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比较全国19套英语试题,上海卷的语法与词汇部分是相对简单的,无偏题怪题,通过设置简单的微型语境考察基本用法和常用单词的基本含义,也使得学生在答题过程中容易上手。 每年的上海卷主要考点包括:介词、代词、形容词/副词、情态动词、动词的时态与语态、非谓语动词等。在复习时要分清主次,明确上海卷在全国的指导航标作用,通过发分析研讨上海高考题,以达到“抛砖引玉”目的。 25.Dolly wants to cycle round the world and she is really keen the idea. A.on B.for C.at D. with 25.A.解析:考查基本介词的固定搭配。be keen on…和词组be interested in或be fond of或be eager to/for都是类似的意思,即,对……有兴趣;喜欢;渴望。 She is particularly keen on nuturing the flowers. 备考提示:对于介词的考查是上海题的要点之一。介词的用法比较多,学生只需要掌握常用介词的常用含义即可,如: between, beyond, of, at等 26.Treat to a glass of wine to help you relax at the end of the day. A.one B.oneself C.you D.yourself 26.D.解析:考查反身代词与动词的搭配。treat oneself to…舍得(吃、穿等),从句意“一天后,喝杯酒有助于放松。”可知D正确。 备考提示:反身代词一般用来强调自己,但有时也可用作某些动词或介词的宾语。如:help oneself(to sth.),enjoy oneself,by oneself单独地,独自地,for oneself亲自地, of oneself自发地(自动地), devoted oneself to致力于,Control yourself!(克制一下!)等 27.The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we _______ go to work tomorrow. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t 27.C.解析:考查情态动词的否定形式的特定含义。Can’t的意思是“不可能”,shouldn’t表示“不应该”,mustn’t与needn’t的意思大不相同,前者表示“禁止”,意思是:一定不能;后者表示“没有必要”,意思是“不必”,相当于don’t have to,从前句“老板放了我们假”,所以“明天没有必要上班”,故选C。 备考提示:情态动词是最难的语法之一,不仅要记忆其规则表示“可能”“请求”“推测”“意志”等,还要“用心”体会,揣摩句意,选用恰当的形式。 28.Nowadays the roles of husband and wife are not as ________defined as before, especially when both partners work and earn money for the family. A.clear B.clearer C.clearly D.more clearly 28.C.解析:考查形容词/副词的比较等级。从句意“现在丈夫和妻子的角色不再像以前那么明确划定……”可知要用副词clearly修饰动词define,又有同级比较“as…as”句型,C正确。 备考提示:形容词/副词考点众多,既要考虑词序排列又要注意句型搭配,还有词与词之间的微弱差异,如: Strangely enough,much too heavy, so anxious a rush(such all anxious rush)等
29.The unemployment rate in this district _________ from 6% to 5% in the past two years. A.has fallen B.had fallen C.is falling D.was falling 29.A. 解析:考查动词的时态。从时间状语“ in the past two years”可知,要用现在完成时,再看句意依然符合,故A正确。 备考提示:时态是重点也是难点。要考虑不同时态的特点(如现在完成时既涉及过去,又联系现在),也要考虑不同时态表达类似的意义(如:Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your belt. The plane is taking off),还要考虑英美人表达时态的差异(如: ---Hello, nice to meet you --- Sorry, I didn’t recognize you ) 。 在记忆时态的特点时,往往可以根据时间副词来判断所用时态 ,如现在完成时常与just(刚刚),already(已经),never(从来没有),ever(曾经),before(以前),yet(仍然),once(一次),twice(两次),many times(很多次),how many times(多少次),so far(迄今为止),during the past(last)three years(最近三年来)等连用。 30.John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it seriously. A.damaged B.was being damaged C.had damaged D.had been damaged 30.D.解析:本题仍然考查时态语态。根据主、谓关系,排除选项A,C;再根据前句,约翰修车是过去时,所以车坏在先,所以须用过去完成时,故答案选D. 备考提示:选用过去完成时的关键是先确定过去发生的动作,没有过去发生的动作这个“原点”就无法判断“过去的过去”。 31.If you talk nice and polite, people listen to you. If you shout, this is no good, ? A.do you B.don’t you C.is it D.isn’t it 31.C.解析:本题考查反义疑问句。陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时,反意疑问句的主语用it,当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时:few, little, seldom,hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等,其反意疑问句需用肯定结构,故C正确。 备考提示:一般说来.复合句的反意疑问句后面的简短疑问部分与主句一致.但当宾语主从复合句中的主句同时满足下列条件时,疑问部分的主语、谓语依从句而定,疑问部分用肯定还是否定则由主句而定:(1)主语为第一人称;(2)谓语动词为:think,suppose, believe,imagine,consider,guess;(3)谓语为一般现在时;(4)谓语动词无任何修饰成分。 I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer,will they?( 01上海) A. do I B.don’t I C.will they D.won’t they Mrs. Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design a digital camera, does she? (04 上海) 32.It is imagination _________makes the world colorful, full of vigor and vitality. A.where B.what C.that D.when 32.C.解析:本题考查强调句型。分析句型结构可以看出“ imagination makes the world colorful, full of vigor and vitality”正确,可以判断是强调句“ it is… that…”. 备考提示:强调句型的判断方法:将(It is/was)...(that/who)…括号中的词同时去掉,看剩下的部分是否仍然成立。若成立,则是强调句型;若不成立,则为状语从句、定语从句或主语从句。 33.All the staff in our company are considering to the city centre for the fashion show. A.to go B.going C.to have gone D.having gone 33.B.解析:本题考查动名词作宾语。consider doing sth.考虑做某事 备考提示:熟悉并掌握哪些动词接不定式作宾语;哪些动词或短语接动词的-ing形式作宾语;哪些动词或短语既可接动词不定式又可接动词的-ing形式作宾语非常重要。 其实这道题需要记住常见的动词后面必须跟动名词作宾语。如:admit(承认) avoid(避免) consider(考虑)deny(否定) enjoy(喜欢)escape(逃脱) finish(完成) imagine(想象)include(包括)keep(保持)mind(介意)miss(失去)practice(练习)suggest(建议)give up(放弃)等就迎刃而解。 34. The thought of going back home was kept him happy while he was working abroad. A.that B.all that C.all what D.which 34. B.解析:考查定语从句。从结构看是定语从句,先行词是不定代词all, 所以用关系代词that引导。 备考提示:定语从句考点多多,往年多注意考查1)as, which的选用,2)非限制性定语从句 3)与名词性从句,状语从句的区别等,所以在备考时除了要注意热点问题的巩固时,也要夯实基础知识,不能挂一漏万。 35. there is a snowstorm or some other bad weather, the mail always comes on time. A.Because B.If C.When D.Unless 35.D.解析:考查关联词的作用。从句意“除非有暴雪或其它恶劣天气,邮件总能按时到”判断,选含有否定意义的unless. unless是从属连词,引导条件状语从句,含有否定意义,相当于if条件状语从句的否定形式。 备考提示:1)unless引导的条件状语从句和if条件状语从句,与其它时间状语从句一样,用一般现在时代替将来时, unless在意义上相当于if…not…,因此在此if…not…可为unless所代替。例如: I Won’t write if he doesn’t write first. = I won’t write unless he writes first. If I am not mistaken, I’ve seen that man before.= Unless I am mistaken, I’ve seen that man before. 2)但在有些场合又不能互换,我们要注意下面两种常见情况: 1.当if…not…引导非真实条件分句时,一般不可改用unless。 例如: If she had not had an alarm clock, she would have missed the train.(事实:她有闹钟。) 如果把上述例句中的if…not…换成unless,意义就相反了。 (误)Unless she had had an alarm clock, she would have missed the train.(事实:她没有闹钟) 2.在间接引语中,当if=whether,意为“是否”,unless 不可以代替if…not…。例如: She promised to let me know if she wasn't coming. 综上所述,unless既等于if…not…,在某些场合又不相等, 因此要牢记它们之间的差别,准确地使用它们。 36.By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of you read. A.that B.what C.which D.whether 36.B. 解析: 误选C,认为介词后应接关系代词which(但是,若填关系代词,其前没有先行词);误选D,尽管介词后可以跟whether 引导宾语从句,但whether在句中并不充当成分;从句中谓语动词read缺少宾语,所以用what充当。 备考提示:三大从句引导词的选择是重中之重,要条分缕析,加以应用记忆,尤其是像whether, that等可以引导多种从句的引导词或其它特殊句型。请辨别下列句所属类别: ① The teacher pointed out that Tom was not working hard enough. ② It is known to everyone that the earth goes around the sun. ③The idea that he holds is very common nowadays on campus. ④Bring it nearer that I may see it better. ⑤ It is Mrs. White that makes the decision in her family, not her meek little husband. ⑥The house (that)/where I used