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1. 一、语法：The –ing form::Tell the difference between doing and having done
The –ing form as the Adverbial:动词-ing 作状语：V-ing 作状语时表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语表示的动作或状态时同时或几乎同时发生的，或是先于谓语动词发生，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。V-ing 作状语常表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、让步、结果，多用逗号跟句子其他成分隔开。
• I was feeling tired, I went to bed early.=_________ tired, I went to be d early.
• I worked hard all day. I went to bed early.=_______ hard all day, I went to bed.
作时间状语 Walking along the street, I met Mary. (=While I was walking along the street, …)
作原因状语Being tired, I stopped to take a rest. (=Because I was tired, …)
作条件状语Turning to the left, you will find the school. (=If you turn the left, …)
If you work hard, you'll succeed. =__________hard, you'll succeed. =_______hard, and you’ll succeed.
作让步状语 1. Though he worked hard, he was still unable to support the whole family.
=________ hard as he did, he was still unable to support the whole family.
2. Though he knows where I live, he never comes to see me.
= _____________where I live, he never comes to see me.
作伴随状语 1. I stood there, waiting for her. (=I stood there, and _______ for her.)
2. Following Mike, they started to climb.
3. The children laughed and talked merrily, and they ran out of the room.
=The children ran out of the room, ___________and ____________ merrily.
V-ing 形式的完成式:如果V-ing 表示的动作发生在句子谓语之前，则要用V-ing 的完成式，即是：
Having +P.P(过去分词)…, 主语+谓语
1. After she had finished her work, she went home.=__________ ___________her work, she went home.
2. As we have invited him here to speak, we’d better go to his lecture.
=______________ _____________him here to speak, we’d better go to his lecture.
Exercises
1. _____ the championship, he was awarded a million dollars.
A. Won B. Winning C. Having won D. Being won
2. ______ only book knowledge, you will not be able to work well.
A. Had B. Have C. Having D. To have
3. I saw a lot of children playing in the garden most of them _____ girls.
A. are B. being C. were D. having
4. The old man could not sleep&nb
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