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主谓一致指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.
如: He _______ going abroad. They ________ playing football.
可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致.
一． 语法一致原则:
即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:
1. 当主语后跟有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词根据前面的主语变化。例如：
如: Air as well as water_________ matter. 空气和水都是物质.
No one except two servants _________late for the dinner. (was/were)
All but one _________ here just now. 除了一个，刚才其他所有的（人）都在这里。
2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如:
The poet and writer ________ come.(has/have) 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)
The poet and the writer ________come.(has/have) (指不同的人)
A hammer and a saw ________ useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)
用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体,
如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.
3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如:
To see _______ to believe. 眼见为实。
Serving the people ________my great happiness.
When we’ll go out for an outing _________been decided.
4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.
Every boy and every girl ______ to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.
No teacher and no student _____ absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.
Each man and (each) woman ______ asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙.
5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:
Each of us _______ something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说
6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数. 但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如:
Many a boy ________ playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球.
More than one student ________ late. 不只一个学生迟到
More persons than one _________ to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们.
7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如:
None of us ____________perfect. 人无完人.
None of this __________ me. (worry/worries) 这事一点不使我着急.
8. 表示双部分工具的名称,衣服名称等作主语时, 谓语用复数形式, 如: trousers, shoes, glasses, goods, clothes. 如果这些词由 pair, piece, kind + of 修饰,则用单数形�
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