试题预览
一、 指导思想 认真研究教材,明确语法教学的内容和目标,根据英语教学规律和学生的认知水平,运用先进的教学策略和多样化的评价方式,帮助学生巩固初中三年所学的语法知识,提高复习课的效率。 二、 教学要求 1) 明确具体的教学目标, 符合课标、教材要求和学生的实际认知水平。(对有能力的学生可以作适当的扩充) 2) 注重语法规则的学习 3) 通过有效的课堂教学模式, 让学生通过感知、体验、实践、参与和合作等方式完成学习任务,感受成功, 形成积极的学习态度。 初中三年来学生学过的语法有:一般现在时,现在进行时,一般将来时,一般过去时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,过去将来时,词类,句型结构,句子成分,情态动词以及一些句型和动词的语法。具体分列如下: 1.名词 (1)可数名词与不可数名词7AP62 掌握可数名词与不可数名词的区别。名词单数变复数的规则:大部分名词直接加“s”;以辅音字母+y结尾的名词变“y”为“i”+“es”;以“o”结尾的名词后面加“s”或者“es”;以“f”,“fe”结尾的名词变“f”或“fe”为“e”+“es”。 (2)名词所有格7BP33 名词所有格表示某物属于某人。在可数名词单数和不可数名词后加’s,如Millie’s home,the fish’s food , 在可数名词的复数加s’,如the two students’ homes。 2.代词 (1)人称代词 7A P24-25 掌握人称代词的主格形式以及它在句子中做主语的用法。学生能够根据上下文的语境推测出正确的代词。 7A P79 掌握人称代词的宾格形式。学生能够正确写出人称代词单、复数以及主格、宾格的形式。 人 称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he him they them she her it it (2)物主代词7BP34
形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词表示某物属于某人/某物 I my
toys You love your We our They their He loves his She her It its
They are mine. yours ours theirs. his. hers. (4)疑问代词 7A P43-44 掌握用“wh-”疑问词提问并回答。疑问词“what”对活动或事物提问;“which”对事物或人提问,着重强调哪一个;“who”对人提问;“whose”对所有物提问;“when”对时间提问;“where” 对地点提问;“why” 对原因提问;“How”对方式提问。 (3)不定代词 7AP45 能正确使用“some”和“any”来讨论东西的数量。“Some”用于肯定句和表示请求和提供建议的句子中;“any”用于否定句和疑问句。 9A P29-P31 正确使用不定代词:修饰不定代词的定语放在它们的后面;不定代词做主语时,后使用单数谓语动词。 (5)8A P44-45 掌握反身代词的用法,当主语和宾语为同一人时用反身代词。I, you(你),you(你们),we, they, he, she, it相对应的反身代词是myself, yourself, yourselves, ourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves 。 3.数词 (1)基数词7BP14 帮助学生掌握基数词在表示数量的用法和读法。e.g. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 one two three four five six seven eight nine
100 1000 10000 one hundred one thousand ten thousand
100,000 1,000,000 one hundred thousand one million (2)序数词7BP16-17 帮助学生掌握序数词在表示日期,楼层,结果等的用法以及和基数词的相互变化。 one two three four five six first second third forth fifth Sixth seven eight nine ten eleven twelve seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth thirteen twenty twenty-one twenty-two twenty-three thirty thirteenth twentieth twenty-first twenty-second twenty-third thirtieth 4.介词 7BP13方位介词: 帮助学生掌握方位介词:in front of, between, next to, between, opposite, on在表示方位的用法。in front of表示在前方,但是不在范围内;between常与and连用,表示在之间; next to表示在隔壁;opposite表示在对面; on表示在上面而且接触。e.g. We love to sit on the floor. The house is over a bridge. Simon sits in front of Kitty. Kitty sits next to Sandy. 7B P48动作介词: across表示.从平面横过.越过,along表示.沿着,和……一起, through表示.从内部穿过, over表示垂直在上, to表示方向, up表示向上,到(较高的地方去), down表示向下,到(较低的地方去), round表示围绕,在周围,from常与to连用。表示从 ……到(表示间或地点)。e.g. 7AP41-42 1)掌握表示时间的介词“at”,“in”,“on”的用法。介词“at”用于具体的点钟、一日三餐、节日和年龄之前;介词“on”用于一周七天、日期之前;介词“in”用于月份、季节、年和一天中不同部分之前。 9A P65-P67 掌握用between…and…、 from…to…、before、after、until、while和as表达事情发生的时间 5.连词 8A P41-43 掌握and, but, or(或者)的用法,and表示并列,but表转折,or表示可能性或选择。e.g. The sky was blue and everything was beautiful. The pyramids were small but looked just like the real ones. We can go there by coach or metro. 8A P95-96 掌握表示原因的连词的用法:because , as, since. (这些词放在句子前面或中间,主句不能再用so.)
Reason
The children cried because as since they were frightened.
Reason Because As Since the children were frightened, they cried. 6.形容词(比较级与最高级) 8A P8-10 1) 掌握描述性形容词的用法。此类形容词用来描述某人或某物,放在名次前或2007年中考复习基础训练9A-9B连系动词后。e.g. She has short hair. Her hair is short. 2) 掌握形容词的比较级和最高级的变化规则和用法。规则变化一般情况加er,以e结尾加r/st,以辅音字母+y结尾改y为ier/iest,重读闭音节结尾的双写尾字母再加er/est,部分较长的形容词加more/most构成比较级;不规则变化中记住good-better-best, bad-worse-worst, many-more-most。比较级是用来比较2个/类人或事物的,而最高级是用来比较3个/类人或事物的。e.g. Sandy’s hair is longer than Millie’s hair. My book is more interesting than his book. He is the tallest boy in his class. This is the most expensive printer in the shop. P10-11 掌握表示“比较”的句式,as + 形容词+as ----- “和……一样”, not as / so + 形容词 + as——“……不如……” e.g. Millie is as tall as Kitty. Amy is not as tall as Peter.(Amy is shorter than Peter.)(Peter is taller than Amy.) P24-27 1)比较两者间的数量用以下句式:more….than, fewer….than., less… than. e.g. I have more / fewer apples than you. (后跟复数名词) I have more / less free time than he/ him.(后跟不可数名词) 2)比较两者以上间的数量用 the most, the fewest, the least. e.g. Amy scored the most/ fewest points of all. Daniel has the least money of the three. 7.副词(比较级与最高级) 7a P60-61 掌握表示频率的副词“never”,“seldom”,“often”,“usually”,“always”,“sometime”的含义,对他们提问要用“How often(多长时间一次)” 8A P79-81 我们可以用方式副词来进一步描述事情发生的方式,句中一般用来修饰动词(词组),往往由形容词+ly变成副词,以辅音字母+y结尾改y为ily.部分不规则变化,如good变well,少数副词和形容词同形,如:fast, early, high 等。e.g. She speaks fluent English. She speaks English fluently. He is always very careful when she drives. He drives carefully. 9A P68-P69 掌握副词的比较级和最高级 8.冠词 7AP63 掌握不定冠词“a”,“an”用于可数名词之前的用法;掌握不定冠词“a”,“an”用于不可数名词之前表示他们的数量。e.g. There is an apple and some pears on the table. I want to buy an orange. a glass of water a cup of tea 7BP35 定冠词the的用法表示独一无二的或前面已经提过的事物。e.g. Sunshine Town is a new town in Beijing, the capital of China. There is a country park. The park is beautiful. 9.动词 7B P82 1)帮助学生掌握can/ could表示“能力”“会”的用法。can 表示有能力做某事,could表示在过去有能力做某事。e.g. I can speak English. I could swim when I was young. 其肯定、否定和疑问形式如下: I/You/We/ He/ She/It/ They can dance.
cannot/can’t
I/You/We/ He/ She/It/ They could dance
in the past. could not/couldn’t
Can I/you/we/ he/ she/ it/ they run? Yes, I/you/we/ he/ she/ it/ they can. No, cannot/can’t
Could I/you/ we/he/ it /she/ they swim last year? Yes, I/you/we/ he/ she/ it/ they could. No, could not/couldn’t
2)帮助学生掌握can/ could表示“可能”“可能性”的用法。相对而言could表示更小一点的可能性。e.g. I am free. I can help you. At that time, anything could happen. 7BP100掌握情态动词should & must 的用法 should (应该)/ shouldn’t(不应该). e.g. You should play with your cat for some time every day. You should not/shouldn’t feed your pet at the table. must (必须)/ mustn’t (不可以,不允许). e.g. You must look after your pet. You must not/mustn’t bring your pet to school. 9B掌握用情态动词can, could, may和might讨论允许或许可。 can 非正式,用于朋友之间,could正式,用于老师或长者, may 正式礼貌,用于和陌生人及尊敬的人之间,might 很正式,很有礼貌。 10. 动词不定式 8A P43-44 掌握动词+ to do的用法,一些动词后面可以加to+动词原型,这些动词有:plan, agree, want, decide, choose, hope, learn, prepa