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一、语法归纳：倒装结构总结http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/03/06 19:59 英语辅导报 英语中的倒装结构不仅是各类考试的重点,也是我们在阅读理解中正确理解句意的关键,同时也是我们写作增色的措施之一。由此可见,我们有必要掌握其结构和用法。由于倒装结构较多,下面笔者采用一表将其重点内容列出,以使其结构与用法一目了然。 一、全部倒装无需助动词 here,there,then,in,up,down,off,away等副词开头的句子,用来表示强调。 1.副词+谓语+主语。例:Then rang the bell./Here comes the bus./Here come the buses. 2.介词短语+谓语+主语。例:A girl stood in front of the house. =In front of the house stood a girl. 3.副词+主语+谓语(主语为代词不倒装)。例:Mr Li came in.=In came Mr Li.=In he came. 4.表语置于句首,强调表语,或保持句子平衡。(形容词、ed分词、ing分词、介词)+be+主语。 Present at the meeting was Professor Li. 二、部分倒装需要借助助动词副词 1.only +副词、介词短语、状语从句,(位于句首时。但only +主语位于句首不倒装)倒装主句。例: Only then did I realize I was wrong. Only at work does he feel happy. Only if he has time will he come here. (Only socialism can save China./Only the boy can work out the problem.) 2.hardly,never,scarcely'not,no,little,seldom,not until,at no time， by no means等否定副词或连词位于句首时。例:I have never been to London.=Never have I been to London. Seldom does she wear skirt. Not a single mistake did he make. 3.sSo.+adj/adv..that中的so或such...that中的such位于句首时(Such+noun+be+主语)。例: He is so busy that he can't attend it. =So busy is he that he can't attend it. Such a nice pen does he has that he likes it very much. 4.动词、形容词、名词+as /though的让步状语从句中,倒装从句。例: Though she is pretty,she is not clever.=Pretty as she is,she is not clever. Child as he was,he knew a lot. Try as you would,you might fail a-gain. 5.not only...but also连接并列分句时。(连接主语不倒装)前倒后不倒。例: Not only was there no water,but no gas. Not only he but also you saw his watch.
6.neither...nor连接并列分句时。(连接主语不倒装)前后都倒装。例: Neither can she use computer,nor can he. /Neither you nor I enjoyed his story. 7.so位于句首表示前句的内容也同样适用于后一个人或物(只能是肯定句,且前后两句的主语不相同)。so+连系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语。例: She is a teacher.So am I. /I can speak French.So can you. He plays the piano.So does her mother. /They've known it. So has Miss Yang. --Tom has made great progress in English study recently. –So he has, and so have you. 8.neither /nor用于句首,表示前句的否定内容也适用于后一句的人或物。(只能用于否定句) neither /nor +连系动词/助动词/情态动+主语。例:He hardly knows about the law.Neither do his par-ents. I wasn't in the long jump.Nor were they. 9.在表示强烈的祝愿的祈使句中。例:副词+谓语+主语或May+主语+谓语 Long live the People's Republic of China! May you succeed! /May our friendship last for good! (文/浙江温州沈永铭；英语辅导报高中教师版03-04学年第18期) 二. 教学重难点 1 occupation (1) job / employment 工作/ 职业Please state your name , age and occupation (2) period of time during which a house etc, is occupied They have a five-year occupation of the farm . 2.fill in Don’t forget to fill in your boarding cards. (填写) Let me fill you in on what’s been happening in the office over lunch . (向 …提供最新消息) We have got some time to fill in before the show . Let’s go for a drink .( 消磨/打发时间) Sally’s off sick . Can you fill in for her for a month. (临时替代 ) 3 reporter : journalist an on-the –spot reporter 现场记者 It ‘s reported that … 据报道report sb 告发某人= report to sb 向某人汇报 4 personality (1) 人格/ 个性She has a very strong personality . (2)u/cn特色 We need a person with a lot of personality to organize the party . (3) cnfamous person :A lot of personalities from the film world attended the party . 5 assignment :She was sent abroad on a difficult assignment . (task or duty that is assigned to sb) The English assignment is a book report . (homework ) assign homework 留家庭作业 be assigned to a new post 被派到新的工作岗位 6 Never will Zhou Yang forget his first … 否定词放在句首,故用倒装把谓语的一部分位于主语之前. Seldom does he go to the cinema . Never in my life have I heard or seen such a thing . 在我一生中还未曾听说或见过这样的事呢 . 7 influence :have a good / bad influence on sb / sth 对… 有好/坏的影响 under the influence of 在…的影响下 8 go out on a story:on 加名词与come /go / set out 等动词连用可表示目的,表示去做某事 He is leaving for Shanghai on business tomorrow . 他明天要动身去上海出差. 她打算下周去北京旅行. He is go on a visit to Beijing next week . 9 Not on your own .Not till you are more experienced ! = You can’t go on your own ! You can’t go till ou are more experienced ! on your own = alone / without help / excellent I’m all on my own today . Although her father was in the company ,she got the job on her own . When it comes to maths , Mary is on her own . by oneself独立地/ 单独地;of one’s own属于某人自己的 10 experience un / cn /vtDo he has much experience ? He had many interesting experiences while travelling in Africa . a man of rich /much experience be experienced / skilled / expert in / at 11 The first time we’ll send you with an … the first time , “首先,第一次”带从句表示“某人第一次干某事”,the first time 可引导时间状语,类似，the moment / the second / the last time / immediately / every time / directly 注意：从句中将来的事要用一般现在时 。 The first time , we should make ourselves familiar with the surroundings .首先,我们应当熟悉一下环境。 The first time I came here ,I couldn’t adapt myself to the climate here . I’ll tell him about the matter the moment he comes back .他一回来我就告诉他这件事. 12 Only when you have seen what he or she does Only if you ask many different questions will you …Only you can find out the truth .只有你能弄清真相. 13 cover a story by yourself . He has been sent to cover the conference. (report ) Cover the table with a cloth . ( place sth over or in front of sth ) Our city has a beautiful park covering 1000 mu (have …as a size / take up ) Is that word covered in the dictionar
