试题预览
第一部分:词汇专题 (苍山一中) 2007年高考山东卷考试说明词汇表中重大版教材1-9册里没有出现的词汇精讲: 1. abolish. vt 废除,废止(习俗、制度) eg: Should we abolish the death penalty?我们应该废除死刑吗? 2. abortion. n. ①[u]人工流产,打胎 ②[c] 人工流产手术 ③[c]完全失败的计划或行动 3. absurd. adj ①unreasonable; not sensible. 不合理的;荒唐的;谎谬的 eg: What an absurd suggestion! 多么荒唐的建议 ② foolish in a funny way. 愚蠢的;怪诞不经的 eg: That uniform makes them look absurd. 他们穿着那种制服看起来怪模怪样的。 4. abundant. adj ① more than enough ;plentiful.丰富的,充裕的 We have abundant proof of his guilt ② 作表语 ,富有某事物~ in sth :having plenty of sth; rich insth。 5. adolescent adj 青春期的;青春期特有的。adolescence. n. 6. advocate. v. speak publicly in favor of sth; recommend ; support. 拥护;提倡;主张。eg: Do you advocate banning cars in the city centers? 你支持禁止汽车在市中心通行这一主张吗? advocacy. n . 7. alcoholic, adj ①酒精的;含酒精的;②由喝酒引起的。 8. algerbra. n .[u]. 代数学,代数。 9. alternative. adj 作定语。可用以代替其他事物的;另一可选用的;其他的。 Have you got an alternative suggestion?你有没有其他的建议? 10. altitude. n.① height above sea-level 海拔,高度.eg :What is the altitude of the village? ② 常作复数,海拔甚高的地方。eg: It is difficult to breathe at these altitude. 在这些高的地方很难呼吸。 11. aluminium: chemical element; a light silvery metal. 铝。 12. ambiguous: adj. ①having more than one possible meaning 有不止一种意思的;有歧义 ②uncertain in meaning or intention.意向不明的;暧昧的 ambiguously adv. ambiguousness n. 13. anchor: n. ① 锚;② 可以依靠的人或物;靠山;③at anchor; bring(a ship)/come to anchor停航抛锚。 14. anecdote n: short, interesting or amusing story about a real person or event 轶事,逸闻(关于真人真实的短小有趣的事). anecdotal. Adj。 15. appetite . n.①[u] physical desire, esp for food or pleasure 食欲,胃口;
When I was ill I completely lost my appetite 我生病时完全没有胃口; ②[c], a natural desire for sth. The long walk has given me a good appetite. 走了长路使我食欲大振。 16. assess. v .①decide or fix the amount of sth. 确定,评定(数额)assess sth ( at sth). assess the damage at 1000dollars.评定损害赔偿金一千元 ② decide or fix the value of sth ; evaluate 确定,评定(某事物)的价值,估价; ③assess sth as sth.评定某事物的质量。 I’d assess your chances as extremely low. assessment.[u]确定,评定;[c] 评价,看法;[c] 核定的付款额。 17. authentic. adj ① known to be true or genuine真实的,真正的。 an authentic document , signature , painting.正式文件,亲笔签名,原作绘画。 . ② reliable可信的,可靠的。 18. automatic. adj. ①(指机器)自动的;②(指动作)未加思索而作出,无意识的;③必然随之而来的。 19. autonomy n. self-governing; independence.自治,自主,独立。 autonomous. adj 自治的,自主的,独立的。 20. bacteria. 细菌。 21. biochemistry. 生物化学。 22. biscuit. ①[u] 饼干②淡褐色③take the biscuit/cake.极其可笑,讨厌,惊奇等。 23. bishhop. n. ①主教;② (国际象棋中的)象. 24. blackmail. n.[u]. 勒索,敲诈;用威胁来左右某人。 v. blackmail sb( into doing sth)要挟某人作某事 eg: The strikers refused to be blackmailed into returning to work.。 罢工者拒绝了要挟复工的条件。 25. bounce. v. ①弹回 The ball bounced over the wall. ② 活跃的上下跳动move up and down in a lively manner. The boy bounced on the bed. ③遭银行退票。I hope the cheque doesn’t bounce. 26. bowling. n. ① 地滚球戏;②滚木球游戏; ③ 朝击球员方向投球。a good piece of bowling投一个好球。 27. boycott. n . 抵制place /put sth under a boycott.对谋事物实行抵制 ; v .拒绝处理或购买(货物),拒绝参加(如:会议),抵制 Athletes from several countries boycotted the Olympic Games.有好几国家的运动员拒绝参加奥林匹克运动会。 28. brewery. n. 啤酒厂。 29. brochure. n. 小册子 a travel brochure旅游指南。 30. bureaucratic. adj. 官僚制度的,官僚的。 31. capsule. n. 荚; 胶囊;航天舱,太空舱。 32. caption. n. ( 杂志等文章中的)标题,题目;(附于插图或照片上的)说明文字;(电影或电视上的)字幕。 33. caravan. n. ① 拖车 ②( 供居住可用马拉的)篷车; ③(穿过沙漠地带的)旅行队(如商队)。 34. carbon. n. 碳 35. casual. adj. ① happening by chance.偶然的,碰巧的; ②不经意的,随便的,临时的;③(衣物)便服的,不正式的 eg: casual wear 便装; ④非永久性的,a casual labourer. 临时工。 36. centigrade. adj. 摄氏温度计的。 a centigrade thermometer摄氏温度计. 37. circuit.n. 围绕一地方的线、路线、旅程,圈;电路;联赛。 38. circulate. v. ①go round continuously (使某物)循环; ② move about freely流通 open a window to allow the air to circulate. ③spread 流传,传播The news of her death circulated quickly。 39. circus. n. 马戏团the circus 马戏表演;竞技场。 40. clarify. v. ① cause sth to become clear or easier to understand(使谋事)清楚易懂,澄清. I hope that what I say will clarify the situation.我希望我说的话能澄清这一情况; ②除去(油脂)中的杂质。 41. coincidence.[c/u]巧合(的事);[u],(事情,口味、故事等)相合,符合,一致。 42. collision.[u/c]~(withsb/sth); ~(between A and B) ①(物与物或人与人)相撞、碰撞、撞坏The two ships were in/came into collision两艘轮船相撞; ②抵触,(相反的目的、看法、意见等的)冲突.Her political activities brought her into collision with the law.她的政治活动触犯了法律。collision course 必然与某人(某事物)相冲突的进程或行动。 43. compensate v.~(sb)for sth. 补偿,赔偿;报偿;报酬。Nothing can compensate for the loss of one’s health.失去的健康是无法补偿的。 44. component.n.(某事物的)组成部分、成分、零部件adj.作定语,(整体中的)一部分、组成的。 45. consensus.n.[c/u] ~(on sth/that…) 意见一致;共同看法eg: ① The two parties have reached a consensus. ②There is broad consensus in the country on the issue. 46. contemporary. adj.① ~(with sb/sth)属于该时代或该时期的;属于同一时代的;② 当代的,现代的。 47. corrupt. v. make sb/sth corrupt. 使(某人或物)堕落,腐化 败坏young people whose morals have been corrupted道德败坏的年轻人。 48. crayon. n.绘画用的铅笔,彩色粉笔,蜡笔。 49. departure n.[c/u]离开,离去;背离,违反 50. dimension n. 1)[c/u]measurement of any sort (breadth;length;thickness;height,etc) (空间的)任何一种量度(宽度,长度,厚度,高度等) eg. What are the ~s of the room?这个房间的面积是多少? 2) (pl.) size, extent 大小, 体积, 程度, 范围 eg. a creature of huge ~s 形体庞大的动物 I didn’t realized the ~s of the problem.(fig) 我未曾意识到问题的严重程度. 3)aspect 方面,侧面 eg. There is a ~ to the problem that we have not discussed. 这个问题还有一方面我们没有讨论过. 51. dioxide n. [U] 二氧化物 carbon ~二氧化碳 52. diplomacy n[u] 1) 外交,外交手段/腕,外交术 eg. International problems must be solved by ~ ,not by wars. 国际问题应通过外交手段来解决,不应诉诸战争。 2)art of or skills in dealing with people; tact 处理人际关系的方法,技巧;交际手腕;处事之道 53. discrimination n.[u] 1) good judgment and perception辨别力,识别力 2)歧视,偏袒(某人/物) eg. racial/sexual/religious/political ~ 种族/性别/宗教/政治歧视 This is a clear case of ~ against foreign imports.这显然是对进口货物的排斥。 54. disgusting adj.使人反感的,使人厌恶的,讨厌的 55. diverse adj. of different kinds, varied多种多样的,不同的 eg. people from ~culture不同文化背景的人 Her interests are very~ . 她的兴趣非常广泛。 56. enterprise n.