around 1500 on the basis of the idea that the royal banner which King Hans lost at his defeat in the Ditmarshes in Northern Germany in1500 was the Dannebrog that had fallen from heaven. In 1559 Frederik II recaptured (夺回)the banner and had it hung in Schleswig Cathedral in present-day northern Germany. In a song from the campaign of 1500 the banner charged with the cross is associated with the Roman Emperor Constantine’s dream of the cross in 312 before the battle in which he became absolute monarch in the Roman Empire and according to tradition was converted to Christianity. This vision of the cross, to which are linked the words in hoc signo vinces(“under this sign you shall be victorios”) is the prototype(原型)of the miracles in the shapes of crosses in the sky, which particularly in the Iberian Peninsula(伊比利亚半岛) were connected with battles between Chisians and infidels(异教徒).
The Danish flag Name The Dannebrog Meaning The flag of the Danes or the (1) flag Design A red banner with a (2) cross Origin Legend The flag fell from the(3) during a battle in Estonia; The legend came into (4) around 1500 on the (5) of the idea that the banner King lost at his (6) was the Dannebrog that had fallen from heaven. Song The banner chared with the cross is (7) with the Roman Emperor’s dream of the cross before the battle in(8) He brcame absolute monarch Vision It is (9) to the wor5ds which indicate the victory and it is the peototype of miracles in the (10) of crosses in the sky. Answer 1.red 2.white 3.heaven 4.being 5.basis 6.defeat 7.associated 8.which 9.linked&nbs